Transcript Slide 1

Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Intensified Contact Hitting Areas!
End lines & Sidelines
Dodges
Shooting Zone10-12 yards out
CREASE AREAS
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
The Technical Fouls (Pushing, Holding, Warding off, Illegal
offensive screening, interference, withholding ball)
Fouls that cause an unfair advantage!
Vs.
The HEAVY/ VIOLENT FOULS (Personal Fouls: UR , IBC,
Cross Checking, Tripping, Slashing)
Fouls that present a Safety issue!
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
TECHINCAL FOULS NFHS RULE 6
 Technical fouls are those of a less serious nature
than Personal fouls and include all violations of the
rules of the game except Personal fouls.
 Some Technical fouls are closely associated with
Personal Fouls! [Pushing, Holding, Conduct….IBC,
UR, Cross Checking, Tripping, Unsportsmanlike
conduct.
 The penalty for Technical fouls depends on
whether the offended team has possession of the
ball!
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Reviewing Technical Fouls
 Technical fouls are those of a less serious nature
than Personal fouls and include all violations of
the rules of the game except Personal fouls.
[Interference, Illegal offensive screening, with
holding ball from play, stalling]
 Some Technical fouls are closely associated with
Personal Fouls!
 Reviewing personal fouls: Slashing, Illegal
equipment, illegal crosse, ejection and fouling
out.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
PERSONAL FOULS NFHS RULE 5
 Personal fouls are those of a serious nature.
They include: illegal body checking, slashing,
crosse checking, tripping, unnecessary
roughness, unsportsmanlike conduct and use
of an illegal crosse.
 The penalty for a personal foul is 1 to 3
minutes depending on the severity of the
foul.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
TECHNICAL FOULS
Penalty Enforcement
If the ball is loose, there should be a Play-On, and if the offended team does not
gain possession, they are awarded the ball at the spot where the ball is– if
inside the attack area--- then move laterally outside attack area.
If the team that has possession commits a technical foul, there is an immediate
whistle and the ball is awarded to the opposing team at the spot or outside the
attack area.
If Team A has possession and Team B commits a technical foul (other than goalie
interference or crease violations) the Flag down, Slow-Whistle (FDSW) technique is
used. If Team A does not score a goal during the FDSW situation, then the player
committing the foul will serve a 30-second penalty.
If the ball was blown dead in the offended team’s defensive half, they will be
awarded ball just over midfield (Free Clear)
If blown dead in the team’s offensive half, the ball is awarded at the spot or
laterally outside the attack area closest to where the ball was.
If the offended team A scores a goal during the flag down situation, then the
technical foul penalty is wiped out by the goal. Wave flag overhead and reaffirm goal is good.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
TECHNICAL FOULS
Advantage / Disadvantage
Difficult part is determining which fouls to call
and which to ignore.
The best idea is that you should call:
 Fouls that present a Safety issue (most personal
fouls) MUST BE CALLED!
 Fouls that you MUST CALL to maintain PROPER
BEHAVIOR (Conduct fouls & Unsportsmanlike
conduct fouls)
 Fouls that are abjectly obvious to everyone (line
violations such as crease and off sides)
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 Technical fouls that disadvantage the fouled team
or create an unfair advantage for the fouling team
 This last item is the most difficult to explain:
 Suppose A1 is running down the field clearing the
ball and B1 pushes him from behind , making him
stumble but not fall or loose possession of the
ball. There’s no need to call a foul. However if
exactly the same thing happens and the push
causes A1 to go Out of bounds, Off-sides, step
into the crease, move past the goal making him
miss a scoring opportunity, loose possession or
the push comes after A1 shoots or passes and the
push was not a violent hit (IBC); Call the technical
foul.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
TPOAD (The Principle of Advantage Disadvantage)
Advantage/disadvantage is best left to "judgment" calls,
not to clear rule infractions. Judgment calls you can
always say "Hey, it was my call and I don't think it was a
push". You cannot say "Hey, B1 was clearly 5 feet over the
line, but I'm not going to call it this time".
Applying TPOAD is important in lacrosse because it
keeps the game moving. If you called everything that
was technically a rules violation even if there was no
advantage gained, a high school game would take 2.5
hours.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
NOT VIOLENT
NOT VIOLENT
MORE VIOLENT
MORE VIOLENT
OVERLY
AGGRESSIVE
OVERLY
AGGRESSIVE
OVER THE LINE
AGGRESSIVE
OVER THE LINE
AGGRESSIVE
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Pushing or Illegal Body Check or Unnecessary Roughness
Illegal pushing includes pushing an opponent from the rear, pushing an
opponent who is neither in possession or within 5 yards of a loose ball,
pushing with anything other than a closed hand, shoulder or forearm or
with a free hand not on the crosse. Pushing is legal when done from the
front or side when the opponent has possession or within 5 yards of a loose
ball.
 Look for both hands on crosse and gloved hands together. Pushing is
considered to be force applied after contact is made. If it’s a violent blow
(Punching) it should be a personal foul for IBC (Illegal Body check) or UR
(unnecessary roughness).
 PUSHING with hands apart using the shaft is a Personal foul: Cross Check,
or throwing a forearm shiver with a free arm is an IBC. Anything too
violent could be an intent to injure and be unsportsmanlike and made nonreleasable.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 We have to get pushing from rear on sidelines trying to
force an opponent OOB (out of bounds), same on end
lines, pushing in rear to shove an opponent over midfield
line offside or pushing into crease.
 If opponent gets pushed from rear and stumbles, losing
ball or pushed past a good angle when shooting on the
goal, throw the flag.
• Also after a shooter releases a shot or pass and his
defender shoves, pushes from the rear or side after the
ball is greater than 5 yards away from the shooter and
the shove/ push is not violent but causes the shooter to
fall to ground or stumble badly: call a Play- On, loose ball
push or interference if the check was from front or side
and give the ball back to the shooter’s team. If the hit
was real late and violent call IBC or UR.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 Illegal Body Check (IBC) Rule 5 Section 3
1) Body checking of an opponent who is not
in possession of the ball or within five
yards of a loose ball.
2) Avoidable body check of an opponent
after he has passed or shot the ball.
3) Body checking of an opponent from the
rear or at or below the waist
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Illegal Body Check (IBC) Rule 5 Section 3
4. Body checking of an opponent by a player in which contact
is made above the shoulders. The initial contact shall
determine whether a body check is legal– spinning or
ducking player!
5. To be legal such a body check shall be below the neck and
both hands of the player applying the check shall remain in
contact with his crosse—No one armed shivers!
6. Body checking of an opponent who has any part of his
body other then his feet on the ground.
7. Blocking of an opponent with the head or initiating contact
with the head (spearing) Minimum of a one-minute nonreleaseable penalty will be accessed for spearing.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
IBC
[1] You are body checking a passer or shooter and, at the moment of contact,
you are more than 5 yards from the ball. If the player has thrown a pass / shot
at 30 mph (not a particularly fast pass), then the ball is traveling 44 feet per
second. Therefore, you have about 1/3 of a second from the release of the pass
or shot (a little longer than the blink of an eye) to complete the bodycheck,
otherwise, your big hit will be penalized for being late.
[2] You are body checking someone who has set a legal pick on you and you
knew that the pick was there. If you steamrolled him anyway, then your big hit
is unnecessary roughness. (The same would be true if the opponent was
standing under a buddy pass, waiting for it to come to earth.)
[3] You are sliding to cover a potential shooter and you make contact before
the ball is within 5 yards. If the feeder fakes a pass, the feeder passes to
someone else, the pass is wild or the pass is knocked down by your teammate,
then this body check is illegal.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
IBC
[4] Your timing is good, but you took a 5 or 10 yard run at your
opponent; in this case, you could be penalized for unnecessary
roughness.
[5] You have only one hand on your crosse. Hockey and football
players make this mistake sometimes.
[6] Your body check makes a loud sound and your opponent
goes flying. Many officials will flag this for unnecessary
roughness, under the theory that body checking is allowed to
take an opponent out of the play, but not to take him out of
the game. This judgment depends a lot upon the level of play,
with collegiate players being allowed to hit harder than junior
high school players.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
IBC
 So we have team A and team B. And player A and player B.
Team A is dominating team B in face-offs the whole game.
Then team B sends out player B, a gigantor defender to take
the face-offs. After lining up for the faceoff player A clamps the
ball, but player B stands up, gets on the balls of his feet and
decks player A and doesn't even attempt a clamp. Is this illegal
or just unethical?
 As long as he hits Team A's player between his waist and
shoulders in the front it's legal, which is hard if Team A
attempts a clamp, because he's bent over. I would call loose
ball push if he extends his arms.
 Also if either of his gloved hands is touching the ground it’s
illegal body check. Body checking an opponent who has any
part of his body other than his feet in contact with the ground
is illegal. NCAA 5-4-d; NFHS 5-3-5
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unnecessary Roughness (Rule 5 Section 8)
1) An Excessively Violent infraction of the rules against holding and
pushing
2) Deliberate and Excessively Violent contact made by a defensive
player against an offensive player who has established a screening
position.
3) Any avoidable act on the part of a player that is Deliberate and
Excessively Violent, whether with the body or the crosse. May
include a legal body check
4) A check delivered with the gloved hand or hands may not be
delivered with Punching Blow.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unnecessary Roughness
The NFHS rulebook uses words that are subject to a lot of
interpretation by the official. The rules for Unnecessary
Roughness (Rule 5-8-3) use the words "an avoidable act...that is
deliberate AND excessively violent.....may include a legal body
check". In other words, if the official believes that the body
check ("hit") as you describe it was unnecessary in order to gain
possession of the ball, then he could call UR.
Experience is that officials are not always in agreement with
the interpretation of these words. In our KLOA Association, we
should go by the rule of thumb "you can take someone out of
the play, but you can't take him out of the game". It seems to
work pretty well.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unnecessary Roughness
Also in the high school rules, (Rule 5-8, Situation C) the rulebook adds the
word "vulnerable". Although, again, this word is subject to a lot of
interpretation by the official, it is specifically meant to protect the safety
of players who are not expecting to be body-checked. The rulebook
mentions two specific situations where this "vulnerability" is likely to
occur. First is the "buddy pass“ in 5.8 situation C, and the second situation
is when a player is entering the field of play from either the penalty box or
the special substitution box (5.8 situation D & E). Since the player's entry
onto the field may not be expected by his participating opponent, he
could be considered vulnerable.
Can a player released from the box, immediately body check an
opponent? No
Can you body check an opponent who is the recipient of a buddy pass?
No
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unnecessary Roughness
In applying this vulnerability rule, we can sometimes
include a third situation not mentioned specifically in the
rulebook but ties into UR. That is, a player with his head
down, scooping a ground ball. This player could be
considered "vulnerable" and the UR rules would apply.
Again, the check would have to be "avoidable" and this
word is a very difficult word to define. You can be pretty
certain that if you really clobber somebody that is trying
to pick up the ball and has his head down doing it, you
stand a very good chance of being called for unnecessary
roughness.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
UR
 I've called UR in high school games when a player in possession
who is smallish/relatively unskilled is "legally" checked
"unnecessarily" hard by a larger more athletic player,
particularly if the hit is well away from the goal.
However, I temper the flag with the distance from the goal.
I use the Solar System analogy with the goal being the sun. I'll
throw the flag at Pluto but not at Mercury. "The closer you get
to the sun, the hotter it gets!“
 Any act on the part of a player that is deliberate and excessively
violent, whether it be with the body or crosse.“ NFHS goes on to
explicitly say that this may include a body check which is
otherwise legal.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
I don't really like the idea of calling plays differently based on the relative
size of the player. Being big is an advantage in a contact sport.
This is a frequent objection, but it holds no water. If you're bigger, you can
easily knock people down and separate them from the ball. That's an
inherent advantage of being bigger.
You cannot, however, use your additional size to attempt to injure the
smaller player. If you're hitting that player significantly harder than is
necessary to put him on the ground and separate him from the ball, then
it's unnecessary roughness.
Don't think the UR rule puts larger players at a disadvantage, it just
requires them to use some discretion.
If you get the sense that the larger more athletic player is more interested
in delivering a vicious blow than procuring the ball, I flag it as being
unnecessarily rough.
Correct me if I'm wrong, but I'm pretty sure there's no rule in NCAA or
NHFS that addresses "leaving the feet" when hitting someone> no but i
consider leaving one's feet to meet one of my requisites for the
"unnecessary" aspect of UR
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Cross Checking Rule 5 Section 2
A player may not check his opponent with his
crosse in crosse-check position. That is, a
check with that part of his handle of the crosse
that is between the player’s hands, either by
thrusting away from the body or by holding it
extended from the body.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 What is the difference between a cross check and
a cross check hold.
 EXPLANATION: The cross check is a blow, one
that “bends the spine.” You asses a one minute
foul as this can cause injury. (See above: bending
the spine.) The cross check hold is a maneuver
which takes the “player’s move away.” The first
presents a physical threat to the ball carrier. The
second should not lead to injury but it will alter the
outcome of the game.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Tripping Rule 5 Section 7
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Tripping Rule 5 Section 7
 A player may not trip a player with any part of his body or
crosse.
 Tripping is obstructing an opponent at or below the waist
with the crosse, hands, arms, feet or legs, by any
POSITIVE PRIMARY ACTION if the obstructing player is on
his feet or by any secondary action when the player is not
on his feet.
 When a player legally checks the crosse of an opponent
and he result is to cause the opponent to trip over his own
crosse, No Foul has been committed. Same No FOUL
when a player is attempting to scoop a loose ball and
opponent trips over the crosse.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Holding NFHS Rule 6 Section 3
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
NFHS Rule 6 Section 3 Holding
Art. 1.. A player shall not impede the movement of an opponent or his crosse
Art. 2. A player may not:
1. Use the portion of the handle that is between his hands to hold an opponent
2. Step on the crosse of an opponent
3. Hold an opponent with his crosse
4. Hold or pin an opponent’s crosse against the body of the opponent with his
crosse.
Art. 3. Holding is permitted under the following conditions:
1. An opponent with possession of the ball or within 5 yards of a loose ball
maybe held from the front or side
2. An opponent with possession of the ball maybe played with a hold check from
the rear if the hold exerts no more than equal pressure. For both (a) and (b) a
hold check shall be done with either closed hand, shoulder or forearm and
both hands shall be on the crosse.
A player may hold the crosse of an opponent with his crosse when that
opponent has possession of the ball.
A player within 5 yards of a loose ball may hold the crosse of his opponent
with his own crosse.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Holding
 A player can’t hold a player’s body with his stick, free
hand or leg.
 Stick-to-stick and body-to-body contact is sometimes
legal.
 Stick-to-body and body-to-stick contact is never legal
(that doesn't mean it's called every time--TPOAD and all-but it's never legal).
 Player must be close to player in possession and have
both hands on crosse using shoulder or forearm or hands
held close together to apply equal pressure (not a punch
which could be violent of personal foul nature).
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
SITUATIONS and RULINGS on HOLDING
A1 is within five yards of a loose ball. B1 holds A1’s crosse with his crosse, preventing A1 from participating
in the play.
RULING: Legal hold.
A1 has the ball in his possession.
a) A1 has his crosse held by B1’s crosse which prevents him from performing his normal function.
RULING: Legal hold.
b) B1 holds A1’s crosse against A1’s body, restraining A1’s movement.
RULING: Holding by B1.
c) B2, with gloved hand over end of the crosse, is exerting equal pressure from the rear against A1, thus
preventing him from advancing toward goal.
RULING: Legal Play.
d) B1, with gloved hand over end of the crosse, is exerting pressure sure from the
rear against A1. B1 exerts enough pressure to force A1 to move away from goal.
RULING: Technical foul against B1. Only equal pressure may be used.
6. A1 takes a post position and holds his crosse in front of him
a) with the head of the crosse resting on the ground. A2 cuts around A1, and B2, pursuing A2, falls over A1’s
crosse. RULING: Technical foul against A1, illegal screening position.
b) extended in front of him. A2 cuts around A1, and B2, pursuing A2, runs into the extended crosse and is
held back by A1 ‘s crosse.
RULING: Technical foul against A1, holding.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Warding Off NFHS Rule 6 Section 11
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Warding Off NFHS Rule 6 Section 11
The player in possession of the ball may not use his free hand or
other part of his body to hold, push, or otherwise control the
direction or movement of his opponent’s crosse or body of the
player applying the check. A player in possession may protect his
crosse with his hand, arm or other part of his body when his
opponent makes a play to check his crosse.
Remember the player must be in possession for a ward.
MECHANIC: “Advantage and Disadvantage.” Coaches are going to
scream regardless, so you should learn how to ignore them. But if
the movement gives the offensive player an advantage, then you
should make the call.
If a defender puts the head of his stick under an offensive player’s arm and the
offensive player lifts his arm over the defender’s stick, that does not constitute a
WARD unless he subsequently uses that arm to push or direct the defender’s crosse.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Warding Off
 If you body check a player when you have the
ball, they obviously don't have it and aren't
within 5 yards of a loose ball. That makes it
technically an illegal body check.
 This is typically not called, but when you
initiate helmet contact, well, that typically is
called
in other words, and at the very least, you could
be called for warding off....although depending
upon the severity of the contact IBC or even UR
are optional.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Warding Off NFHS Rule 6 Section 11
"Playing with the free hand" is not a phrase used in
the rules at the NCAA or NFHS level.
You can play with one hand off the stick.
However, you can't really do much with that hand off
the stick (it ends up being an illegal push or hold or a
ward in most cases), and in fact even if you aren't
using the hand it makes some actions illegal (a body
check, push, or hold with one hand on the stick is
automatically illegal even if it would otherwise be
legal with both hands on the stick).
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
A quick guide for new(er) officials that
was passed down to me was: the
attacker has the right to untangle
himself from the defender's stick, but
he can't use his arm to move/push/etc
the stick or block a check
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 HOLDING or WARDING
 To often the long stick goes under the attackers arm and the
defender lifts the attacking players arm - most of the time there is
no call from the official (albeit several warding calls from sideline) - I
think that officials as a group need to start calling a hold when this
defensive action impedes the movement of his opponent.
 warding is defined by a couple of words, "controls the opponents
crosse". When officials looked for that, not just an arm moving there
is no problem with making the correct call.
 if the defender gets his stick under the arm and the attacker lifts his
arm away - it is NOT a ward - despite the cacophony of "warding!"
calls it elicits from the sidelines and stands.
At the time this interaction is occurring, you need to make sure that
the defender doesn't lift and pull back on the arm (holding) and that
the attackman doesn't clamp down on the defender's stick (holding).
 It's just one of the humorous things I see and hear on the field, the
tolerance level for various fouls. Warding is one of the lowest
tolerance fouls out there, and everyone thinks they know how to call
it.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 You must have possession to ward. Using
your arm to hold off a stick check by an
opponent in a loose ball situation is holding.
"A player shall not impede the movement of
an opponent or his crosse. [The rule then
provides for exceptions not applicable here]“
 It most likely is either holding or pushing. You
cannot impede (hold) or push an opposing
player unless both hands are on the crosse.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Holding or Not
If, however, the defender makes no effort to remove his
stick from the entanglement, and he "lifts" the arm in such a
way as to impede the free movement of the offensive
player, this is an easy call and a flag will be thrown.
I guess my inclination is to call it a hold if the attacker is
disadvantaged, even if the entanglement was unintentional,
since the entanglement is the result of an action initiated by
the defender
The defender most the time is not still making contact with
the stick. He simply has the attackers arm (now off the stick)
hooked and held. The defender is lifting the arm - the
attacker is trying to get his arm away but because the
defender continues to forcibly lift the arm the attacker can
not get it away and therefore is not free to move as he
wants.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unsportsmanlike Conduct or Behavior
NFHS Rule 5 Section 9
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unsportsmanlike Conduct or Behavior
NFHS Rule 5 Section 9
No player, substitute, non-playing member of a squad, coach or
anyone officially connected with a competing team shall:
1.
Enter in an argument with an official as to any decision that has
been made or in any way attempt to influence the decision of the
official.
2.
Use threatening, profane, or obscene language or gestures at any
time during the game.
3.
Bait or call attention to oneself, or any other act considered
unsportsmanlike by the officials.
 Penalty to above items 1-3 minutes Non-Releaseable penalties in
all cases
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Unsportsmanlike Conduct or Behavior Cont’d
No player, substitute, non-playing member of a squad, coach
or anyone officially connected with a competing team shall:
1. Repeatedly committing the same technical foul
2. A player deliberately failing to return to the field after leaving
the field of play while a legal player in the game.
3. As a substitute, deliberately fail to comply with the rules for
entering the field of play.
 Penalty to above items 1-3 minutes releaseable penalties in
all cases
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
NFHS Rule 6 Section 6 Conduct Foul
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
NFHS Rule 6 Section 6 Conduct Foul
 Conduct only applies to objecting to
Official’s decisions, (not taunting or foul
language) or Coaches leaving the coaches
area or players leaving bench area
(coming onto the field to argue)
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls



1.
2.
3.
4.
The Conduct Foul
The rules do allow for a conduct foul against a player who
argues, objects or gesture to calls or non-calls.
Call the conduct foul and take the ball away if the
infraction is apparent but not worthy of a one minute
non-releasable foul?
Escalating Steps on Conduct situations: Call
Conduct foul while team has possession, take ball away.
Conduct foul : time serving 30 second technical foul
Unsportsmanlike Conduct personal foul: 1-3 minutes nonreleasable.
2nd Unsportsmanlike Conduct foul and ejection: 3 minutes
non-releasable
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
If the youngster acts the part of the fool,
call him for a one minute non-releasable
foul. But do not be baited by his
subsequent actions. Let the coach get him
on the bench and try to settle him down
before assessing a second, and final, foul
resulting in ejection
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Good Officiating tips to live by:
 “Proper Preparation Prevents Poor
Performance”
 “If you are not getting better - you
must be getting worse.”
 “It is not who you are - it is who
people think you are.”
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Slashing
Rule 5 Section 6
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Slashing
Rule 5 Section 6
1) Swinging a crosse at an opponent’s crosse or body
with DELIBERATE VICIOUSNESS or RECKLESS
ABANDON, regardless of whether the opponent’s
crosse or body is struck.
REMEMBER : DELIBERATE VICIOUSNESS
or RECKLESS ABANDON
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Slashing
Rule 5 Section 6
2. Striking an opponent in an attempt to
dislodge the ball from his crosse, where
the player attempts to protect his crosse,
uses some part of his body to ward off the
thrust of the defensive player's crosse and
as a result, the defensive player’s crosse
strikes some part of the attacking player’s
body other than his neck or head.
(missed the crosse and hit body)
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Slashing
Rule 5 Section 6
3) Striking an opponent in any part of the
face, neck, chest, back, shoulders, groin
or on the head with the crosse (including
its but head), except when done by a
player in the act of passing, shooting or
scooping the ball. Player’s gloved hand
shall be considered part of the crosse.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Slashing v. Holding
 Stick-to-stick and body-to-body contact is
sometimes legal.
 Stick-to-body and body-to-stick contact is
never legal (that doesn't mean it's called
every time--TPOAD and all--but it's never
legal).
REMEMBER : DELIBERATE VICIOUSNESS or
RECKLESS ABANDON ESPECIALLY ON WRAP
CHECKS AND RIDING ATTACKMAN SWINGS
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 How legal are Ice pick checks? and if they are, what defines an
illegal ice pick and what defines a legal one? What do refs look for
to determine the legality of the check in question?
 An Ice Pick is a type of over-the-head check that uses the butt
end of the shaft to either dislodge the ball from the stick of to hit
the shaft. You can do it with a d-pole to but its quite difficult.
 As with a one-handed wrap-around check, there must be no
holding or pushing with the free hand. As with any other stick
check, there must be no contact with the attacker's head, neck,
shoulders, back, etc.
1) It is easy to be called for "holding" if you don't release the
check quickly enough.
2) Some players use the ice pick with one hand on the stick and
the other hand on the opponent's body. This can also be
considered "holding".
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
You can play with one hand off the stick.
However, you can't really do much with that hand
off the stick (it ends up being an illegal push or hold
or a ward in most cases), and in fact even if you
aren't using the hand it makes some actions illegal
(a body check, push, or hold with one hand on the
stick is automatically illegal even if it would
otherwise be legal with both hands on the stick).
On One-handed swings by a riding defender, watch
the free hand for holding.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Humor from crowd: BCF!
(BCF: Brotherhood of Clueless Fans)
 That whacks to the back, legs, arms, etc.
are "just letting them play" - but the
slightest touch on the head brings out
yelps of "slash!!"
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
INTERFERENCE Rule 6 Section 7
NOT VIOLENT
MORE VIOLENT
OVERLY
AGGRESSIVE
OVER THE LINE
AGGRESSIVE
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
INTERFERENCE Rule 6 Section 7
 A player shall not interfere in any manner
with the free movement of an opponent,
except when that opponent has possession of
the ball, the ball is in flight and within 5 yards
of the players, or both players are within 5
yards of a loose ball.
 Remember there must be contact
between opposing players for
interference.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
 Examples of INTERFERENCE
• Defensive player bumping into a cutter.
• Checking the crosse of player who is not in possession or within 5 yards of
loose ball
• A player who does not release---and continues to “box out”--- an opponent
after his teammate gains possession of a loose ball
 When should you call interference on or around the crease?
 EXPLANATION: Ask yourself if the defensive maneuver had any impact on
the play. The key issue there is whether the violation occurs at the “point of
attack.” In short, does it create an advantage? Is the violation one which has
an impact on the flow of the game. If it does, throw the flag or blow it dead,
If not, pass on the call.
Point of attack interference, where a cutters being block or held and misses out on
receiving a good pass /feed in the crease area, this should be called.
On Loose ball play look for interference when a player continues to check or box out an
opponent even after his team mate controls possession of the loose ball.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
INTERFERENCE Rulings
 Situation A. A1 attempts to pass to A2, cutting
around crease. Before the ball has left A1’s crosse or is
within 5 yards of A2, goalkeeper B1 checks A2’s
crosse. RULING: Interference by goalkeeper B1.
 Situation B. A1 is running away from B2, who is
playing A2; B2 establishes contact with A1 while
pursuing A2. Is this interference on A1? RULING: Yes,
provided that A1 was moving at time of contact by B2.
 Situation C . A1 runs interference for A2, who has
possession of the ball. A1 runs toward B2, who is
playing A2, but does not establish contact with B2. Is
this interference? RULING: No.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
INTERFERENCE Rulings
 Situation D In a typical weave play, B1 makes contact in
any fashion with A1. Is A1 guilty of a foul (interference)?
RULING: Yes, if B1 definitely was in pursuit of an
opponent. No, if B1 was not in pursuit of an opponent.
 Situation E A1 drops his crosse with the Ball in it. (1) A1
tries to retrieve his crosse. (2) A2 or B1 kicks the crosse
on the ground to try to gain access to the ball. (3) A2 or
B1 uses his crosse to try to gain access to the ball.
RULING: If the ball is stuck in the crosse, immediate
whistle and award the ball to Team B. Otherwise: (a)
Illegal procedure on A1 for participating in the play
without equipment. (b) No foul. (c) No foul.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Illegal Offensive Screening NFHS Rule 6 Section 4
 No offensive player shall move into and must
make contact with a defensive player with the
purpose of blocking a defensive player from the
man he is playing, nor shall the offensive player
hold his crosse rigid or extend his crosse rigid to
impede the normal movements of the defensive
man. If contact is made between offensive and
defensive players as a result of the offensive
player’s setting a screen, the offensive player
shall be stationary before the contact occurs.
 However a player maybe called for an illegal
screening position (e.g. standing with crosse
extended rigid) even if no contact is made with
defender.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Moving Picks and Impeding movement.
 Moving picks and players using the head of the
stick to impede the movement of the defender is
a concern. Officials are instructed to call moving
picks more consistently and pay attention to
players using the head of their sticks to impede
the movement of the defender. The intent is to
eliminate contact or interference with an
extended stick in relation to moving picks
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Illegal Offensive Screening
 One thing you can find interesting is that, when you
watch some NBA basketball recently, you find that
just about every pick they set would be illegal in
lacrosse. They may have had their feet set (I'm not
even convinced of that) but they sure weren't
"motionless"!
I think that may be one reason we get so many
illegal screen calls early in the season: people
transitioning from basketball.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING NFHS Rule 6 Section 10
When should the officials warn a team to “keep the
ball in” the zone?
RULING: Teams shall be warned to “keep it in”
when:
a) it is obvious that a team is keeping the ball from
play, not going to their goal.
b) During the last two minutes of regulation play,
when offensive stalling rules are in effect for the
team that is ahead. When the score is tied,
neither team is forced to keep the ball in the goal
area.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING NFHS Rule 6 Section 10
The stalling warning remains in effect until:
1. A goal is scored
2. Defensive team gains possession of the ball
3. Period ends resulting in a faceoff
*A timeout or a penalty to defensive team does
not end the stall warning!
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING MECHANIC:
The mechanic is important. When coming
up on the final two minutes of the game:
make eye contact with your partner and be
prepared for the situation.. Then lift one
arm up and point the other arm into the
attack area.
The officials shall say “Keep the ball in!”
It is best to repeat this a few times.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
For a delay of game situations not in last 2
minutes, alert your partner (usually the
lead and single-side in 3-man) that you are
going to put the stall on. The signal is arms
crossed in front of your body.
MECHANIC: Try to wait until the team has
the ball at a point behind the goal
(optimum position) or away from any of
the attack area lines. Both officials signal,
Visually and Verbally.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING
Review of the situations where a team can
lose the ball.
RULING: The team will lose the ball if they:
a) Run or throw the ball out of their attackgoal area box.
b) Make a pass, either complete or
incomplete, where the ball leaves the box
c) The player is legally checked out of the
area with possession of the ball.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING
When can the offensive team lose the ball outside the
attack-goal area and Retain possession?
RULING: The offensive team will retain possession of the
ball if:
a) They shoot the ball and it leaves the attack-goal area as a result.
b) Their pass is deflected by the defensive team.
c) A loose ball results and the ball is directed out of the box by the
defensive team.
(Suggestion* Basketball referees use the basic guidelines
for back court violations and OOB passes. TIP Signal )
SITUATION: Team A is leading by one goal and has a player
serving a non releasable foul during the last two minutes
of the game. Is A required to “keep it in” the goal area?
RULING: Yes.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
STALLING MECHANIC
What is the proper mechanic for suspending play on this kind of
situation?
Do not penalize the defensive team. If the ball comes loose, look
at the play and ask if there is an opportunity for the defense to
gain an advantage in a transition setting. Note* Allow the
defense a chance to pick the ball up. If the defender does not get
it clean, kill the play and award possession. If the defense is going
to pick the ball up, and there is a player waiting to check the ball
out of his stick, kill the play and award the ball. However, in some
cases, the defensive player picks up the loose ball and carries it
for a few steps. Then he is checked and the drops free. This is a
loose ball. Time left plays into whether to kill quickly.
Where should the ball start on a Restart after a shot on goal?
MECHANIC: If the offensive team is going to be placed at a
disadvantage, which would occur if the ball were put into play
at the corner of the box in the final two minutes, start the ball
outside the area.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
WITH HOLDING BALL From PLAY NFHS Rule 6 Section 12
When a loose ball is on the ground, a player shall not lie on
the ball, trap it with his crosse longer than is necessary for
him to control the ball and pick it up with one continuous
motion, or withhold the ball from play in any other
manner.
A player, players or team shall not deliberately withhold
the ball from play. Repeated actions of this nature shall be
ruled unsportsmanlike conduct.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
WITH HOLDING BALL From PLAY
When a ball is lodged in a player’s equipment, or when it is
caught in his crosse, what guidelines affects the official’s
decision?
RULING: Consider the safety of the player. A ball caught in the
crosse can be dislodged. A ball in his uniform cannot. If the ball
becomes caught in a player’s crosse, the official shall blow the
whistle and immediately award possession to the opposing
team at that spot.
If the ball is caught in a player’s uniform or equipment other
than his crosse, play shall be suspended immediately, and the
ball shall be awarded according to the alternate-possession
rule. PLAYER SAFETY COMES FIRST!
Does this situation apply to the goalkeeper?
RULING: No. Neither situation applies to a designated
goalkeeper if he is within his goal crease area at the time the
ball becomes stuck. In this case, a defensive player shall be
awarded the ball outside the goal area.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
Rulings: Define when this is withholding.
a) A loose ball is on the ground, and the player lies on the ball.
RULING: Technical foul.
b) Trap the ball in his crosse longer than is necessary for him to control
the ball (happens frequently on Face-Offs) and pick it up with one
continuous motion. RULING: Technical foul.
c) Places his thumb on the ball. RULING: Technical foul.
d) A1, with possession of ball, is dodging B1, and he slides his upper
glove hand above handle and onto the head of the crosse so that the
thumb of the glove is touching the frame of the stop. RULING:
Withholding ball from play, technical foul.
There is a loose ball in crease and
a) the goalkeeper covers it with his crosse and draws back to scoop it all
in a continuous motion (tennis pickup). RULING: Legal.
b) Team B goalkeeper covers ball with his crosse and makes no apparent
effort to draw back and pick it up. RULING: Withholding ball from
play. Ball awarded to Team A.
Personal Fouls and Technical Fouls
WITH HOLDING BALL From PLAY
How do you see the with holding violation and still
officiate the game?
MECHANIC: Watch the player’s hand and thumb when
he catches the ball. If it is on plastic, look for a
violation. If it is an inch or two down, he is fine. Look
to the defender and referee the game.
Is there any key to seeing the violation for “placing
the ball against your chest?”
Note *The key is the roll dodge. The player will put the
ball on his chest on the second roll. He is losing his
balance and withholds for advantage.
Personal Foul Illegal Equipment
Illegal Equipment Rule 5-5
 A player may not use equipment that does
not conform to specifications.
 Fingers / palms of player’s hands must be
completely covered by his gloves and not
altered to compromise protective features.
 Use of illegal equipment non-releaseable
foul.
Personal Foul Illegal Equipment
 Player Equipment Rule 1 Section 9 Art. 3
 "... Play shall be suspended immediately if a player loses any of the
required equipment in a scrimmage area. Otherwise, the official shall delay
the whistle but not drop the flag, in the same manner as set forth in Rule 78." (7-8 is slow whistle technique). This is for players who were properly
equipment and then lost some piece of required equipment, except crosse,
in the scrimmage area.
 Rule 6.7 Situation F A1 drops his crosse, which is not broken, and B1 (a)
accidently steps on or kicks A1’s crosse, (b) intentionally steps on or
otherwise moves A1’s crosse to try to prevent A1 from recovering it. Ruling:
(a) No foul for kick the crosse because it was not in possession, (b)
Interference on B1.
 Rule 1 sec 9 art 1 details mandatory player equipment. Situation and ruling
player equipment 1.9.1 Situation A and B (page 20) spell out if a player fails
to wear all of the mandatory equipment: One-minute non-releaseable
personal foul. Situation B is for not wearing mouthpiece.
Personal Foul Illegal Crosse
Illegal Crosse Rule 5-4
A player may not use a crosse that does not conform to
required specifications.
 1-3 minute non-releaseable penalties.
 Deep pocket 1 minute non-releaseable (pocket can
be fixed)
 Altered to gain an advantage 3 minute nonreleaseable and the illegal crosse remain at the table
for remainder of game
 * exception: crosse with a double stop, unprotected
butt end
 A broken crosse is considered no crosse
Personal Foul Illegal Crosse
 1.6.2 SITUATION: During an equipment inspection, the
following situations are discovered: (a) the crosse has
two ball stops, (b) the crosse has a ball stop from another
manufacturer, (c) the crosse has no ball stop. RULING:
(a) Illegal. Assess a three-minute, non-releasable penalty.
In (a), the intent of the player was to make it more
difficult for the defender to check the ball free. As a
result, the three-minute penalty is assessed and the stick
may not be used again for the remainder of the game. (b)
No foul. (c) No foul. It is not a requirement for a crosse to
have a ball stop.
Personal Foul Illegal Crosse
CROSSE
DIMENSIONS
Short stick 40-42 inches
Long pole 52-72 inches
Goalie 40-72 inches
Walls </= 2 in. high
Ball stop : NR
Strings < 6 inches
Personal Foul Illegal Crosse
Checking
LEGALITY
of Crosse
Personal Foul Illegal Crosse
Checking
LEGALITY of Crosse
Personal Fouls
FOULING OUT ----- Rule 5-10
Player Accumulating 5
personal fouls regardless of
penalty time.
Personal Fouls
EJECTION FOULS ----- Rule 5-11
A player, coach or anyone officially connected with a team
shall be ejected for:
a. Deliberately striking or attempting to strike anyone or
leaving the bench during an altercation.
b. Use of tobacco or smokeless tobacco
c. Second Non-Releaseable , Unsportsmanlike foul.
d. Any action deemed by the officials to be flagrant
misconduct
Three-minute non-releaseable penalty and
ejection for the remainder of the game.