Transcript MANAGEMENT INFORMAION SYSTEM (MIS)

Types of Information System
(Types of CBIS)
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MIS (Management Information System.
TPS (Transaction Processing System.
DSS (Decision Support Systems.
EIS (Executive Information Systems
ES (Expert Systems)
OAS (Office Automation System)
TPS
(Transaction Processing System)
• TPS (Transaction Processing System) is an
information system that manipulates data , from
business transactions. Transaction include events
such as sales, purchases, deposits, withdrawals,
refunds and payments. TPS performs routines and
repetitive tasks.
Example: When an organization sells something to a
customer on credit, data about the customer, about
product, about salespersons etc. must be stored and
processed.
• Definition:
“ TPS is the computerised system that
perform and record the daily routine
transaction necessary to conduct a
business.”
“TPS is a type of information system that
collects, stores, modifies and retrieves
transaction of an organization.”
Examples of important TPS
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Payroll Processing
Order Processing
Inventory System
Invoicing System (Price catalogues)
Accounts receivable systems
Purchasing systems
Accounts payable systems
General ledger systems.
General areas where TPS is used
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ATM
Airlines Reservation
E-Payroll Processing
Any ticket reservation.
Types of Transaction Processing
1. Batch transaction processing:
In this information is gathered but not
processed immediately. Processing may be done
on daily, weekly or monthly basis.
Example: invoice or cheque processing in a bank.
2. OLTP (Online transaction processing)
or Real time transaction processing:
Here transaction is processed immediately
and operator has access to online database.
In other words input device is directly linked to
the TPS and data are processed as soon as it is
entered into the system.
Example: Withdrawal from an ATM.
Steps in Processing a Transaction
Enter data
Validate data
Process data
Generate Output
Process Inquiries
Advantages (Features) of TPS
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Fast Performance
Continuously Availability
Ease of Use
Database availability
Data hiding
Modular growth
Sharing among many users
Data integrity
Disadvantages of TPS
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Chance of double booking
Processing schedule is predetermined
Problem in sorting the transactions
No possibility of error correction.
MANAGEMENT
INFORMAION SYSTEM (MIS)
Meaning: MIS or Management Information System,
are used to manage the data created within
organization for providing information, to support the
operations and to ease the management analysis
and decision making functions in an organizations.
In other words, “The information system developed
to provide accurate, timely and relevant information
that helps managers in effective decision making
are known as Management Information System.
Examples of MIS:
1.Personnel Information Systems
2.Marketing Information Systems
3.Sales Information Systems.
4. Production and Operations Information
Systems.
Primary users of MIS are middle and top
management.
MIS is used after TPS as shown in
diag.
Summary
Reports
Transaction
data
TPS
MIS
Exception
Reports
Input sources of MIS
• Plan or Policies: It contains different types of
strategies and financial plan to achieve the goal.
• Transaction Processing System : It contains
information from every transactions likePayroll,Inventory Control, Order Processing and
accounts etc.
• External Sources: Such as Annual reports,
Financial statements of competitors and general
news items.
Output Source of MIS
• 1.Scheduled Reports: Management can take report
periodically such as daily, weekly, and monthly basis.
• 2.Summary Report: Here MIS provide Key activities
such as previous day critical activities at the beginning of
each day.
• 3.Demand report: Here MIS provide information on
demand or request of managers.
• 4. Exception Report: Sometimes MIS takes the decision
on the basis of available information and automatically
produced the report when a situation is unusual or
requires management action urgently.
Objectives of MIS
• 1.Helpful in decision making
• 2. Provide planning and control tools
• 3. Provide right information to the right
manager at the right time.
• 4. Create the process of communication
• 5. Provide complete system
• 6. Maintenance of centralised data
• 7.Less processing time
• 8. Helpful to managers to compare results
• 9. Tabular and graphical reports.
• 10. Easy to access data
MIS Characteristics or
What quality should be in ideal MIS
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1. Flexibility
2.Reliability
3. Simplicity
4. Economical
5. Helpfulness
6. Consistency
7. Management – oriented
8. Management – directed
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9. Integrated
10. Common data flows
11. Heavy planning element
12. Sub-system concept
13. Common data base
14. Computerised
15. Exception based
16. Relevance
17. Brevity
18. Accuracy
Problems of MIS (Limitations)
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Highly sensitive
Not qualitative
Not perfect substitute
Not flexible
Not universal
Ignores the non-quantitative factors
Not more effective in special
circumstances.