Transcript HRST Data Flow - Oregon State University

CIOSS/COAST GOES-R Risk
Reduction Activities for HES-CW
CIOSS: Cooperative Institute for Oceanographic
Satellite Studies, College of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon
COAST: Coastal Ocean Applications and Science
Team, Mark Abbott Team Leader, Curtiss Davis
Executive Director
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COAST and Risk Reduction Activities
• The Coastal Ocean Applications and Science Team (COAST) was created in
August 2004 to support NOAA to develop coastal ocean applications for
HES-CW:
– Mark Abbott, Dean of the College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences
(COAS) at Oregon State University is the COAST team leader,
– COAST activities are managed through the Cooperative Institute for
Oceanographic Satellite Studies (CIOSS) a part of COAS, Ted Strub,
Director
– Curtiss Davis, Senior Research Professor at COAS, is the Executive
Director of COAST.
• Initial activity to evaluate HES-CW requirements and suggest improvements
• Paul Menzel Presented GOES-R Risk Reduction Program at the first COAST
meeting in September 2004 and invited COAST to participate.
– Curt Davis and Mark Abbott presented proposed activities in Feb. 2005.
– CIOSS/COAST invited to become part of GOES-R Risk Reduction Activity
beginning in FY 2006.
– Proposal Submitted to NOAA Sept 6, 2005
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Why HES-CW given VIIRS?
• Tides, diel winds (such as the land/sea breeze),
river runoff, upwelling and storm winds drive
coastal currents that can reach several knots.
Furthermore, currents driven by diurnal and
semi-diurnal tides reverse approximately every 6
hours.
• VIIRS daily sampling at the same time cannot
resolve tides, diurnal winds, etc.
• HES-CW will provide the capability to view
coastal waters from a geostationary platform
that will provide the management and science
community with a unique capability to observe
the dynamic coastal ocean environment.
• HES-CW will provide higher spatial resolution
(300 m vs. 1000 m)
• HES-CW will provide additional channels to
measure solar stimulated fluorescence,
suspended sediments, CDOM and improved
Example tidal cycle from
atmospheric correction.
Charleston, OR. Black
• HES-CW compliments VIIRS global coverage
arrows VIIRS sampling,
red arrows HES-CW
These improvements are critical for the
sampling.
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analyses of coastal waters.
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COAST proposed new HES-CW Channel
Specifications
COAST Proposed HES-CW Channel Specifications
Nominal
Threshold
Channel Center
0.412
0.443
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.58
0.61
0.645
0.667
0.678
Nominal
Threshold
Resolution
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.75
0.02
0.865
0.02
1.000 (0.72
backup)
0.04 (0.02)
Nominal
Threshold
Signal to Noise
300 to 1 all
channels
Nominal GOAL
Channel Center
Wavelength (um)
0.345
0.38
0.407 through 0.987
0.57
0.72
1.24
1.38
1.61
2.26
11.2 (2 km)
12.3 (2 km)
Nominal
GOAL
Resolution
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.8
1
Nominal Goal
Signal to Noise
900 to 1 all
channels
Nominal
Threshold
Horiz.
Resolution
Nominal Goal
Horiz.
Resolution
300-meters
(at Equator)
150-meters
(at Equator)
except for LW
IR channels
Frequency of Sampling and Prioritizing Goal
Requirements
• Threshold requirement is to sample all
Hawaii and Continental U. S. coastal waters
once every three hours during daylight
– Plus additional hourly sampling of
selected areas
• Goal requirement is hourly sampling of all
U.S. coastal waters is strongly
recommended, for cloud clearing and to
better resolve coastal ocean dynamics.
• Goal requirements compete with each other,
e.g. higher spatial resolution makes it harder
to increase sampling frequency or SNR.
• COAST top priority goals are:
– Higher frequency of sampling
– Goal channels for atmospheric correction
– Hyperspectral instead of multispectral
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HES-CW built to the threshold requirements will be a dramatic
improvement over present capabilities for coastal imaging.
Risk Reduction Activities:
Principal Roles of Co-Investigators
• Curtiss Davis, program management, calibration, atmospheric correction
• Mark Abbott, COAST Team Leader
• Ricardo Letelier, phytoplankton productivity and chlorophyll fluorescence,
data management
• Peter Strutton, coastal carbon cycle, Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)
• Ted Strub, CIOSS Director, coastal dynamics, links to IOOS
COAST Participants:
• Bob Arnone, NRL, optical products, calibration, atmospheric correction,
data management
• Paul Bissett, FERI, optical products, data management
• Heidi Dierssen, U. Conn., benthic productivity
• Raphael Kudela, UCSC, HABs, IOOS
• Steve Lohrenz, USM, suspended sediments, HABs
• Oscar Schofield, Rutgers U., product validation, IOOS, coastal models
• Heidi Sosik, WHOI, productivity and optics
• Ken Voss, U. Miami, calibration, atmospheric correction, optics
NOAA/ORA
• Menghua Wang, atmospheric correction
• Mike Ondrusek, Calibration, MOBY
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Risk Reduction Activities
• Approach to Algorithm Development
– Experience with Hyperion and airborne hyperspectral sensors
– Field Experiments to collect prototype HES-CW data
• Planned Risk Reduction activities:
– Calibration and vicarious calibration
– Atmospheric correction
– Optical properties
– Phytoplankton chlorophyll, chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity
– Benthic productivity
– Coastal carbon budget
– Harmful algal blooms
– Data access and visualization
– Education and public outreach
NRL09/21/2004_Davis.7
HES-CW Data flow and Risk Reduction
Activities
Raw sensor
data
Calibration
Calibrated
radiances
at the
sensor
Atmospheric
Correction
Water
Leaving
Radiances
Optical
properties
Algorithms
now-cast and
forecast
models
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Applications
and products
Data
assimilation
into models
Education
and outreach
Users
Product
models and
algorithms
In-Water
Optical
Properties
Approach to Algorithm Development
• Directly involve the ocean color community which has extensive algorithm
development experience with SeaWiFS and MODIS
– NASA funded science teams developed, tested and validated calibration,
atmospheric correction and product algorithms
– Additional product development and testing funded by U. S. Navy
– SeaWiFS procedures and algorithms documented in series of NASA Tech
memos and numerous publications
– MODIS algorithms documented in Algorithm Theoretical Basis
Documents (ATBDs)
– Algorithms are continuously evaluated and updated; SeaWiFS and
MODIS data routinely reprocessed to provide Climate Data Records with
latest algorithms
• Design program to assure compatibility of HES-CW products with VIIRS
– VIIRS algorithms based on MODIS ATBDs
– Similar calibration and atmospheric correction approaches
– Use the same ocean calibration sites for vicarious calibration
• Initial plans and algorithms based on SeaWiFS and MODIS experience
modified to fit HES-CW in geostationary orbit.
• Advanced algorithms tested and implemented when available.
• Early tests planned using airborne hyperspectral data.
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Proposed Experiments to Collect Simulated
HES-CW data (1 of 2)
• There are no existing data sets that include all the key attributes of HES-CW
data:
– Spectral coverage (.4 – 2.4 mm)
– High signal-to-noise ratio (>300:1 prefer 900:1, for ocean radiances)
– High spatial resolution (<150 m, bin to 300 m)
– Hourly or better revisit
• Propose field experiments in FY2006-2008 to develop the required data sets
for HES-CW algorithm and model development.
• Airborne system:
– Hyperspectral imager that can be binned to the HES-CW bands
– Flown at high altitude for 20 km x 20 km scenes every 30 min
– Endurance to collect repeat flight lines every half hour for up to 6 hours
– Spectroscopy Aerial Mapping System with On-Board Navigation
(SAMSON) Hyperspectral Imager (Florida Environmental Research Inst.)
• Propose three experimental sites:
– 2006 Monterey Bay (August-September, coastal upwelling, HABs)
– 2007 New York/Mid Atlantic Bight (August, river input, urban aerosols)
– 2008 Mississippi River Plume (Sediment input, HABs)
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Proposed Experiments to collect simulated
HES-CW data (2 of 2)
• Experimental Design
– Choose sites with IOOS or other long term monitoring and modeling
activities
– Intensive effort for 2 weeks to assure that all essential parameters are
measured:
- Supplement standard measurements at the site with shipboard or
mooring measurements of water-leaving radiance, optical properties
and products expected from HES-CW algorithms,
- Additional atmospheric measurements as needed to validate
atmospheric correction parameters,
- As needed, enhance modeling efforts to include bio-optical models
that will utilize HES-CW data.
– Aircraft overflights for at least four clear days and one partially cloudy
day (to evaluate cloud clearing) during the two week period.
- High altitude to include 90% or more of the atmosphere
- 30 min repeat flight lines for up to 6 hours to provide a time series for
models and to evaluate changes with time of day (illumination,
phytoplankton physiology, etc.)
• All data to be processed and then distributed over the Web for all users to
test and evaluate algorithms and models.
NRL09/21/2004_Davis.11
Summary
• HES-CW will provide an excellent new tool for the characterization and
management of the coastal ocean.
• We will build on extensive experience in calibration, atmospheric correction,
algorithm development from SeaWiFS and MODIS and continuing with VIIRS
to provide the necessary algorithms for HES-CW.
• Planned Activities focus on calibration and algorithm development;
– Initially utilize existing data sets including SeaWiFS and MODIS,
– 2006-2008 field experiments to develop example HES-CW data for
- algorithm development and testing,
- Coordination with IOOS for in-situ data and coastal ocean models,
- Demonstrate terabyte web-based data system.
– Initially provide SeaWiFS and MODIS heritage calibration and algorithms;
- Calibration approach includes vicarious calibration,
- Heritage band-ratio algorithms.
– Major focus on developing advanced algorithms that take advantage of
HES-CW unique characteristics.
• Efforts coordinated with NOAA ORA, NMFS and NOS with a focus on
meeting their operational needs.
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