Transcript The Ultimate Interplay of Sports Science and Football

5th Congress, Japanese Society of Science and Football
The Ultimate Interplay of
Sports Science and Football
Dettmar CRAMER
(Germany)
THE SCIENCES
In as much as football mirrors the
whole of life, then sports science is
connected with and served by
every branch of science.
Let’s list the most important aspects Quite obviously, no one man is going
to be expert in all these fields.
Therefore, if sports science is to play
an useful part in the development
of both football and science,
scientists must learn from football
that people of very different types
and talents are needed to blend
together into a successful team.
ANATOMY
-
PHYSIOLOGY
MEDICIEN
-
NUTRITION
NEUROLOGY
-
KINESIOLOGY
EXERCISE
DEMANDS
- PHYSIOTHERAPY
PHILOSOPHY -
PEDAGOGY
PSYCHOLOG
Y
-
SOCIOLOGY
PHYSICS
-
CHEMISTRY
INFORMATIC -
STATISTICS
MECHANICS
-
KINAESTHESIS
ECONOMY
-
STRESS
MANAGEMENT
THE VITAL PRINCIPLE OF
EFFECTIVENESS
•
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•
•
•
•
•
… JUST DO IT–
… THERE IS NO DEFEAT, EXCEPT IN NOT TRYING –
GOOD PLAYERS AND TEAMS KNOW THE MOMENT THAT COUNTS –
SAVE ENERGY FOR IMPOTANCE –
CHANGE OF ATTITUDE –
EDUCATE WINNERS –
DEVELOP DESIRE FACTORS :
AGGRESSION, DETERMINATION, DRIVE, INTELLIGENCE, LEADERSHIP –
• BE PURPOSEFUL WHEN FIGHTING FOR POSSESSION, DRIBBLING,
PASSING, HEADING, SHOOTING FOR GOALS OR DEFENDING/ATTACKING
AT SETPLAYS –
• BE ALWAYS AT THE QIUVIVE AND READY TO GO –
• BE A SUCCESSFUL COMPETITOR AND MEMBER OF A WINNING TEAM –
EFFECTIVENESS
IN MODERN FOOTBALL
IN FOOTBALL, THE REAL BEAUTY IS EFFECTIVENESS –
EDUCATIONAL PROCEDURE :
CHANGE OF ATTITUDE –
BORN LOSERS –
THE WILL TO WIN –
SAFE ENERGY FOR IMPORTANCE
– THEN SACRIFICE EVERYTHING –
MANY EXAMPLES :
BALL CONTROL – NOT FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONTROL,
BUT TO SCORE e.g. …
DRIBBLING –
NOT FOR THE GALLERRY, BUT TO WIN …
PASSING –
SUPPORT –
PERCENTAGE …
EFFECTIVENESS
IN MODERN FOOTBALL
GOAL SHOOTING (WC 1998) :
TOTAL GOALS SCORED
171
100 %
INSIDE GOAL AREA
41
24
BETWEEN GOAL AREA AND
PENALTY SPOT
64
37.4
BETEWEEN PENALTY SPOT AND
EDGE OF PENALTY AREA
29
17
OUTSIDE PENALTY AREA
20
11.7
PENALTIES
17
9.9
COMPETITIVE GOALS SHOT TRAINNINGS IS THE CONSEQUENCE.
AT LAST FOOTBALL IS A GAME OF SKILLS …
And the better the skill and the wider the range of skills at the disposal
of the player, the better footballer he is going to be.
Skill in football terms is the ability to be in the right position at the
right time – and to select the right technique on demand.
Every match situation which involves the ball produces a new problem
similar to others but unique in its own right because of such factors
as angel, flight, height, pace of the ball, the opponents qualities, the
players position, the state of the ground, the weather, and other
prevailing conditions.
There a decision is always required –
Do you pass with the inside, outside, or any other part of the foot and
– even more basic – which foot –
Skill practice is not rote practice –
And our methods of coaching and learning also –
Fundamental advanced competitive –
SCOUTING FOOTBALL TALENTS
THE REAL TALENT DOES NOT DEPEND ON PLACE
AND TIME.
THE TALENT MAY BE BORN IN ONE OF THE
GREAT CITIES IN THE EAST OR IN A UNKNOWN
VILLAGE IN THE NORTH.
THE PROBLEM AND THE CHALLENGE ARE TO
SCOUT AND TO DEVELOP THE TALENT.
SCOUTING FOOTBALL TALENTS
1. ORGANIZATION :
SELECTION OF CAPABLE COACHES / SCOUTS –
ORGANIZING WEEK-ENDS OF THE UNKNOWN FOOTBALL
PLAYER, COMPETITIONS, AND TOURNAMENTS –
2. CHARACTERISTICS :
PLAYING SENSE
AGGRESSION
SKILLS
SPEED
– OBSERVED IN FOUR MATCH SITUATIONS –
3. DEVELOPMENT :
ACCORDING TO THE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL STAGE OF
DEVELOPMENT –
TRAINING, REGULAR LEAGUE COMPETITIONS,
PERFORMANCE TESTS EVERY TWO YEARS. –
TEAM BUILDING
- KEY WORDS FOR EASY REMENBRANCE MOTTO :
TOGETHER EVERYONE ACHIEVES MORE
TEAM BUILDING OFF THE FIELD OF PLAY :
SCOUTING
SELECTING
EDUCATING INDIVIDUAL PLAYERS
ORGANIZATION
STRATEGY
TACTICS
TRADITION AND CULTURE OF THE CLUB / ASSOCIATION
CONFLICTS
TEAM BUILDING
- KEY WORDS FOR EASY REMENBRANCE TEAM BUILDING ON THE FIELD OF PLAY :
THE TRAINING PROCESS AND PROGRESS
THE SYSTEM OF PLAY – ADVANTAGES / DISADVANTAGES
THE BASIC FUNCTIONS – LIMITATIONS
DEFENCE AS STRONGHOLD AND SPRING BOAD
COUNTER ATTACK AS SUCCESS GUARANTY
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE POSITIONAL PLAY
THE ATTACK – BUILT-UP AND STEEP
EFFECTIVENESS
TEAM BUILDING
- KEY WORDS FOR EASY REMENBRANCE TEAM BUILDING OFF AND ON THE FIELD OF PLAY :
PSYCHOLOGY OF TEAM BUILDING
TEAM SPIRIT AND TEAM WORK OF EVERYBODY INVOLVED
BEHAVIOURAL CONDUCT
HIERARCHY OF THE TEAM
COMMON OPPONENTS
THE PERSONALITY OF THE COACH
COMMUNICATION
MOTIVATION
TRAINING CAMPS
– TEAM WORK IS THE BASE OF SUCCESS –
THE S-A-I-D-PRINCIPLE
WALLIS, E.L. and LOGAN, G.A. 1964
A GUINDING PRINCIPLE HAS BEEN ADVANCED FOR THE ACHIVEMENT
OF PHYSICAL FITNESS – BUT ALSO OF SKILLS AND TACTICS.
IT PROVIDES FOR MAXIMUM EFFECT WITH A MINIMUM OF EFFORT
AND TIME CONSUMPTION.
THIS PRINCIPLE HAS BEEN APPLIED IN THE DESIGN OF THE TRAINING
PROGRAMS PRESENTED IN ALL MY COACHING COURSES AROUND
THE FOOTBALL WORLD.
BECAUSE OUR BODY RESPONDS RATHER SPECIFICALLY TO DEMANDS
PLACED ON IN –
THE S-A-I-D-PRINCIPLE
WALLIS, E.L. and LOGAN, G.A. 1964
THEREFORE : ONE IS FIT TO DO THINGS THAT ANOTHER CANNOT DO
BECAUSE OF THE TYPE ACTIVITIES ONE HAS FORCED HIS NERVOUS
SYSTEM TO ADJUST TO –
WE CALL IT S-pecific A-daptation to I-mposed D-emands.
THIS PRINCIPLE IS JUSTIFIED IN FOOTBALL PRACTICE AND SUPPORTED
BY SCIENTIFIC AND CAREFUL OBSERVATIONS.
A SHORTCUT TO SUCCESS. –
EUROPEAN FOOTBALL
GENERAL COMPETITIVE DEMANDS
DRS. RAYMOND VERHEIJEN, 1997
WALKING
JOGGING
RUNNING
SPRINTING
SUM
PROFESSIONAL
4.2 Km
4.2 Km
1.4 Km
1.4 Km
11.2 Km
AMATEUR
3.2 Km
1.8 Km
0.8 Km
0.7 Km
6.5 Km
JUNIOR (U-18)
3.0 Km
2.5 Km
1.2 Km
0.9 Km
7.6 Km
PROFESSIONAL
2.6 Km
6.8 Km
2.6 Km
1.8 Km
13.8 Km
AMATEUR
2.5 Km
4.0 Km
1.3 Km
0.7 Km
8.5 Km
JUNIOR (U-18)
1.9 Km
5.9 Km
1.2 Km
0.8 Km
9.8 Km
PROFESSIONAL
4.4 Km
2.6 Km
1.6 Km
1.8 Km
10.4 Km
AMATEUR
3.2 Km
1.9 Km
0.8 Km
1.2 Km
7.1 Km
JUNIOR (U-18)
4.6 Km
2.2 Km
1.0 Km
1.3 Km
9.1 Km
BACKS
MIDFIELDERS
STRIKERS
EUROPEAN FOOTBALL
GENERAL COMPETITIVE DEMANDS
DRS. RAYMOND VERHEIJEN, 1997
WALKING
WALKING
FORWARDS
JOGGING
BACKWARDS
RUNNING
SPRINT
SUM
1.6 Km
1.0 Km
O.7 Km
0.5 Km
0.2 Km
4 Km
GOALKEEPERS
PROFESSIONAL
SLIDINGS
JUMPS
SHOTS
DUELS 1vs1
SUM
PROFESSIONAL
19x
25x
41x
56x
141
AMATEUR
11x
17x
27x
42x
97
JUNIOR (U-18)
18x
21x
27x
39x
105
PROFESSIONAL
11x
33x
37x
56x
137
AMATEUR
6x
11x
32x
38x
87
JUNIOR (U-18)
8x
12x
37x
51x
108
PROFESSIONAL
7x
42x
32x
52x
133
AMATEUR
4x
24x
26x
28x
82
JUNIOR (U-18)
10x
10x
30x
43x
93
BACKS
MIDFIELDERS
STRIKERS
DIFFERENCE
SYSTEM AND STYLE OF PLAY – STANDARD OF PLAY – FATIGUE.
ITALY
WC 2006
1 BUFFON
19 ZAMBROTTA
5 CANNAVARO
23 MATERAZZI
3 GOSSO
16 CAMORANESI
21 PIRLO
8 GATTUSO
20 PERROTTA
10 TOTTI
9 TONI
FRANCE
WC 2006
16 BARTHEZ
19 SAGNOL
15 THURAM
5 GALLAS
3 ABIDAL
22 RIBERY
4 VIEIRA
6 MAKELELE
7 MALOUDA
10 ZIDANE
12 HENRY
GERMANY
WC 2006
1 LEHMANN
3 FRIEDRICH
17 MERTESACKER
21 METZELDER
16 LAHM
19 SCHNEIDER
8 FRINGS
13 BALLACK
7 SCHWEINSTEIGER
11 KLOSE
20 PODOLSKI
PORTUGAL
WC 2006
1 RICARDO
13 MIGUEL
5 MEIRA
16 CARVALHO
14 VALENTE
6 COSTINHA
8 PETIT
7 FIGO
20 DECO
17 RONALDO
9 PAULETA
THE 4-4-2 SYSTEM
ONE BASIC FORMATION
THE 4-4-2 SYSTEM
ANOTHER BASIC FORMATION
AND
CONSTANT MUTUAL
COACHING
DEFENCE :
NO CHALLENGE
WITHOUT SUPPORT –
DOUBLE AND TRIPLE
CHALLENGE –
RESTRICTING BOTH TIME
AND SPACE –
● PRESSURE –
SUPPORT –
COMPACTNESS
× CREATING SPACE –
SUPPORT –
FINISHING
THE DANGEROUS LONG
PASS TO THE OTHER SIDE :
EITHER RIGOROUS
PREVENTION –
OR AS FAST AS LIGHTNING
RESHUFFLING DEFENCE –
ATTACKING OVER THE
FLANKS
・ FIRST : GK + 4 PLAYERS
・ THEN : GK + 7 PLAYERS
・ FINALLY : GK + 10 PLAYERS
IN THE FIELD TWO TOUCH –
IN THE CORRIDORS FREE TOUCH
–
IN THE CORRIDORS TWO
ATTACKERS, BUT ONE DEFENDER
–
GOALS AFTER VOLLEYSHOTS AND
HEADERS = 3 POINTS –
COMPETITIVE
GOALSHOOTING
DEFENCE :
PENALTY AREA
1 GK, 2 DEFENDERS –
ATTACK :
PENALTY AREA
1 ATTACKER + 2 MIDFIELDERS –
ATTACKS :
FROM RIGHT AND LEFT –
CHANGING PLAYERS –
COACHING AUTOMATISM –