Transcript Title: South Africa

Title: South Africa
Dave Matthews
Morgan Freeman
Roger Federer
Colin Powell
Charlize Theron
Warm-Up:
Who is
from
South
Africa?
Europeans Arrive in South
Africa
• Europeans desired South Africa
due to the large number of
resources
• Three groups clash over land
(Africans, Dutch, and British)
• Various African tribes had been
competing over this land for
about 100 years when the
Europeans arrived
Zulus
• 1816-Zulu chief Shaka created a
large centralized state
• Shaka’s successors fell to
British forces
• 1879-Zulu king Cetshwayo fought
British-British were almost
defeated (shock to British due to
weapon superiority)
• 1887-Zulu kingdom fell to British
Boers
• 1652-Dutch are the first to settle South
Africa
• Dutch settlers known as Boers
(farmers)
• Two countries present in the area-British
and Dutch (conflict over resources and
land were frequent)
• Boer War-Discovery of diamonds and
gold caused the Dutch and the British
to clash once again
• British were victorious and therefore
controlled all of South Africa.
South Africa
• Racial conflict result of
colonial rule
• Racially divided
• 1910-Gains independenceConstitution grants power to
whites denies power to blacks
• 1948-National Party comes to
power-installs system of
Apartheid
APARTHEID
•Complete separation of races- bans contact
between whites and blacks, segregated
schools, hospitals, neighborhoods, etc.
•Black South Africans are forced to live on
“homelands”- meant that 75% of the population
lived on 13% of the land- land was largely
unusable/lacked resources.
•Black South Africans had to carry a
passbook showing where they lived, worked,
etc.- could not be in certain places.
A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982.
Bantustans
•1959-the government of South Africa
divided the black population into ethnic
groups and assigned each group to a
separate territory, or bantustan.
•A total of ten bantustans, called
homelands by the government, were created
as part of the system of apartheid.
•The bantustans consisted of many
fragments of land and could not support
the populations assigned to them.
•They were reintegrated into the rest of
South Africa in 1994.
A Black South African shows his passbook issued by the
Government. Blacks were required to carry passes that
determined where they could live and work.
Houses in
Soweto, a
black
township.
Newspaper headline on a Johannesburg street refers to a
government plan in 1982 to cede territory and people to
Swaziland. The people in question were not consulted in
the matter.
Mandela and the End of Apartheid
•1912- African National Congress was formed to fight for black
rights- it was banned by the government- Nelson Mandela was
leader of the ANC
•1976- riots in Soweto leave 600 students dead
•1976- police beat Stephen Biko (popular black leader) to death
•Late 1980’s- Bishop Desmond Tutu helps get foreign
governments to impose trade restrictions on South Africa due to
heir apartheid policy
•1989- F.W. de Klerk is elected president- legalized the ANC in
1990 and frees Mandela from prison where he had been for 27
years
•1994- first universal (blacks and white vote) in South Africa- and
Mandela is elected president- he steps down in 1999
•1999- Thadbo Mbeki is elected- faces economic issues, problems
with high rates of rape and murder and the HIV/AIDS epidemic
•Mbeki has argued that AIDS is not caused by HIV and has hurt the
fight against the illness.
Activity
TASK #1: Read the article about Nelson
Mandela. Create a child’s picture story
about Mandela’s life and struggles to
bring Democracy to South Africa, (Refer
to your Types of Homework Packet if you
need assistance).
TASK #2: Read the article titled, “Country
Profile: South Africa” and answer the
questions in your notebook.