Transcript Великобритания

Great Britain
The British Isles
To the northwest of Europe
you can see the British Isles
which consist of two large
islands: Great Britain and
Ireland and about five thousand
small islands.
The British Isles are separated
from the European continent by
the English Channel and the
Straits of Dover. The west coast
is washed by the Atlantic Ocean
and the Irish Sea; the east coast
is washed by the North Sea.
Countries on the British Isles
Two
countries
are
situated on the British Isles:
the United Kingdom and the
Irish Republic.
The UK includes Great Britain
and the northern part of the
island of Ireland. The Irish
Republic occupies the rest of
the island.
Great Britain or the UK?
The official name of
the country is the
United Kingdom of
Great
Britain
and
Northern Ireland. But it
is often called Great
Britain because the most
part of the country lies
on the island of the
same name.
The Parts of the United Kingdom
The
United
Kingdom
consists
of
four
parts:
England, Wales, Scotland,
and Northern Ireland. There
are four main nationalities in
the country: the English, the
Welsh, the Scots and the Irish.
Each of them has its own
language and culture.
England, Wales, Scotland
and Northern Ireland
England is the largest part of the United Kingdom.
Wales lies to the west of England.
Scotland is the northern part of Great Britain.
Northern Ireland occupies one third of the island of
Ireland.
Britain’s National Symbols
Each
part
of
the
United
Kingdom has its own patron saint
and floral emblem: England – St.
George and the Rose, Scotland
– St. Andrew, the Thistle and
Scottish Bluebell, Wales – St.
David and the Daffodil, Northern
Ireland – St. Patrick and the
Shamrock.
The National Symbol of England
The national flower of
England is the rose.
The flower has been adopted as
England’s emblem since the time of
the Wars of the Roses (between the
royal house of Lancaster, whose
emblem was a red rose and the
royal house of York, whose emblem
was a white rose).
The National Symbols of Wales
The national flower of
Wales is the daffodil,
which is traditionally worn
on St. David’s Day. The
vegetable called leek is
also considered to be a
traditional
emblem
of
Wales.
The National Symbol of Scotland
The national flower of
Scotland is the thistle, a
prickly-leaved purple flower
which was first used in the
15th century as a symbol of
defence.
The
Scottish
Bluebell is also seen as the
flower of Scotland.
The Symbols of Northern Ireland
The national flower of
Northern
Ireland
is
the
shamrock. An Irish tale tells of
how Patrick used the shamrock
to
explain
the
Trinity:
the
Father, the Son, and the Holy
Spirit could all exist as separate
elements of the same entity.
The Landscape of the British Isles
The surface of the British Isles varies very much.
The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called
the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful
valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands.
Mountains
The north and the west
of
England
are
mountainous, but all the
rest is a vast plain.
Mountains are not very
high. Ben Nevis in
Scotland is the highest
mountain (1,343 m).
Rivers
There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain (the
Thames, the Avon, the Clyde, the Severn), but they are
not very long. The Severn is the longest river in the
country, while the Thames is the deepest and the most
important one.
Lakes
There are also many lakes, especially in Scotland and
in the Lake District in England.
London, the Capital of the UK
London is the capital of Great Britain, its
political, economic and commercial centre. It is one
of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in
Europe. It stands on the river Thames which flows
into the North Sea, so London is the largest port and
one of the main ship-building centres.
Some London’s Sights
London has a lot of
sights.
The famous landmarks
are Westminster Abbey,
Buckingham
Palace,
Big Ben, Tower Bridge,
Madame
Tussaud’s,
The Sherlock Holmes
Museum, The Tate
Gallery and so on.
Big Ben and Westminster Abbey
The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is
famous for its big Hour Bell, known as "Big Ben".
Westminster Abbey is the place, where the coronation of
nearly all kings and queens have taken place.
Madame Tussaud’s Museum
Madame Tussaud’s
is a famous museum in
London started in 1835
by a French wax sculptor
Marie Tussaud.
It contains wax figures of
famous people from past
and present.
The Sherlock Holmes Museum
The
Sherlock
Holmes Museum is the
most popular museum
in London, dedicated to
the legendary detective
Sherlock Holmes. It is
situated near the north
end of Baker Street in
the central London
close to Regent's Park.
The Tate Gallery
The Tate Gallery
was founded in 1897 as
the National Gallery of
British Art. When its role
was changed to include
modern
art
it
was
renamed the Tate Gallery
after Henry Tate, who
had laid the foundations
for the collection.
The Main Cities of the Country
London is not only the capital of the UK, it’s also
the main city of England. Cardiff is the capital of
Wales, Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and
Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.
Cardiff
Cardiff
is
the
capital of Wales and a
large port. It has many
industries
such
as
machine-building
and
food industry. The main
buildings of Cardiff are
Cardiff Castle, City Hall,
the Public Library and
University College.
Edinburgh
The capital of Scotland
is Edinburgh. Many great
people have lived and
worked
there:
Robert
Burns, Walter Scott, Robert
Lois Stevenson and others.
Every year in September
Edinburgh Festival is held
in the city.
Belfast
The
capital
of
Northern
Ireland
is
Belfast. It is the largest
city in this part of the UK
and one of the main
ship-building centres.
Thank you for attention!