Transcript Document
Popcorn Prisms Surface Area & Volume To do the next two lessons, you need to know... •That a prism is a 3-dimensional shape with 2 identical parallel bases. •The formulas for SA (surface area) and for V (volume) of a rectangular prism and a cylinder. Let’s start in the beginning… Before you can do surface area or volume, you have to know the following formulas. Rectangle A = lw Circle A = πr² C = πd Let’s start with a rectangular prism. Surface area can be done using the formula SA = 2 lw + 2 lw + 2 lw you can find the area OR for each surface and add them up. Either method will give you the same answer. Volume of a rectangular prism is V = lwh Example: 7 cm 4 cm Surface Area 8 cm Front/back 2(8)(4) = 64 cm² Left/right 2(4)(7) = 56 cm² Top/bottom 2(8)(7) = 112 cm² Add them up! SA = 232 cm² Volume V = lwh V = 8(4)(7) V = 224 cm³ CIRCLES You must know the difference between RADIUS and DIAMETER. Center of the circle r d SURFACE AREA of a CYLINDER. Imagine that you can open up a cylinder like so You can see that the surface is made up of two circles and a rectangle. The length of the rectangle is the same as the circumference of the circle! EXAMPLE: Round to the nearest TENTH. Top or bottom circle Rectangle A = πr² C = length A = π(3.1)² C=πd A = π(9.61) C = π(6.2) A = 30.2 cm² C = 19.5 cm Now add: 30.2 + 30.2 + 234 = Now the area A = lw A = 19.5(12) A = 234 cm² SA = 294.4 in² There is also a formula to find surface area of a cylinder. Some people find this way easier: SA = 2πrh + 2πr² SA = 2π(3.1)(12) + 2π(3.1)² SA = 2π (37.2) + 2π(9.61) SA = π(74.4) + π(19.2) SA = 233.7 + 60.4 SA = 294.1 in² The answers are REALLY close, but not exactly the same. That’s because we rounded in the problem. Find the radius and height of the cylinder. The formula tells you what to do!!!! Remember the order of operations. You multiply before you add. 2πrh + 2πr² means multiply 2(π)(r)(h) + 2(π)(r)(r) Volume of a Cylinder We used this drawing for our surface area example. Now we will find the volume. V = (πr²)(h) V = (π)(3.1²)(12) optional step! V = (π)(3.1)(3.1)(12) V = 396.3 in³ ARE YOU READY? Let’s see what you can do with POPCORN PRISMS! YUM!!