Transcript Thermal Treatment of Waste by Dr. Ken Macken

IPPC and Industry
By
Dr. Ken Macken
Dublin Regional Licensing Manager
Requirements of IPPC Directive
(96/61/EC) - 1
 All the appropriate preventive measures are taken
against pollution, in particular through application
of best available techniques (BAT);
BATNEEC under EPA Act

The Best Available Technology Not Entailing Excessive Costs shall be construed as
meaning the provision and proper maintenance, use, operation and supervision of
facilities which, having regard to all the circumstances, are the most suitable for the
purposes.

Regard shall be had to—
 ( a ) in the case of an activity other than an established activity—
 (i) the current state of technical knowledge,
 (ii) the requirements of environmental protection, and
 (iii) the application of measures for these purposes, which do not entail excessive
costs, having regard to the risk of significant environmental pollution which, in the
opinion of the Agency exists;
 ( b ) in any other case, in addition to the matters specified in paragraph (a)—
 (i) the nature, extent and effect of the emission concerned,
 (ii) the nature and age of the existing facilities connected with the activity and the
period during which the facilities are likely to be used or to continue in operation, and
 (iii) the costs which would be incurred in improving or replacing the facilities referred
to in subparagraph (ii) in relation to the economic situation of activities of the class
concerned.
BAT under IPPC Directive

Best Available Techniques shall mean the most effective and advanced
stage in the development of activities and their methods of operation
which indicate the practical suitability of particular techniques for
providing in principle the basis for emission limit values designed to
prevent and, where that is not practicable, generally to reduce
emissions and the impact on the environment as a whole:
- 'techniques` shall include both the technology used and the way in
which the installation is designed, built, maintained, operated and
decommissioned,
- 'available` techniques shall mean those developed on a scale which
allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under
economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration
the costs and advantages, whether or not the techniques are used or
produced inside the Member State in question, as long as they are
reasonably accessible to the operator,
- 'best` shall mean most effective in achieving a high general level of
protection of the environment as a whole.
Bref and Seville
 The European IPPC Bureau has been
established in Seville to undertake publication
of BAT Reference (Bref ) guidance documents
for the various industrial sectors covered by
the IPPC Directive.
 To date guidance has been finalised for about
12 sectors with a further 20 sectors planned
or underway.
 These can be found at http://eippcb.jrc.es/
Requirements of IPPC Directive
(96/61/EC) - 1
 All the appropriate preventive measures are taken
against pollution, in particular through application
of best available techniques (BAT);
 No significant pollution is caused;
 Waste production is avoided in accordance with
Council Directive 75/442/EEC; where waste is
produced, it is recovered or, where that is
technically and economically impossible, it is
disposed of while avoiding or reducing any impact
on the environment;
Requirements of IPPC Directive
(96/61/EC) - 2
 Energy is used efficiently;
 The necessary measures are taken to prevent
accidents and limit their consequences;
 The necessary measures are taken upon definitive
cessation of activities to avoid any pollution risk
and return the site of operation to a satisfactory
state.
Requirements of IPPC Directive What the permit must include - 1
 Measures to ensure that the installation is operated
using BAT, meets any relevant EQS and is operated in
accordance with the obligations on the operator
outlined in Article 3 above.
 Measures to take account of any relevant matters in
an EIS.
 ELV’s (and/or equivalent parameters or other
technical measures) for those pollutants where
significant quantities are likely to be emitted, in
particular those substances listed in Annex  of the
Directive.
Requirements of IPPC Directive What the permit must include - 2
 ELV’s are to be based on BAT having regard to the location
of the installation and the state of the local environment. In
all circumstances the conditions of the permit shall contain
provisions on the minimisation of long-distance or
transboundary pollution and ensure a high level of protection
for the environment as a whole.
 A suitable monitoring programme for emissions that will
detail the frequency and methodology used and an
obligation to supply data to the competent authority.

Arrangements for emergencies and incidents to ensure safe
shut down of installation.
 Any other conditions that the competent authority considers
necessary.
Energy Conditions - 1
 9.1
The licensee shall carry out an audit of the
energy efficiency of the site within one year of the
date of commencement of site activities. The
licensee shall consult with the Agency on the
nature and extent of the audit and shall develop an
audit programme to the satisfaction of the Agency.
The audit programme shall, as a minimum, identify
opportunities for energy use reduction and
efficiency.
Energy Conditions - 2
 9.2
The audit programme shall be submitted to
the Agency in writing at least one month before
the audit is to be carried out. A copy of the audit
report shall be available on-site for inspection by
authorised persons of the Agency and a summary
of the audit findings shall be submitted as part of
the Annual Environmental Report. The energy
efficiency audit shall be repeated at intervals as
required by the Agency.
What Will Happen
 DOELG will publish EPA Amendment soon.
 Some new sectors/types of activity will require
licenses.
 Most existing IPC licenses will require revision.
 Deadline: 30 October 2007.
Miscellaneous
 Kyoto
 Carbon trading and taxes
 National Ceilings
 SO2, NOx, NH3 and VOCs
 National Plans under LCP and Solvents Directives
 Waste Incineration Directive
 Revisions to existing licences
 Requirements for waste to energy plant