Transcript Cream and Ointment - International Islamic University Malaysia

Creams
An introduction it is not
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KAUSAR AHMAD
KULLIYYAH OF PHARMACY, IIUM
http://staff.iium.edu.my/akausar
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Contents
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 Types of creams
 Mode of action
 Factors influencing efficacy
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Manifestation of skin problem
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Example of Cream for the treatment of eczema
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http://www.freederm.com/
CLAIMS:
stops itching,
heals and softens the
skin,
kills bacteria that
causes irritation.
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Considerations in Dosage Design
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Types of ailments
e.g.
 Headache
 Cough
 Rashes
 Fever
 Cold
Delivery route of
medications
e.g.
 Oral
 Ocular
 Buccal
 Percutaneous/Transdermal

Skin is barrier

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CREAMS, gels, pastes,
poultices
Cream
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a viscous, semisolid emulsion of oil
• e.g. lanolin or petrolatum, and water, the main
ingredient being water
Preferable
• spreads readily
oil-in-water
• Non-greasy
• aqueous cream as water washable bases
• e.g. hydrocortisone cream
water-in-oil
• greasy
• e.g. emollient & cleansing
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Ointment
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 ointment - a semisolid emulsion of oil and water,
the main ingredient being oil

many topical drugs

specially formulated ophthalmic ointments
 applied
topically to the eye without causing
irritation
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Mode of action
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1) Local and topical
2) Localised systemic action
In intimate contact with skin with
the site of action for a period of time
Penetrate through skin
Release drugs from base & penetrate
across different layers of skin
e.g. sunscreen
Reach local circulation underneath
skin
e.g. acne
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Interfacial
boundaries
Surface
Stratum
corneum
Penetration routes
Treatments
Drug dissolves, diffuse, 10
release from vehicle
Emollient
Exfoliant
Transepidermal
partition./diffusion
Appendages
Transappendageal
Pilosebaceous unit
Eccrine/
apocrine
gland
Viable
epidermis
Partition/ diffusion
Dermis
Circulation
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Insect repellent
Anti-microbial
Partition/ diffusion
Remove via circulation
Anti-perspirant
Antiinflammatory
Anaesthetic
Anti-pruritic
Transdermal
system
Factors influencing efficacy
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 Diffusion through skin

Partition coefficient, pH, solubility….at the various
layers of the skin

Can be modified by surfactants
 Factors influencing absorption

Age, skin condition, drug/skin/vehicle interactions,
temperature……
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e.g. Zinc cream BP (w/o)
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 ZnO suspended in a w/o emulsion of peanut oil.
 The emulsifying agent is calcium oleate and wool
fat.
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e.g. W/O emulsifying agent
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 Wool fat
 Wool alcohols
 A fatty acid ester of sorbitan
 The salt of a fatty acid
 A divalent metal Ca++
Q What is the HLB no. of above?
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e.g. Aqueous cream BP
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30% of emulsifying ointment with purified water
preserved with chlorocresol.
 Boil and cool sufficient purified water. Measure the
quantity required and dissolve the chlorocresol with the aid
of gentle heat.
 Add solution to the melted emulsifying ointment. Stir
gently until cold.
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e.g. O/W emulsifying agents
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 Alkali salt of a fatty acid e.g. potassium oleate
 PEG derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester
Q What is the HLB no of the above?
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Ingredients of FreeDermHC
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 API

1% hydrocortisone
 Excipients








deionized water,
polawax
cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate,
dimethicone, propylene glycol,
methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea,
benzylalkonium chloride,
triethanolamine,
citric acid.
Q What is the function of each ingredient above?
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Conclusion
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Disadvantages
 Incomplete

easily brushed off
Advantages
 Convenient
 Easy to administer
 Dose not known
 Localised
 Dose accuracy not
 Immediate effect
maintained
 Microbial growth if WATER
is contaminated

Shorter shelf life
compared to solid dosage
forms
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 Prompt drug withdrawal
 Easy to manufacture
Exercise
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Describe the function of the following creams and
identify the active ingredients:
 Ellgy
 Mecdema
 Sun Sense
 Fucidin
 Elomet
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References
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Gennaro, A. R. (2000). Remington: The Science and Practice of
Pharmacy 20th Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and
Wilkins. p 836-857
Ansel, H. C., Allen, V. & Poovich, N. G. (1999). Pharmaceutical
dosage forms and drug delivery systems 7th Ed. Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. p 244-262
Weiner, M. L. & Kotkoskie, L. A. (2000). Excipient Toxicity and
Safety. New York: Marcel Dekker. Chapter 7 (Library: RS201)
Magdassi ,S. & Touitou, E. (1999) . Novel Cosmetic Delivery
Systems. New York: Marcel Dekker. Chap 9 (Librray: TP983.3)
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