IPDE Process
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Transcript IPDE Process
IPDE Process
Chapter 4
IPDE Process
Need for organized system to drive
Reduces close calls and collisions
Manage risk
Driving Risks – 3 Components
#1. Risk Factors due to Driver, even other drivers
Adjusting radio
Emotion – anger/your boyfriend/girlfriend just broke up with you
Primping – combing hair, putting on mascara, shaving
Drinking alcohol
Cell phone use
#2. Risk Factors due to Automobile
Bald Tires
Poorly adjusted brakes
Ineffective Windshield Wipers
Broken Headlight
Dirty Windshield
IPDE Process
Driving Risks –continued
#3. Roadway Risks
Bright sun
Construction
Snow / Ice
Sharp Curves
Good drivers make every effort to manage & lower risks
IPDE Process – organized system of see, thinking, making judgements
and responding
Identify – use visual search pattern to look for
Clues
Other users of the HTS (Highway Traffic System) assume they will make mistakes
example: speeders
Road Conditions – hills, curves, lane changes, bicyclists, pedestrians, intersections
Traffic Concerns
IPDE Process
IPDE Process – organized system of see, thinking and responding
Identify – use visual search pattern
Smith System - 5 Rules that help drivers develop good seeing habits
Aim High In Steering – look 12-15 seconds ahead of your vehicle
Keep Eyes Moving
Get the Big Picture
Make Sure Others See You
Leave Yourself an Out
Zone Control System – organized method of managing the 6 zones around your car
- see a zone change – check other zones – create
space for
yourself by adjusting
speed & lane position
– Communicate
Open Zone – no restriction
Line of Sight – intended path of travel
Target Area – center of intended path
Closed Zone – zone not open - restricted “line of sight”
o Examples: stop light (front zone), parked car (right front zone)
IPDE Process
Zones – pg 65 & 66
Left
Front
Zone
Left
Rear
Zone
Front
Zone
Rear
Zone
Right
Front
Zone
Right
Rear
Zone
IPDE Process
3 Searching Ranges
Target Area Range
Distance ahead of vehicle
Use to evaluate path
of travel
12-15 Second Range
Space will travel in next
12-15 seconds
4-6 Second Range
Space will travel in next
4-6 seconds
Target
Area
Range
12-15 Second
Range
4-6 Second Range
IPDE Process
Checking Your Zones
Orderly Visual Search Pattern
Sample: Driving Straight:
Target Area
Left Front – Front – Right Front in 12-15 sec range
Rear Zone - Rearview mirror
4-6 second range
12-15 second range
4-6 range
Rearview mirror
Speedometer & Gauges
o Don’t stare
o Practice as a passenger
IPDE Process
Field of Vision – area see around you
Most of us can see 90 degrees to each side = 180 degrees
Central Vision – right in front of you 10 degrees – see clearly
Peripheral Vision – area see to right or left –
Outer edges see less clearly
CentralVision
Peripheral Vision
Peripheral Vision
FIELD OF VISION
IPDE Process
Review Identify Component:
Aim High Steering – look ahead (12-15 sec)
Keep Eyes Moving – develop scanning technique
Get The Big Picture
Develop Selective Seeing
Choose only events that impact your driving!
Open zones that may close
Examples: Parked car with wheels turned or exhaust from tail pipe
Look for other Users- anticipate them doing the wrong thing!
Examples: Speeders
Look for Roadway Conditions –
Intersections, Hills, Lane changes, road surfaces, bicyclists, pedestrians
IPDE Process
Predict – once you identify - predict how it may effect you
What is happening, what could happen, how could this effect you??
Example: Pg 72 – bicyclist & on coming car to left
What do you do?
Knowledge & Experience will help you identify & predict quicker & faster
Most predictions related to changes in zones and looking for an out
Don’t Assume other drivers will make good decisions
Predict
✔Path of other drivers
✔Action of others
✔Space –Will I have an open zone
✔Pont of Conflict – No open space, where may the conflict occur
–Where paths may cross
• Examples: pg 73
IPDE Process
The more complex situation, the more difficult to identify & predict
Speed – Most important factor in control of your vehicle
Changes with traffic & weather conditions
Increased Speed decreases time available for IPDE process
Traction – basic requirement for vehicle control
Gripping power between tires and road surface
IPDE Process
Decide
Once you’ve identified a situation…
Predicted a possible conflict …
Decide upon the action
Followed by Execute step
Examples:
Maintain speed
Change speed
may not always mean slowing down
IPDE Process
Decide
Examples:
Change direction – keep a space cushion - continued
May change lane positions to keep cushion pg 76
o
o
o
o
Center of Lane
Right Side of Lane
Left Side of Lane
May need to make greater change
Try to detect a changing zone condition 12 sec in advance
IPDE Process
Decide
Examples: continued
Communicate with others
Lights – headlights, taillights, brake lights, turn signal, etc
Horn
Car Position
Eye Contact
Body Movement
Combination
Strategies to keep space around your vehicle
Minimize Hazard –put distance between self and hazard
Example: Passing parked cars
IPDE Process
Strategies to keep space around your vehicle
Separate Hazards–more than one hazard at a time
Don’t handle them all at one time
You do this by adjusting your speed
Example: On coming car and parked cars on right
Compromise Space –
Sometimes hazards can’t be minimized and can’t be separated
Give as much space as possible to greater hazard
Example: On coming car moves into your lane with cars parked on
right
IPDE Process
Execute carry out decision to avoid conflict
Control Speed
Accelerating
Decelerating / Braking
Check Rear Zone
Avoid Locking Brakes – loose steering control
o Most cars have antilock breaks – break hard – don’t pump breaks
Steer
Don’t over steer – could loose control
Don’t make jerky sudden movements
Communicate
Make it early so other know your intentions
Combined Actions
IPDE Process
Putting It Into Action
Practice – as you ride with others
Commentary Driving – talk out loud
Takes Time
The more complex traffic situation the longer it takes