Transcript Reading

Reading
• Paradigms
• Chall’s stages to reading
• Early Literacy Issues
– Phonological awareness
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Fluency concerns
Comprehending Text
LEApproach
Programs
Chall’s Stages of Reading
0: age 0-6
1: age 6-7
2: age 7-9
3: age 9-13
4: age 13-18
5: age 18 +
parts of book; nam es; few w ords;
phonological aw areness
letter-sound; code breaking of letters
and sounds
autom aticity; 100-140 w pm ; reading
com prehension begins; predicting
reading to learn; expository text;
technical w ords begin
com pare and evaluate m ultiple points;
m etacognition; developing vocabulary
personal use of know ledge; synthesis
and hypothesis
Phonological Awareness
preparation
• Phonemic
segmentation
• Phoneme
manipulation
• Syllable-splitting
• Blending
• Oddity
• Deletion
Assessing oral reading
• Word recognition accuracy on word list
100 independent; 95 instructional; 90 frustration
• Comprehension accuracy
90 independent; 75 instructional; 50 frustration
Fluency includes rate and prosody
-between 100-140 wpm at grade level
Display Great Leaps activities
Increasing Fluency
• Have students practice high-frequency words
• Have student read words, phrases, or passages in timed
sessions
• Use repeated readings until fluency is developed
• Model fluent reading
• Have students model reading to each other
• Conduct a readers’ theater where students read with
voice inflections
• Review new vocabulary prior to reading a story or text
(multisensory techniques are most effective)
Improving Comprehension
Dr. Nancy Corbett, Ph.D.
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Improve Fluency
Repeated Readings
Provide Taped Stories
Use Keywords
Story Maps
Encourage Metacognition
Teach Paraphrasing
Mnemonics
Be creative
Language Experience Approach
Mercer p.541-2; Winebrenner
Teaching reading based upon a student’s oral
and written expression
1. Student draws picture or talks about an event
2. Teacher writes down the story
3. Student works on the dictated words
individually (Elkonin boxes)
4. Student gradually writes his/her own story
What are the benefits of such a program?
Sum it up
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What is fluency?
How can we improve it?
What is phonological awareness?
Name three tasks in helping students develop it.
What are the three best predictors of reading
achievement for young children?
• How can we help improve reading
comprehension?