Transcript Slide 1

OFFICE OF
SCIENCE
DOE Office of Science
FY 2010 Budget Request
Briefing for the
Energy Sciences Coalition
19 May 2009
Patricia Dehmer
Deputy Director for Science Programs & Acting Director
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
Download this talk at http://www.science.doe.gov/SC-2/Deputy_Director-speeches-presentations.htm
“… a historic commitment to basic science and applied research …”
“Science is more essential for our prosperity, our security,
our health, our environment, and our quality of life than it has ever been.”
President Barack Obama
Address to the National Academy of Sciences, 27 April 2009
 The Office of Science supports:



Science for discovery;
 Unraveling Nature’s deepest mysteries—from the study of subatomic particles; to atoms and molecules that make up the
materials of our everyday world; and to DNA, proteins, cells, and entire natural ecosystems
Science for national need; and
 Advancing a clean energy agenda through basic research on energy production, storage, transmission, and use
 Advancing our understanding of the Earth’s climate through basic research in atmospheric and environmental sciences
and in climate modeling
National scientific user facilities, the 21st century tools of science.
 Providing the Nation’s researchers with the most advanced tools of modern science including accelerators, colliders,
supercomputers, light sources and neutron sources, and facilities for studying the nanoworld
 The FY 2010 Budget request continues the 10-year doubling of SC and supports DOE’s initiatives in the
directed pursuit of energy solutions through the establishment of two Energy Innovation Hubs and in
education through the establishment of a Graduate Fellowship Program.
2
DOE’s Priorities and Goals
Priority: Science and Discovery: Invest in science to achieve transformational discoveries
– Organize and focus on breakthrough science
– Develop and nurture science and engineering talent
– Coordinate DOE work across the department, across the government, and globally
Priority: Change the landscape of energy demand and supply
– Drive energy efficiency to decrease energy use in homes, industry and transportation
– Develop and deploy clean, safe, low carbon energy supplies
– Enhance DOE’s application areas through collaboration with its strengths in Science
Priority: Economic Prosperity: Create millions of green jobs and increase competitiveness
–
–
–
–
–
Reduce energy demand
Deploy cost-effective low-carbon clean energy technologies at scale
Promote the development of an efficient, “smart” electricity transmission and distribution network
Enable responsible domestic production of oil and natural gas
Create a green workforce
Priority: National Security and Legacy: Maintain nuclear deterrent and prevent proliferation
– Strengthen non-proliferation and arms control activities
– Ensure that the U.S. weapons stockpile remains safe, secure, and reliable without nuclear testing
– Complete legacy environmental clean-up
Priority: Climate Change: Position U.S. to lead on climate change policy, technology, and science
– Provide science and technology inputs needed for global climate negotiations
– Develop and deploy technology solutions domestically and globally
– Advance climate science to better understand the human impact on the global environment
3
Priority: Science and Discovery
Invest in science to achieve transformational discoveries
 Focus on transformational science
– Connect basic and applied sciences
– Re-energize the national labs as centers of great science and innovation
– Double the Office of Science budget
– Embrace a degree of risk-taking in research
– Create an effective mechanism to integrate national laboratory, university,
and industry activities
 Develop science and engineering talent
– Train the next generation of scientists and engineers
– Attract and retain the most talented researchers
 Collaborate universally
– Partner globally
– Support the developing world
– Build research networks across departments, government, nation and the
globe
4
SC Request vs. Appropriation (As Appropriated $s)
5
OFFICE OF
SCIENCE
6
Office of Science by the Numbers in FY 2010
~25,000 users in FY 2010
ARM
DIII-D
Alcator
NSTX
(distribution of users by facility)
SSRL
JGI
 ~ 25,000 Ph.D.s, graduate
students, undergraduates,
engineers, and technicians at
more than 300 universities
and at all 17 DOE laboratories
 ~25,000 users at the facilities
ATLAS
HRIBF
ALS
FES
EMSL
Bio & Enviro
Facilities
TJNAF
Nuclear physics
facilities
APS
RHIC
Light Sources
B-Factory
High energy
physics facilities
Tevatron
ALCF
OLCF
Computing
Facilities
NSLS
Neutron
Sources
Nano
Centers
HFIR
Lujan
SNS
NERSC
NSRCs
7
Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
BES Mission: To support fundamental research to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and energy at the
electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies and to support
DOE missions in energy, environment, and national security.
Priorities:
 Create a new paradigm for the design of materials, especially those related to the efficient production, storage,
transmission, and use of energy
 Through observation and manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular scales, achieve mastery of material
syntheses and chemical transformations relevant to real-world energy systems
 Understand and control fundamental interactions between matter and energy, especially at the nanoscale
 Conceive, construct, and operate open-access scientific user facilities to probe materials at the limits of time,
space, and energy resolution
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant effort will be spent in establishing the EFRCs during their first full year of operation and in
overseeing new facilities (LCLS) and a major construction project (NSLS-II).
 Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following Scientific Workshops and Reports:
 BESAC Basic Research Needs workshop series (11 workshops from 2003-2007)
 BESAC Energy Grand Challenges report (2007)
 BESAC New Science for a Secure and Sustainable Energy Future (2008)
 R&D coordination with DOE applied technology programs in areas such as electrical energy storage,
solar energy utilization, biofuels, and fuel cells
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
8
BES FY 2010 Highlights
Research (3 modalities):
 Core research supporting single investigators and small groups is continued. This includes research addressing
the 5 key science challenges from the BESAC Grand Challenges report: (1) quantum control of electrons in atoms,
molecules, and materials; (2) basic atomic architecture of matter and directed assembly; (3) emergence and
collective phenomena; (4) energy and information transfer on the nanoscale; and (5) matter far from equilibrium.
 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs), initiated late in FY 2009, see their first full year of operation in FY
2010. The 46 new EFRCs assemble scientists from multiple disciplines to conduct basic research to establish the
scientific foundations for new energy technologies in a wide variety of topical areas.
 Energy Innovation Hubs are initiated in the areas of Fuels from Sunlight and Batteries and Energy Storage.
Hubs assemble purpose-driven teams to address the basic science, technology, economic, and policy issues
needed to address the energy topic. Each is funded at $25,000,000/year for an initial 5 year-period with one-time
funding of $10,000,000 provided for start-up, excluding new construction.
Facilities:
 Scientific User Facility Operations are fully funded in FY 2010. More than 10,000 scientists and engineers from
academia, national laboratories, and industry use the BES facilities annually.
 The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, the world’s first hard x-ray
coherent light source, begins operations in FY 2010. First light was seen at LCLS in April within a few hours
of the start of the first commissioning run and with only about 1/3 of the undulators in place! Wow! First
science starts in the fall of 2009.
 The National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory continues construction, including
the largest component of the project—the building that will house the storage ring.
9
Some Program Features
(Pat’s Interpretation)
Investigators
and their
institutions
Energy
Innovation
Hubs
Large set of
investigators spanning
multiple science and
engineering
disciplines and
possibly including
other non-science
areas such as energy
policy, economics,
and market analysis.
May be led by Labs
or universities. The
model is the three
existing SC Bioenergy Research
Centers.
Energy
Frontier
Research
Centers
ARPA-E
Self-assembled group
of ~6-12
investigators.
May be led by Labs
or universities. About
2/3 of EFRCs are led
by universities.
Single investigator,
small group, or small
teams.
Central location for
investigators?
Yes, there is a central
location (building)
housing many/most of
the investigators. A
significant aspect of
the Hubs is the
collocation of
researchers.
Diversity
of
Disciplines
Many
No
Award
Amount
5 years with one 5year renewal possible.
$25M/year
with $10M
additional
in the 1st
year for CE
or building
mods.
“The bar is
significantly higher”
for further renewals.
Managed by Offices
across DOE. A Board
of Advisors consisting
of senior leadership
will coordinate across
DOE.
Collaborators at other
institutions may
partner with the Hub
leader. Industries may
also be associated with
Hubs.
Ideally, each EFRC
will have a lead
institution, home to
many/most of the
investigators, but there
is flexibility.
Period of Award
and Management
Several
5 years with 5-year
renewals possible.
Core Motivation
Purpose-driven research, spanning
fundamental, transformational science
to commercialization. The breadth and
emphasis of activities will be
influenced greatly by the nature of the
Hub. For example, the topics of some
Hubs are ready for commercialization
or improved manufacturing methods
(solar photovoltaics). Other Hubs
address topics that may require greater
emphasis on fundamental research.
In general, DOE determines the topical
areas of the Hubs, and FOAs are
specific.
$2-5M/year
Fundamental, transformational research
with a clear link to new energy energy
technologies or technology roadblocks.
Managed by SC/BES
In general, the investigators propose the
subject matter from among a large set
of general energy-relevant topics, and
FOAs are broad.
Few
1-3 years
Managed by ARPA-E,
which reports to the
Secretary of Energy
$0.5 10M/year
High risk research driven by the
potential for significant commercial
impact.
In general, DOE determines the area of
interest.
10
BES in Pictures –
Seeing Atoms with X-Rays
NSLS-II Today
NSLS-II 2015
SSRL 1974 & 2004
NSLS 1982
APS 1996
10,000
9,000
Numbers of Users
8,000
LCLS 2009
ALS 1993
7,000
APS
ALS
SSRL
NSLS
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
-
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Est.
Fiscal Year
11
The Scale of Things – Nanometers and More
Things Natural
Things Manmade
10-2 m
Ant
~ 5 mm
Dust mite
200 mm
10-4 m
Red blood cells
(~7-8 mm)
The Challenge
1,000,000 nanometers =
1 millimeter (mm)
MicroElectroMechanical
(MEMS) devices
10 -100 mm wide
0.1 mm
100 mm
O
-5
10 m
0.01 mm
10 mm
Infrared
Fly ash
~ 10-20 mm
Microworld
Human hair
~ 60-120 mm wide
Head of a pin
1-2 mm
Microwave
10-3 m
1 cm
10 mm
1,000 nanometers =
1 micrometer (mm)
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Zone plate x-ray “lens”
Outer ring spacing ~35 nm
Visible
10-6 m
Pollen grain
Red blood cells
P
O
~10 nm diameter
ATP synthase
0.1 mm
100 nm
Ultraviolet
Nanoworld
10-7 m
10-8 m
Fabricate and combine
nanoscale building
blocks to make useful
devices, e.g., a
photosynthetic reaction
center with integral
semiconductor storage.
0.01 mm
10 nm
Self-assembled,
Nature-inspired structure
Many 10s of nm
Nanotube electrode
10-9 m
Soft x-ray
1 nanometer (nm)
DNA
~2-1/2 nm diameter
Atoms of silicon
spacing 0.078 nm
10-10 m
0.1 nm
Quantum corral of 48 iron atoms on copper surface
positioned one at a time with an STM tip
Corral diameter 14 nm
Carbon
buckyball
~1 nm
diameter
Carbon nanotube
~1.3 nm diameter
Office of Basic Energy Sciences
Office of Science, U.S. DOE
Version 05-26-06, pmd
Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
BER Mission: To understand biological, climate, and environmental systems by exploring the frontiers of genomeenabled biology; discovering the physical, chemical, and biological drivers of climate change; and seeking the
biological, geochemical and hydrological molecular determinants of environmental sustainability and stewardship.
Priorities:
 Use systems biology approaches to understand enzymatic, microbial, and plant interactions for the conversion of
biomass into liquid transportation fuels
 Use advanced atmospheric measurements together with high-end computation and modeling to predict the
impact of greenhouse gases on climate change
 Model and measure the fate and transport of contaminants in the subsurface environment at DOE sites to predict
contaminant flows
 Develop new tools to explore the interface of biological and physical sciences
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 BER restructuring of subprograms aligns scientific themes across the portfolio to enable strategic formulation and
execution of the budget
 Significant effort will be spent to deliver new instrumentation to the EMSL and ACRF user facilities and to further
build the bioinformatics framework for integrating research on plants and microbes
 Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following Scientific Workshops and Reports




Carbon Cycling and Biosequestration Workshop (2008)
Systems Biology Knowledgebase Workshop (2009)
New Frontiers of Science in Radiochemistry and Instrumentation for Radionuclide Imaging (2009)
Identifying Outstanding Grand Challenges in Climate Change Research (2008)
 Interagency coordination on plant feedstocks and sustainability for bioenergy (USDA), the Biomass R&D Board
(USDA, EPA and others), and radiochemistry/radiobiology (NIH)
 DOE R&D coordination with DOE applied technology programs in bioenergy, subsurface science, and climate
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
13
BER FY 2010 Highlights
Research:
Biological Systems Science
 The DOE Bioenergy Research Centers continue pursuit of breakthroughs needed to make cellulosic biofuels
cost-effective, with new developments on pretreatment, plant oils, and microbial deconstruction and conversion of
biomass (with 95 peer-reviewed publications, 23 patent filings, and 5 patent disclosures to date)
 Support is provided to the Genomics Science program to begin conceptualization of a Genomics
Knowledgebase to exploit, analyze, mine, and integrate masses of data produced by high-throughput genomic
sequencing and other technologies.
 Radiological Sciences will support improvements in synthetic radiochemical methods, new radiotracer designs,
and development of new radiochemistry detection methods.
Climate and Environmental Sciences
 Climate and Earth System Modeling continues the development of climate models and their use to develop
projections on temporal scales of decades-to-centuries and spatial scales from regional-to-global. Efforts increase
in visualization for model development, evaluation, and model intercomparisons, and in Integrated Assessment
research to integrate climate models with economic and societal factors.
 Atmospheric System Research, with upgraded instrumentation funded by the Recovery Act, probes deeper into
the effects of clouds, aerosols, and growing atmospheric greenhouse gasses on the Earth’s radiation balance.
Facilities:
 Joint Genome Institute serves both the DOE Bioenergy Research Centers and the wider Genomics Science
community engaged in DOE mission-relevant research with new, accelerated sequencing technologies.
 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility (ACRF) provides improved long-term
observations with four fixed sites and two mobile facilities. Mobile campaigns will take place in the Azores and
Colorado.
 Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory operations supported at optimal levels to support user
community; capital equipment investments enable instrument upgrades and new capabilities.
14
BER in Pictures
From genomes
High-throughput genome sequencing at
the Joint Genome Institute
… to …
proteins
… to …
Protein structure determinations
at the synchrotron light sources
From high-end computation
The Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling Project
… to …
plants and ecosystems
Collecting switchgrass samples for the
DOE Bioenergy Research Centers.
sophisticated field measurements
Raman lidar (ground-based laser sensor) at the ARM
Climate Research Facility (Oklahoma).
15
Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)
ASCR Mission: To discover, develop, and deploy computational and networking capabilities to analyze, model,
simulate, and predict complex phenomena relevant to DOE.
Priorities:
 Develop mathematical descriptions, models, methods, and algorithms to understand complex systems across
wide spatial and temporal scales
 Develop the underlying understanding and software to make effective use of computers at extreme scales and to
transform extreme-scale data into scientific insight
 Deliver forefront computational and networking capabilities to extend the frontiers of science
 Support mathematical and computational partnerships to advance key DOE & SC missions
 Develop networking and collaboration tools and facilities that enable scientists worldwide to work together
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant effort will be spent capitalizing on recent advances in computer power through multidisciplinary
research partnerships; advanced networking; and research efforts for next generation computer architectures.
 Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following Scientific Workshops and External Reviews
 Workshop series on science challenges and the potential role of extreme scale computing (2008-2009)
 National Research Council report, The Potential Impact of High End Capability Computing in Four
Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering (2008)
 Committee of Visitors - Computer Science (2009)
 Cyber Security Research Needs for Open Science (2007)
 Interagency coordination through the National Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD)
Program
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
16
ASCR FY 2010 Highlights
Research:
 Applied Mathematics Research continues to focus on advancing techniques and algorithms that enable
simulations at extreme scales, understanding massive data sets, and cybersecurity. 20% of the recently
announced SIAM fellows are supported by ASCR.
 Computer Science Research maintains its focus on developing operating systems, tools, programming models,
and data management for extreme scale computing with applications across science. A new effort for FY 2010
will support research in advanced computer architectures.
 Support for Computational Partnerships continues with the Scientific Discovery through Advance
Computing (SciDAC) Centers for Enabling Technologies, SciDAC Institutes, and Science Application
Partnerships as successful means of increasing the impact of computational science across the disciplines –
including the 2008 Gordon Bell Special Prize for Algorithms team.
 Next Generation Networking Research for Science will initiate new research efforts to focus on developing
technologies to support research and education networks such as ESnet.
Facilities:
 Leadership Computing Facilities (LCFs)—the most capable machines available to open science—receive
continued support for operations and site preparation for upgrades.
 Oak Ridge LCF multicore Cray Baker system will provide 1.64 petaflop capability
 Argonne LCF IBM Blue Gene/P system will provide 556 teraflop capability
 The National Energy Research Scientific Computing (NERSC) facility will be upgraded to a capacity of
approximately one petaflop to meet ever growing demand from the Office of Science researchers.
 ESnet will begin to deliver 100-400 gigabits per second connections to the Office of Science Laboratories in FY
2010 through support for operations and upgrades. ESnet was recently recognized by an Excellence.gov
award as the best in government for Effectively Leveraging Technology.
 Research and Evaluation prototypes will continue to support development of the next generation of leadership
computing systems.
17
ASCR in Pictures
ASCR supports major
computing facilities at
Argonne National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, and
Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory. ASCR also
supports the ESnet, linking
researchers across the U.S.
The new 1.64-petaflop Cray XT Jaguar – the fastest
computer for open science in the U.S. – features more
than 180,000 processing cores, each with 2 gigabytes of
local memory. The resources of the ORNL computing
complex provide a total performance of 2.5 petaflops.
Supernova core collapse
Turbulent combustion simulation
Grain boundary doping
Gallium arsenide quantum dot 18
ASCR in Pictures
Performance (flops)
1 Exa (1018)
1 Peta (1015)
1 Tera (1012)
1Giga (109)
19
Nuclear Physics (NP)
NP Mission: To discover, explore and understand all forms of nuclear matter and to understand how the fundamental
particles—quarks and gluons—fit together and interact to create different types of matter in the universe, including
those no longer found naturally.
Priorities:
 Understand how nucleons—protons and neutrons—combine to form atomic nuclei and how these nuclei have
emerged since the origin of the cosmos
 Using particle accelerators operating at less extreme energy ranges than those of HEP, illuminate the structure
of the nucleon—the core building block of matter; understand how quarks and gluons assemble to form
matter’s core; and search for undiscovered forms of matter
 Penetrate the respective mysteries surrounding the properties of the neutron and the neutrino
 Conceive, construct, and operate national scientific user facilities
 Steward isotope development, production, and technologies for research and applications
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant efforts will be spent in overseeing facility upgrades (the 12 GeV upgrade at CEBAF), the design of
a new facility (FRIB at MSU), and reestablishing the program for production of research isotopes and R&D of
isotope production techniques.
 Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following Scientific Workshops and External Reviews :
 The Nation’s Needs for Isotopes: Present and Future (2008)
 The Nuclear Science Advisory Committee 2007 Long Range Plan, The Frontiers of Nuclear Science
 Annual science and technology reviews of the national user facilities
 Interagency coordination on radioactive and stable isotopes
 DOE R&D coordination with DOE applied technology program on isotopes, AFCI, nuclear forensics, others
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
20
NP FY 2010 Highlights
Research:
 Core research supports research in the frontiers identified in the 2007 NSAC Long Range Plan: (1) quantum
chromodynamics, (2) nuclei and nuclear astrophysics, and (3) fundamental symmetries and neutrinos at national
and international facilities.
 Rare Isotope Beam Science Initiative MIE funding is initiated to support new investments in forefront science
opportunities at world-leading rare isotope beam facilities around the world
 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) conceptual design and R&D continues in FY 2010. FRIB is a next
generation nuclear structure and astrophysics machine that will map out the nuclear landscape.
 Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications supports research on targets,
separation technologies, and development of isotope production technologies for stable and radioactive isotopes,
as well as production of research isotopes.
 Nuclear Science Applications and Technology research supports nuclear physics research and technology
that is inherently relevant to a broad suite of applications
Facilities:
 Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) is supported at near optimal operations and the
12 GeV CEBAF Upgrade project continues
 Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is supported at near optimal operations; the Electron Beam Ion Source
construction project is complete in FY 2010; luminosity and detector upgrades continue.
 Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) is supported at near optimal operations for studies
questions of nuclear structure, the Californium Rare Ion Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) is completed in FY 2010
 Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) is supported at near optimal operations for studies of shortlived, exotic nuclei that don’t exist in nature
 Isotope Production Facilities at LANL and BNL, and isotope processing facilities at ORNL, BNL, and LANL
continue to support production of isotopes for commercial and research applications.
21
NP in Pictures
22
HEP in Pictures
 The Standard Model is a theory devised to explain how sub-atomic particles interact with each other.
 There are 16 particles that make up this model – 12 matter particles and 4 force carrier particles. But they would have no mass if considered
alone.
 The proposed Higgs boson explains why these particles have mass. Particles acquire their mass through interactions with an all-pervading
field, called the Higgs field, which is carried by the Higgs boson.
 There are now signs that the Standard Model will have to be extended by adding new particles.
23
High Energy Physics (HEP)
HEP Mission: To understand how our universe works at its most fundamental level by discovering the most
elementary constituents of matter and energy; probing the interactions between them; and exploring the basic nature
of space and time.
Priorities:
 Using the highest-energy particle accelerators, discover as yet undetected elementary particles, elucidate their
properties, and thereby advance our knowledge of the most fundamental forces of nature
 Using high intensity particle beams and/or high precision, ultra-sensitive detectors, observe very rare events that
help uncover the fundamental symmetries that govern the interactions of elementary particles
 Obtain new insights from instrument-assisted observations of naturally occurring processes in the cosmos
 Steward a national accelerator science program with a strategy that is inclusive and cross-disciplinary
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant effort will be spent in shifting the focus from operations of facilities built in the 1990’s in the U.S.
(SLAC B-factory and the Tevatron Collider) to the exploitation of the LHC and the design and construction of new
capabilities.
 Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following Scientific Workshops and External Reviews
 Report of the HEPAP Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel—P5 (2008)
 Annual Science and Technology Reviews of scientific user facilities
 Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee (AAAC) and NASA/NSF advisory committee reports to
DOE/HEP as well
 Interagency coordination and collaborations with NSF and NASA and international partnerships
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
24
HEP FY 2010 Highlights
Research:
 Research at the Energy Frontier funds support experimental collaborations at both Fermilab and the Large
Hadron Collider.
 Research at the Cosmic Frontier funds research and development towards a space-based instrument for
dark energy research as part of the Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM) with NASA.
 Research at the Intensity Frontier funds R&D and design efforts for a Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
(LBNE) and associated accelerator upgrades; and coordinated efforts for a Deep Underground Science and
Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) for a world-class program detecting very rare particle interactions
 Advanced Technology R&D—HEP’s stewardship of accelerator R&D includes research efforts in
Superconducting Radio Frequency technology that continue to develop the technologies required for more
powerful and efficient accelerators.
 Theoretical Research funds the computational simulations of Lattice Quantum ChromoDynamics (LQCD)
increases to support the second phase of this initiative
Facilities:
 Tevatron at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory—continues to experience world-record-breaking
luminosity; capabilities and experiments offer unprecedented opportunities to find clear evidence of
physics beyond the Standard Model
 Large Hadron Collider (LHC)—funding supports LHC detector operations, maintenance, computing, and R&D
necessary to maintain a U.S. leadership role in the LHC program
 NOvA neutrino detector – increased funding supports continued fabrication of detector, NOvA seeks to
answer fundamental questions about the origins of mass
 Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline at Fermilab will support ongoing neutrino experiments
25
Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
FES Mission: To advance the fundamental understanding of matter at very high temperatures and densities and
develop the scientific foundations needed for a fusion energy source
Priorities:
 Advance fundamental plasma science, spanning plasmas at low temperatures to those at achievable extremes
of pressure and temperature
 Understand the science of magnetically-confined plasmas to ultimately create, confine, and control a selfsustaining “burning plasma”
 Develop the fundamental understanding to fabricate materials that can withstand the material-plasma interface
and to develop other enabling technologies needed for a sustainable fusion energy source
 Conceive, construct, and operate open-access scientific user facilities that advance plasma and fusion energy
science; participate in the design and construction of ITER
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant effort will be focused on providing solutions to high-priority ITER issues, preparing the
comprehensive FES strategic plan, and completing the planning for the fusion simulation program.
 Scientific Workshops and Reports:





Advancing the Science of High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas (FESAC/Jan 2009)
Report of the FESAC Toroidal Alternates Panel (FESAC/Nov 2008)
Review of the DOE Plan for U.S. Fusion Community Participation in the ITER Program (National Research Council/Jul 2008)
Priorities, Gaps and Opportunities: Towards a Long-Range Strategic Plan for Magnetic Fusion Energy (FESAC/Oct 2007)
Plasma Science-Advancing Knowledge in the National Interest (National Research Council/2007)
 NSF/DOE Partnership in Basic Plasma Science and Engineering
 R&D coordination with NNSA in the area of high energy density laboratory plasmas
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
27
FES FY 2010 Highlights
Research:
 Research at Major Domestic Facilities—DIII-D, Alcator C-Mod, and NSTX—will continue to focus on providing
solutions to key high–priority ITER issues and build a firm scientific basis for ITER design and operation.
 Fusion Simulation Program planning activities increase.
 High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas (HEDLP) Joint Program between FES and NNSA commenced in
FY 2008 leverages NNSA experimental facilities to advance HED science, including fast ignition, laser-plasma
interaction, magnetized high energy density plasmas, plasma jets, and warm dense matter.
 Plasma Science Centers—academic centers of excellence that focus on fundamental issues of widely
recognized importance to plasma science while training the next generation of plasma scientists are funded in
FY 2010.
 A robust portfolio of Alternative Concept Experiments will continue to explore the science of magnetic plasma
confinement optimization through a variety of novel confinement concepts with plasma densities spanning twelve
orders of magnitude.
Facilities:
 Operations and Maintenance of Major Domestic Facilities are fully funded to provide for enhancements of
the major fusion research facilities—Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and NSTX—to meet the needs of the scientific
collaborators using the facilities.
 ITER is funded to support the U.S. share of the construction phase
 Matter in Extreme Conditions (LCLS End Station) is fully funded through the Recovery Act to explore the
science of materials under extreme temperatures and pressures.
 An Upgrade of NSTX is begun to double the magnetic field and current and possibly add a second neutral beam
heating system to increase the pulse length; the Conceptual Design Report and CD-1 are planned for FY 2010
28
FES in Pictures
Simulation of particle transport in a tokamak (ORNL)
NSTX plasma (PPPL)
3D simulations of RF heating in plasmas
representative of the ITER fusion reactor as
well as tokamaks such as the NSTX (ORNL)
29
Workforce Development for
Teachers and Scientists (WDTS)
WDTS Mission: To help DOE and the Nation have a sustained pipeline of highly trained science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics (STEM) individuals for the U.S. workforce.
Priorities:
 Increase participation of under-represented students and faculty in STEM energy-and-environment education
and careers, using opportunities afforded by the DOE national laboratories
 Contribute to the development of STEM K-16 educators through experiential-based programs
 Provide mentored research experiences to undergraduate students and faculty through participation in the
DOE research enterprise
 Provide graduate fellowships for the pursuit of advanced degrees in scientific disciplines that prepare U.S.
students for careers important to the Office of Science mission
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Significant effort will be spent in preparing to initiate SC-wide graduate fellowships program
 Efforts informed by External Review of WDTS program by panel of STEM experts (2009)
 Interagency coordination on science education through the National Science and Technology Council and
collaborations with the National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Atmospheric Administration,
the Federal Aviation Administration, and other agencies.
 Coordination with Office of Science programs and the DOE applied technology programs.
 2009 Recovery Act enhancements
30
WDTS FY 2010 Highlights
Student Programs:
 Student Undergraduate Research Internships—funding in FY 2010 will support 570 student internships at
the DOE national laboratories, up from 365 in FY 2009. Students spend an intensive 10-16 weeks working
under the mentorship of resident scientists.
 Community College Institute of Science and Technology—funding in FY 2010 will support 115 students
for mentored research internships at the DOE laboratories, up from 48 students in FY 2009.
 Pre-service Teachers—funding in FY 2010 will double the number of undergraduate students participating
in research internships at the DOE laboratories to 60. Participating students are preparing for careers as
K-12 STEM educators.
 The National Science Bowl—continues the annual regional and national competitions for middle school
and high school students. The NSB annually attracts over 22,000 high-achieving high school and
middle school students every year.
Educator Programs:
 DOE Academies Creating Teacher Scientists—supports 220 middle school and high school educators for
intensive mentored research experiences at the DOE national laboratories.
 Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellowship—supports 6 Fellows in FY 2010.
 Faculty and Student Teams—supports more than 60 faculty from Minority Serving Institutions in FY 2010.
Workforce Development Programs:
 Graduate Fellowships—the Office of Science will initiate a graduate fellowships programs in FY 2010 to
support students pursing advanced degrees in fields important to the Office of Science mission.
31
WDTS in Pictures
2009 National Science Bowl
Mira Loma High School from Sacramento, Calif.
32
Science Laboratory Infrastructure (SLI)
SLI Mission: To support scientific and technology innovation at the Office of Science (SC) laboratories by funding and
supporting mission-ready infrastructure and fostering safe and environmentally responsible operations. Paramount
among these is the provision of infrastructure necessary to ensure world leadership by the SC national laboratories in
basic scientific research now and in the future.
FY 2010 Highlights:
 The Laboratory Modernization Initiative—increases funding in FY 2010 to continue the ten-year capital
improvement plan to revitalize the 10 SC laboratories. The initiative currently includes approximately 35 projects.
 New projects funded in FY 2010:
 Research Support Building and Infrastructure Modernization (SLAC)
 Energy Science Building (ANL)
 Renovate Science Laboratories, Phase II (BNL)
 On-going projects with FY 2010 funding:
 Seismic Life-Safety, Modernization, and Replacement of General Purpose Buildings, Phase II (LBNL)
 Interdisciplinary Science Building, Phase I (BNL)
 Technology and Engineering Development Facility (TJNAF)
 Continued Stewardship Support for the Oak Ridge Reservation and Federal facilities in Oak Ridge
 Continued Payments in Lieu of Taxes (PILT) to local communities around ANL, BNL, and ORNL
 Discontinued funding for excess facilities
33
SLI FY 2010 Budget
(FY 2008=$66.861M; FY 2009=$ 145.380M; FY2009 ARRA=$198.114M; FY 2010 =$ 133.6M)
 Infrastructure Support funds the cleanup and removal of excess facilities at the SC laboratories, SC stewardship responsibilities for
over 24,000 acres of the Oak Ridge Reservation, and the Federal facilities in the town of Oak Ridge and PILT
 Excess Facilities Disposition. Bevatron D&D funding is completed in FY2009; funding for projects other than the Bevatron
was discontinued in FY 2009. Any SC excess facilities are now to be transferred to EM for disposition, completed with overhead
funds, or addressed in the Infrastructure Modernization Initiative projects. FY 2009 funding includes $10M for cleanup efforts at
ANL per Congressional direction (FY2008=$8.8M; FY2009=$24.8M; ARRA=$14.3M; FY2010=$0M)
 Oak Ridge Landlord. (FY2008=$5.033M; FY2009=$5.079M; FY2010=$5.079M)
 Payments in Lieu of Taxes. (FY2008=$1.506M; FY2009=$1.385M; FY2010=$1.520M)
 Construction funds line item construction projects. Projects are selected using a collaborative approach involving SC Site Offices,
Laboratory Chief Operating Officers, the SC Deputy Director for Field Operations and the SC Programs. Projects are evaluated and
prioritized based upon mission relevance, amount of deferred maintenance reduction, amount of excess infrastructure eliminated,
return on investment, and level of institutional commitment.
Ongoing and New Projects in FY 2010:
 Research Support Building and Infrastructure Modernization (SLAC) (FY2008=$0M; FY2009=$0M; FY2010=$8.9M)
 Energy Science Building (ANL) (FY2008=$0M; FY2009=$0M; FY2010=$10.0M)
 Renovate Science Laboratories, Phase II (BNL) (FY2008=$0M; FY2009=$0M; FY2010=$7.0M)
 Seismic Life-Safety, Modernization, and Replacement of General Purpose Buildings, Phase II (LBNL) (FY2008=$0M;
FY2009=$12.495M; ARRA=$15.0M; FY2010=$34.027M)
 Interdisciplinary Science Building, Phase I (BNL) (FY2008=$0M; FY2009=$8.24M; ARRA=$18.673M; FY2010=$39.387M)
 Technology and Engineering Development Facility (TJNAF) (FY2008=$0M; FY2009=$3.7M; FY2010=$27.687M)
Ongoing Projects with Funding Completed in FY 2009:
 Modernization of Laboratory Facilities (ORNL) (FY2008=$9.329M; FY2009=$25.103M; ARRA=$60.568M; FY2010=$0M)
 Physical Sciences Facility (PNNL) (FY2008=$24.773M; FY2009=$52.775M; FY2010=$0M)
 Renovate Science Laboratory, Phase I (BNL) (FY2008=$8.2M; FY2009=$6.642M; FY2010=$0M)
 Seismic Safety Upgrade of Buildings, Phase I (LBNL) (FY2008=$9.272M; FY2009=$2.617M; FY2010=$0M)
 OSTI Facility Improvements (FY2008=$0.0M; FY2009=$2.5M; FY2010=$0.0M)
34
SLI in Pictures
Research Support Building and Infrastructure Modernization, SLAC
Preliminary TEC Range: $80M - $96M
This project will integrate the lab’s Accelerator Physics community
across programmatic boundaries and will provide more uniform service
(training, ES&H, business services) for the lab-wide user community.
Project scope includes the construction of a modern office building for
technical staff currently dispersed throughout the site in aged trailers and
other inefficient locations and modernization of three facilities for
operations staff supporting the research mission.
Energy Sciences Building, ANL
Preliminary TEC Range: $84.5M - $95M
Renovate Science Labs 2, BNL
Preliminary TEC Range: $45M - $50M
Scope includes construction of a new multidisciplinary Energy
Sciences Building that will provide efficient and modern
research space to serve an interdisciplinary science
community working to discover and develop alternative
approaches to energy production, storage and utilization.
This project will upgrade and rehabilitate obsolete systems
in Buildings 510 (Physics) and 555 (Chemistry). Although
the basic core and shell construction of these buildings is
sound, the lab and office spaces and their utilities and
environmental support systems are obsolete.
35
Science Program Direction (SCPD)
SCPD Mission: To provide and sustain a skilled Federal workforce to provide oversight for the $5B Office of Science
(SC) portfolio and the 10 DOE Laboratories that report to the SC.
 SC Headquarters (HQ) staff is responsible for scientific program strategic planning, program budget formulation,
program implementation and execution, and management across the broad sweep of scientific disciplines and
program offices.
 Site Office personnel, located at each of the 10 DOE/SC laboratories, are responsible for the day-to-day
oversight of the management and operating contract performance.
 The Integrated Support Center, operated in partnership by the Chicago and Oak Ridge Offices, provides
administrative, business, and technical support across the entire SC enterprise.
 Federal staff at the Office of Scientific and Technical Information fulfill the Department’s legislative mandate to
provide public access to the results of DOE research programs.
Program Planning Factors for FY 2010:
 Increasing workload as a result of (1) increased SC funding from the FY 2009 Omnibus Appropriation; (2) the
FY 2009 ARRA funding; (3) additional oversight required of construction projects; and (4) significant additional
responsibilities asked of SC by Secretary Chu for interactions with the DOE technology offices.
 17 Committee of Visitors reports since FY 2002 have called for additional Program Managers and support staff at
HQ for virtually all Program Offices.
 SC succession planning—31% of SC employees become retirement eligible by FY 2010.
 Benchmark and Workload/Workforce Analysis Studies are underway to compare SC organizational structure and
budgets to a comparable government scientific agency (i.e., NIH) and identify relationships between workload
indicators, staffing requirements, and budget allocations.
36
SCPD FY 2010 Budget
(FY 2008=$177.8M; FY 2009=$186.7M; FY 2010 =$213.7M)
 Salaries and Benefits: Salaries and benefits funding in FY 2010 supports 1,149 Federal FTEs, this is an increase
of 83 FTEs from FY 2009. (FY2008=$129.5M; FY2009=$138.8M; FY2010=$155.9M)
 Travel: Includes all transportation, subsistence, and incidental travel expenses of SC’s Federal employees and
Advisory Committee members in accordance with the Federal Travel Regulations. Enables Federal staff to conduct
necessary site visits and programs reviews to effectively manage a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines and
ensure implementation of DOE requirements. (FY2008=$3.8M; FY2009=$4.6M; FY2010=$5.2M)
 Support Services: Includes contracts to provide both technical expertise and general administrative services and
activities. (FY2008=$22.8M; FY2009=$19.0M; FY2010=$24.3M)
 Other: Provides for common Department HQ administrative services including rent and building operations, phone
services, network connectivity, supplies/equipment, printing/graphics, photocopying, and operation and maintenance
of grants management software systems. (FY2008=$21.7M; FY2009=$24.3M; FY2010=$28.3M)
37
Safeguards and Security (S&S)
S&S Mission: To support the conduct of the DOE research missions at the Office of Science laboratories by ensuring
the appropriate levels of protections against unauthorized access, theft, diversion, loss of custody, destruction of DOE
assets, or hostile acts that may cause adverse impacts on fundamental science, national security, the health and
safety of DOE and contractor employees, the public, and the environment.
Safeguards and Security functions:
 Protective Forces—security officers/access control officers
 Security Systems—personnel, equipment, hardware and software structures, and procedures used to protect
S&S interests
 Information Security—policies and procedures for identifying, marking, and protecting classified and sensitive
unclassified information and materials
 Cyber Security—protection of computing resources and data against unauthorized access
 Personnel Security—execution of policies and procedures for granting access to classified material, and
granting Foreign National access to DOE facilities.
 Material Control and Accountability—systems and procedures necessary to establish and track nuclear
material inventories, control access to and detect loss or diversion of nuclear material.
 Program Management—security policy oversight and administration for general requirements
38
S&S FY 2010 Budget
(FY 2008=$75.9M; FY 2009=$ 80.6M; FY 2010 =$ 83.0M)
 Budget Request by Site: Supports Protective Forces, Security Systems, Information Security, Cyber Security,
Personnel Security, Material Control and Accountability, and Program Management (oversight and administration of
requirements).
 Ames Laboratory (FY2008=$0.9M; FY2009=$1.0M; FY2010=$1.0M)
 Argonne National Laboratory (FY2008=$8.6M; FY2009=$8.5M; FY2010=$8.7M)
 Brookhaven National Laboratory (FY2008=$10.9M; FY2009=$11.3M; FY2010=$11.5M)
 Chicago Office (FY2008=$2.0M; FY2009=$1.6M; FY2010=$0.0M)
 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FY2008=$2.2M; FY2009=$1.7M; FY2010=$3.4M)
 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (FY2008=$5.0M; FY2009=$5.0M; FY2010=$5.1M)
 Oak Ridge National Laboratory (FY2008=$7.6M; FY2009=$9.0M; FY2010=$8.9M)
 Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (FY2008=$1.7M; FY2009=$1.6M; FY2010=$1.6M)
 Oak Ridge Office (FY2008=$18.6M; FY2009=$18.7M; FY2010=$19.2M)
 Office of Science and Technology Information (FY2008=$0.6M; FY2009=$0.5M; FY2010=$0.5M)
 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (FY2008=$11.1M; FY2009=$11.2M; FY2010=$11.2M)
 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (FY2008=$2.4M; FY2009=$2.1M; FY2010=$2.1M)
 SLAC National Accelerator Facility (FY2008=$2.6M; FY2009=$2.5M; FY2010=$2.6M)
 Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (FY2008=$1.6M; FY2009=$1.3M; FY2010=$1.3M)
 Other (supports continuation and management of consistent cyber security across SC laboratory complex
and other S&S activities) (FY2008=$0.1M; FY2009=$4.6M; FY2010=$5.9M)
39