Transcript Document
Drive Right Chapter 4 Unit 2
Theory Notes from MR. Miller’s Driver Education Class
4.1 The IPDE Process
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Every driver uses some sort of system to process to drive. Those who don’t have more close calls or collisions.
Risk: Everything has some sort of risk. Driving a vehicle is the ever-present possibility of a conflict!
Risk factors can be contributed by the driver, by the vehicle, and by the roadway and environment.
4.1 The IPDE Process
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Some examples of Driver-contributed factors are:
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Adjusting Radio
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Being angry Having blurred vision Combing hair Drinking while driving Using a cellular phone Driver contributed risk factors also apply to other drivers on the roadway.
4.1 The IPDE Process
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Some examples of vehicle-contributed factors are:
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Bald tires
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Poorly adjusted brakes Dirty windshield Broken headlight Worn wiper blades Most vehicle-related risk factors are really contributed by the vehicle owner. Owner responsibility requires proper maintenance and repair of your vehicle.
4.1 The IPDE Process
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Risk factors contributed by the roadway and environment may include the following:
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Bright Sun
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Construction
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Dark shadows Snow and Ice Sharp Curves Make sure that you are aware of all the risks you face while driving. There will always be some degree of risk whenever you drive. Good drivers make every effort to manage risks.
4.1 The IPDE Process
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The IPDE Process
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Good seeing habits and your ability to manage space in the roadway are basic tools for low-risk driving.
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The IPDE Process, Smith System and Zone Control assist in making
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any drive lower risk and stress.
The four steps are:
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Identify
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Predict
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Decide Execute
4.1 The IPDE Process
I - Identify.
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This is when you look for; specific clues, other roadway users, roadway features and conditions, Traffic Controls, Condition of your vehicle P - Predict.
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This is when; predict actions of others, control of your vehicle, consequences of your actions D - Decide.
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This is when you; decide to change speed, change direction, communicate E - Execute.
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This is when you; accelerate brake steer communicate combine actions
4.1 The IPDE Process
The Smith System 1. Aim High In Steering 2. Get the Big Picture 3. Keep Your Eyes Moving 4. Leave Yourself an Out 5. Make Sure They See You Zone Control System 1. See a Zone Change 2. Check Other Zones 3. Create Time and Space by Getting the Best Speed Control, Lane Positioning and Communication.
4.2 Identify and Predict
Zones and Searching Ranges Six areas of space around a vehicle: 1. Straight ahead is the front zone 2. To the left is the left front zone 3. To the right is the right front zone 4. Behind you is the rear zone 5. Left rear zone 6. Right rear zone An open zone is space where you can drive without a restriction to your line of sight or to your intended path of travel.
A closed zone is a space not open because of a restriction in space or vision.
4.2 Identify and Predict
Orderly Visual Search Pattern 1. Look ahead to your target area range.
2. Evaluate your left front zone in the 12-15 second range.
3. Glance in the rearview mirror to check your rear zone.
4. Evaluate your 4-6 second range before entering that space.
5. Look ahead again to evaluate another 12 15 second range.
6. Check your 4-6 second range.
7. Glance in your rearview mirror.
8. Check speedometer and gauges.
4.2 Identify and Predict
What to look for: 1. Look for open zones 2. Look for other users 3. Look for Roadway Features and Conditions
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Change from multilane to single lane
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Change in width of lane
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Roadway surface Roadside hazards 4. Look for Traffic Controls
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4.2 Identify and Predict Predict
Predict how the hazard might affect your path of travel.
What are 3 things to predict
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Knowledge
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Judgment
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experience
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What are 7 things to predict
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Actions of others
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Path
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Action Space Point of conflict Predict control of your vehicle and possible consequences
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4.3 Decide and Execute Decide
Decide to change speed Decide to change direction Decide to communicate
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Traffic flow Separate hazards – more than one hazard at a time. Change speed so your can deal with one hazard at a time.
Compromise Space – your decision to control space can result in a variety of actions.
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Steer
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Communicate (lights, signal, flashers, horn, positioning and eye contact)
4.4 Using the IPDE Process
IPDE Takes Practice (Development of skills) Commentary Driving (Thinking out Loud) Putting the IPDE into Action (Use four steps in order) Selective use of the IPDE (Use it selectively by beginning a new cycle before completing the previous one) IPDE Takes Time (takes time to master – don’t let complacency or laziness to creep into your driving habits)