Transcript Unit One

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(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
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Unit One
Growing Up
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
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• Warm-up Topics
• Objectives
• Cultural Notes
• Main Contents
• Writing Strategy
• Assignment
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
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Objectives
• Students will be able to:
• grasp the main idea and the structure of the text
(narration in chronological sequence);
• appreciate the narrative skills demonstrated in
the text;
• master the key language points and grammatical
structures in the text;
• conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking
and writing activities related to the theme of the
unit.
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What do you think of
growing up?
Growing up
life becomes better as one grows up;
it takes time to grow up;
life is not always what one has planned;
life is full of surprise;
life is not easy;
growing up can be quite an adventure, full of
unexpectedness;
…...
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Cultural Notes
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Grade schools in U. S.
• Third year in high school (para.1)
the eleventh grade (para.9)
 elementary schools
(kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade),
 middle schools (grades 6-8) or junior highs schools
(grades 7-9),
 high schools or secondary school
(grades 9-12 or 10-12).
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The present Education
System in UK
• 1. The British education system is run by the state, which provides
funding, oversees standard, and tried to make sure all British children
receive a quality education.
• 2. Primary and secondary education in the UK is compulsory.
Children between 5 --16 years old are obliged to attend school.
• 3. Children between 5 ---11 go to primary school (state schools; coeducational or mixed schools).
• 4. Children between 11 ---16 go to secondary schools (90% of them
are enrolled to comprehensive schools without reference to their
academic abilities).
• Some children choose to attend grammar schools at the age of 11
through 11plus examination.
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Examinations after the secondary education
• GCSE exams（General •
Certificate of Secondary
Education）:中学毕业证。
英国的义务教育制度到
16岁结束。学生16岁后
分流，一部分选择几门
课进一步深造，通过高
级水平考试，从而获得
进入大学的资格。另一
部分则以多种方式走向
职业技术教育。
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General Certificate of
Education-Advanced: 高级
水平测试结业证书。16岁
的学生通过中学毕业考试
后，想继续深造进高等学
府，必须通过高级水平测
试。从16岁到18岁的两年
里，学生根据自己想读的
大学专业选定数门有关课
程学习，一般选三门。通
过A级水平考试合格者都
可以入大学深造 。
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• Open University-- and open education------ in England it
takes 3 years’ full time study to get the first degree for an
open university learner; 4 years in Scotland. It was founded
in Britain in the 1960s for people who may not get the
opportunity for higher education for economic and social
reasons. It’s open to everybody and doesn’t demand the
same formal educational qualifications as the other
universities. University courses are followed through TV,
radio, correspondence, videos and a network of study
centers. At the end of their studies at the Open University,
successful students are awarded a university degree.
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• 注：Open University 开放大学。对任何
人都开放， 无需学历证明。完成大学的
必修课程后均可拿到大学文凭。开放大
学的特点在于通过电视、广播、录象、
函授等方式为学生提供就地学习的条件。
开放大学不限年龄，最小的不到20岁，
最大的90岁有余，大多在20至40多岁之
间。
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• GNVQ (General National Vocational Qualifications):
• 国家专业资格证书。这一证书是为职业技术学校毕业的
学生设置的，共分5个级别，便于人们按阶梯逐步攀登，
根据自己条件通过实际工作和专业培训又低级想高级发
展。获四级国家专业资格证书想当于学士学位，获五级
相当于研究生水平。
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Spaghetti
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☺Italian-style thin noodle
☺Cooked by boiling, never taste pulpy
☺Served with sauce, not in soup
☺Use fork
point the prongs of the fork
poke the spaghetti,
twirl the fork prongs
scoop, gather up the roll around the prongs
place it in your mouth
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Time words, phrases and clauses in Text A:
since my childhood in Belleville,
until my third year in high school,
until then,
when our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year
English,
late in the year,
until the night before the essay was due,
when I finished,
the next morning,
two days passed,
when I saw him lift my paper from his desk…,
when Mr. Fleagle finished.
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• Task 2:
Refer to the time words/phrases/clauses you have
just circled and tell:
from which point does Baker (the author) start
talking about his new experience?
starting from which paragraph does Baker stop
writing about his new experience?
• Task 3:
Divide the text into 3 parts and sum up the main idea
(page 9, Ex. 2)
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PARTS
1
2
3
PARAGRAPH
S
MAIN IDEAS
1-2
Baker was bored by everything
associated with English courses,
including essay writing
3-5
Baker found himself attracted by
one particular topic and wrote about
it for his own joy.
6-9
The experience of writing the essay
helped him discover his talent for
writing and realized what he wished
to do in life.
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Text Analysis
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Second Reading
• Figure out the main idea
of each paragraph
Focus:
• Details the author
selected to support
the main idea of
each paragraph
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Content Questions
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1. How did Baker used to feel about English
courses?
Until then he had been bored by everything
associated with English. He found English dull
and difficult. He had been bored by the courses.
2. What kind of person was Mr. Fleagle?
He was said to be very formal, rigid and
hopelessly out of date. To Baker Mr. Fleagle
looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively
prim. He seemed a comic antique.
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3. What was the topic that held Baker’s attention?
The art of eating spaghetti.
4. Why did he want to write about the topic?
Because this title produced an extraordinary
sequence of mental images/ brought back vivid
memories.
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5. What was Baker prepared for when he found all
the papers were given back but his?
He was preparing himself for a command to report to
Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline
6. How did the class respond to Baker’s essay titled
“The art of eating spaghetti”?
The entire class was listening attentively with
open-hearted enjoyment.
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
Writing for Myself
PART 1
Baker was bored by
everything associated
with English courses,
including essay writing
1. Baker’s feelings
about English
courses
2. Baker’s
impression of his
new English teacher
PART 2
Baker found himself
attracted by one
particular topic
and wrote about
it for his own joy.
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PART 3
The experience of
writing the essay helped
him discover his talent
for writing and realized
what he wished to do in life.
3. A topic that attracts
Baker’s attention
6. Anticipating
punishment
4. Vivid memories the
title brought back
7. Mr. Fleagle’s
announcement
5. Baker’s sudden
desire to write about
that topic
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8. Classmates’
response to the essay
9. What Baker
discovered
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Language Points
&
Grammar Structure
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1. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and
on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until
my third year in high school that the possibility took
hold. (para.1 )
Ever since I was a child in Belleville, I had thought
of becoming a writer from time to time, but I didn't
make up my mind until I was in the eleventh grade.
从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续
地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才
有了实现的可能。
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• It was not until… that…
Examples:
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I didn’t hear the news until Sunday morning.
It was not until Sunday morning that I heard the news.
Not until Sunday morning did I hear the news.
She didn’t realize it was too late to go home until dark.
It was not until dark that she realized it was too late to go home.
Not until dark did she realize it was too late to go home.
We can't start the job until we have the approval from the
authority concerned.
It was not until we have the approval from the authority concerned
that we can start the job.
Not until we have the approval from the authority concerned can we
start the job.
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3. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out
of date. (para.2)
It was said that he was very formal, rigid and
hopelessly out of date.
据说他拘谨刻板完全落后于时代。
It was said that….  He was said to be….
Turn to page 16, try to do Structure
Exercise 1.
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4. I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr.
Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed.
(para.3)
Note that here is a touch of irony.
I expected that things wouldn't improve with Mr.
Fleagle as our English teacher, and for a long time I
was right in my expectations.
我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无
所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出
所料。
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5. None was quite so simple-minded as “What I did on My
Summer Vocation,” but most seemed to be almost as dull.
(para.3)
as dull as “What I did on My
Summer Vocation”
Compound
adjectives:
simple-minded
Although there
were no
such topics as (Adj.+n.-ed)
foolish as
narrow-minded
strong-minded
“What
I did on My Summer
Vocation,” but most of
double-faced
good-mannered
them
were as boring as
the one I mentioned.
kind-hearted
short-sighted
像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个
也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。
cool-headed
long-armed
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6. This title produced an extraordinary sequence of
mental images.
At the sight of the title I saw an unusual series of
pictures in my mind's eye.
这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的
图像。
Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in
Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper
table.（para.4）
End
weight尾重
Vivid
memories of a night in Belleville when all of
us were
seated around the supper table came
普通人在家里使用电脑的时代已经来临。
flooding back.
The time has come when ordinary people
贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，
can use computers at home.
当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁
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BOOK ONE
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To-infinitive as
subject
7. To write it as I wanted, however, would
violate all the rules of formal composition I’d
learned in school,… (para.5)
as：按照…
然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我
在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则。
Turn to page 17, try to finish Structure Exercise 2.
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8. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the
graded paper,… （para.6）
两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文。
在多长时间后，before从句中的动作才发生
It will be two years before I come here again.
2年后我才会来这里
3周后她才收到他的来信。
It was three weeks before she received his letter.
(Three weeks has passed before she… )
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引导主语从句的连接词
1）that：that在主语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连
接作
Subjective
用。
clause
That he was once here can be proved.
2）whether：是否（...or
not） was pure delight at
9. …but what I was feeling
Whether
she comes or not
makes
difference.
this demonstration
that
mynowords
had the
3）连接代词who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what. whatever,
power to make
people
laugh.
(para.9)
whichever, whoever：
Who will speak at the meeting has not been decided yet.
clause
Which team willAppositive
win the game
is not known yet.
但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是
Whatever is worth doing should be done well.
心花怒放。
Whoever gains the most points wins the game.
4) 连接副词 where, when, how, why
When we can begin the experiment is still a question.
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the last moment before sth. important
happens
e.g. The president's visit was called off
at the eleventh hour.
10. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it
were, I had discovered a calling. (para.9)
occupation,
to speak,
as
one
In my eleventh grade,soand
one an
might
saymight
at theasay
last
profession,
or
a a
e.g.found
He became,
as itIwere,
possible moment, I had
something
wished
career
country.
to take up as a career.man without
就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了
一个今生想从事的职业。
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Selection of Details
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Mr. Fleagle was dull and rigid.
Part 1
Eyeglasses: primly severe
Hairstyle:
Clothes:
Jaw:
Nose:
primly cut, primly combed
Excessively prim
prim suits, with necktie set
Formal,
rigid, button
primly against
the collar
Hopelessly out of date,
primly pointed
A comic antique
primly straight
Manner of speaking: prim manner, correct and
gentlemanly
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Part 2
Which sentences show that at first Baker
was unwilling to write the essay?
Dull topics, though not so simple- minded
Did nothing until the night before the essay was due
Finally, faced up to the unwelcome task
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Part 3
Classmates’ response:
listening attentively, laughing
with open-hearted enjoyment
Mr. The
Fleagle’s
authorresponse:
didn’t tell us
directly
that his
essayprim
was
stop
2-3 times,
a small
very good. By which sentences
smile did he managed to give
us the impression that this essay was very good?
My feeling:
pleasure, pure delight
Mr. Fleagle’s concluding words:
of the very essence of the
essay
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Wording Devices
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Repetition
• How many prim’s and primly’s are used in
para.2?
There are 9 prim’s and primly’s in as few as 3
sentences. Thus readers have in their mind a vivid
picture of what Mr. Fleagle looked like.
• How many wanted’s are used in para.5?
There are 5 wanted’s to emphasize Baker’s
strong desire to write for himself.
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
Synonymous words and phrases
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dull, lifeless, cheerless, tedious
formal, rigid, prim, correct,
turn out, compose, put down
write
proper
respectable
anticipate
prepare for
•
vivid memories of sth. come
sb. recalls sth.
flooding back to sb. ,
sth. reawakes in one’s mind
recapture
relive
•
•
pleasure
contempt
•
delight, happiness
ridicule
• (全新版）大学英语
topic
title
BOOK ONE
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Words
&
Expressions
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Words & Phrases to Drill
anticipate
argument
assign
associate
avoid
bore
career
command
compose
congratulation
distribute
finally
image
inspire
possibility
recall
reputation
rigid
scan
sequence
severe
tackle
tedious
violate
vivid
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
face up to
hold back
off and on
out of date
put down
take hold
turn in
turn out
what’s more
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Synonyms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
off and on
turn out
assign
anticipate
tedious
out of date
severe
tackle
finally
extraordinary
recall
put down
turn in
what’s more
compose
hold back
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
from time to time
produce
give
expect
boring
old-fashioned
plain
deal with
at last
unusual
remember
write down
hand in
moreover, in addition
write, create
keep back
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Comparison
• respectable – respectful – respective
• turn off – turn on - turn up – turn down – turn
out – turn in
• career – position – profession – occupation
• put over – put down – put off – put up
• hold on – hold back – hold up – hold out
• face up to – live up to – add up to – come up to
• avoid – prevent
• be composed of – consist of – be comprised of -constitute – be made up of
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C)
1. The management board ________
three directors and two
outside consultants.
A) is comprised by
B) is made up with
C) is composed of
D) consists in
B)
2. No one imagined that the apparently ________
businessman
was really a criminal.
A) respective B) respectable C) respectful D) realistic
3. Peter was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to
A) storming into boss’s office.
_____
A) avoid B) turn C) prevent D) prohibit
D)
4. Mr. Smith had an unusual ______:
he was first an office
clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.
A) profession B) occupation C) position D) career
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C)
5. The new washing machines are_______
at the rate of fifty a day.
A) turned up B) turned down
C) turned out D) turned in
D) her tears.
6. The movie was so moving that she could not ______
A) hold on B) hold up
C) hold out D) hold back
A) the
7. Now that your daughter is born, you'll have to _______
responsibilities of being a father.
A) face up to B) add up to C) live up to D) come up to
D) on a
8. What's the use of a password to your computer if you ______
piece of paper stuck to the computer screen?
A) put it over B) put it up C) put it off D) put it down
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Verbs and Nouns
verb
noun
verb
noun
assign
assignment
avoid
avoidance
Noun suffixes (add to verbs)
-ment
associate
movement, arrangement
association
argument
-ion, ation, sion
argue
anticipate
anticipation
distribute
distribution
-ance, ence
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
compose
composition
action,
inspire
inspiration
demonstration
,
expansion
violate
violation
congratulate dependence,
congratulation
resistance
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• Adjectives and Nouns
Adjective suffixes (add to nouns)
-ous
dangerous, contemptuous
Adjective
Noun
Adjective
Noun
-ial,possible
al,
possibility
editorial, musical
humorous
Noun
suffixes (add
to adjectives)
tediousness
rigid
tedious
-ness,
ridiculous
ridicule
kindness
essential
purity
-ity
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
humor
rigidness
essence
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Useful Expressions
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•
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•
•
•
•
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断断续续
•
对…感到腻味
•
觉得…枯燥难懂
•
以…而出名
•
据说某人…
拘谨刻板，落后于时代•
随笔小品文
•
躺在沙发上
•
不得不面对
•
围坐在晚餐桌旁
•
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
off and on
be bored by…
find...dull and difficult
have a reputation for…
sb. be said to be…
formal, rigid and out of date
an informal essay
lie on a sofa
face up to
be seated around the
supper table
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Useful Expressions
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…重现在我脑海中
自得其乐
违反规定
不及格分
别无选择，只好做…
更不可思议的是
专心听讲
乐乎乎地开怀大笑
• 心花怒放
• 最后时刻
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
reawake in my mind
for my own joy
violate the rule
a failing grade
There is no choice but to do
What’s more
listen attentively
laugh with open-hearted
enjoyment
• pure delight
• at the eleventh hour
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Narrative
writing
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Assignment
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• Finish exercises following Text A for consolidation.
• Write an account of memorable personal experience,
using first person point of view. Then ask one of your
classmates to make an evaluation about your work.
make sure:
 your story has a point, expressed in the first sentence;
 provide a context for the reader to understand the story;
 provide as many details as possible so that readers can really
share your experience;
 using time order to organize you details;
 details you selected should support the point you stated in
the first sentence
• Tackle Text B on your own.
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
• 外国语学院
Suggested topic for narrative writing
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The first time you felt grown-up
A time you took a foolish risk
An incident that changed your life
A time when you did or did not do the right thing
Your best or worst holiday, birthday or other special
occasion
• An occasion of success in sports or some other event
• …
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
• 外国语学院
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Checklist for your narrative writing
Have you provided a topic sentence?
Have you make the context of your story clear at the
beginning?
Have you told the story in chronological order?
Have you keep the point of view consistent: all in first
person?
Have you named all the characters and kept their
behavior and dialogue consistent?
Are the details relevant to the main idea of the essay?
Have you crossed out all unnecessary details?
If possible, have you included dialogue?
Does the narrative have a lesson learned?
Are there any mistakes in spelling or grammar?
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
• 外国语学院
THE END
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE
• 外国语学院
Bye-bye
(全新版）大学英语 BOOK ONE