Transcript Architecture of the English Colonies

Architecture of the New
England Colonies
By Steven Cherny 7A2 ID2
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Beginnings of Colonial Style
Architecture
When New England had just started having colonies,
the first colonists built mainly houses that were one
room deep with two stories and a central chimney.
Another popular style was a one floor long parlor
house.
These houses used medieval designs mixed in with
what we now call Colonial style houses.
This mixed design was called post-medieval English
style.
Beginnings of Colonial Style
Architecture (cont.)
• In the early 1700’s, after having built these
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one room deep two story houses, the
colonist began adding more to the back of
the house for more interior space which
resulted in the one and a half room deep
saltbox.
These houses evolved into the Colonial style
home.
Colonial Style
 The
normal colonial style home was
symmetrical with one central chimney
connected to all the fire places.
 There are two windows to the side of the
main doorway and five windows will be on
the second floor.
 This house was built in about the year
1720 and is located in Farmington,
Connecticut.
Saltbox Home
• The saltbox home design was thought of in 1630
and got its name from its design, it looked like
the box the colonists used for storing salt.
• The salt box house has two floors in the front
and one floor in the back, with a huge chimney
in the center of the house
• The second floor would hang right over the first
floor and the windows were very small.
• The door was in the very center of the side it
was located on.
New England Large House
 These new larger houses were made in the
colonial style design with five windows on the
second floor and four windows on the first, two
on each side of the door.
 These houses were normally two full floors and
two rooms deep.
 They generally had a Georgian style of
decoration with classical borders to the
windows and the door.
 The door also had small windows above it, and
they were called lights.
Center Hall House
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The Center Hall House is another
Georgian-style home with a center hall
with a staircase coming from the front to
the back of the house. The house has two
large chimneys on top of both the left and
right side of the house
These houses were also made with large
gambrel roofs.
Garrison Houses
• The Garrison, just like the saltbox, is a two story home
with a large central chimney. The only difference
between the garrison and the saltbox is that the
garrison was built with a second story overhang that
covers the first floor doorway.
• This design originated in England to make more
interior space on the second floor and to cover shops
and people walking on the streets below from the bad
weather that comes and goes. It also protected the
nicely designed doorways.
Cape Cod House
 The Cape Cod house was smaller than the Large House but was way
more stable.
 It was built to withstand the harsh Atlantic winds and storms, thus,
being lower to the and only having one and a half stories.
 When compared to other houses like the Garrison House and the
Saltbox, Cape Cod cottages were made of much simpler objects which
allowed small crews of men handle the building fairly quickly.
 They were made of vertically planked exterior walls, which allowed for
movement of the house if the beach it was situated on started drifting
away or if a better location was found.
 Even today Cape Cod Cottages are built, although they are modified to
include modern inventions.
Hall-and-Parlor House
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This was a simple one and a half story home
with two rooms.
 A house of this design would be built with a
chimney above each gable.
 Even though the house was small even by
English standards, it was used as an early
plantation manor house.
 It had a separate kitchen, dairy, barn, servants’
and slave quarters and other major house parts.
Fun Facts
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The name Garrison comes from the way the
house has jetties (second-story overhangs) like
the front of a fortress or a garrison.
The New England Large House evolved to
become what it was then. It started as the one
story on room house, then became the twostory one room deep house, and then the Large
House became the saltbox, and then finally it
became a two-story two room deep home.
The Cape Cod cottage is named after the fact
that they were built in Cape Cod.
The Hall-and-Parlor House was once called the
Virginia House.
Source Page
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American Houses: A Field Guide to the Architecture of the Home by Gerald Foster
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