Transcript CHINA - Kentucky Department of Education

Company
LOGO
CHINA
KEY TERMS
• Opium War = conflict btwn China & Britain
in 1839 over trade imbalance; British force
Chinese govt. to allow sale of British
opium in China
• Unequal Treaties = treaties that China
was pressured into signing with Britain that
favored the British
• Extraterritoriality = British made Brits
accused of crime in China allowed to have
trial in Britain
TERMS (cont)
• Taiping Rebellion = Movement, led by
Hong Xiuquan in 1850s, that attempted to
overthrow Chinese Qing Dynasty & est.
“Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace”;failed
• Open Door Policy = policy proposed by
U.S. Sec. of State, John Hay, that opened
China to trade with any major nation (U.S.)
• Boxer Rebellion = uprising of Chinese
nationalists (Boxers) against imperialism
of foreigners in China in 1900; European
nations &U.S. sent troops to defeat them
Terms (cont)
• Sun Yat-sen & Revolution of 1911 = Sun
Yat-sen was Chinese nationalist who led
revolution against weak Qing Dynasty in
1911; In 1912, Chinese emperor abdicated
& China became a republic
Causes
• How did imperialism begin in China?
1. British and other European powers desired
trade with China for its wealth of natural
resources & plentiful population
2. British open trade with China in 1830s; tea,
spices, silk, porcelain
3. Soon, other European powers were joining
in to claim “spheres of influence” for
themselves
4. By 1900, U.S. anxious to trade with China &
issue the Open Door policy to world
Effects
• What impact did imperialism have on
China?
1. By 1900, China had fallen under almost
complete control of foreign industrialized
powers
2. Although several Chinese nationalist groups
had tried to modernize their govt. or oust
foreign influence, were all unsuccessful at
gaining independence
3. By 1912, the long-ruling Qing Dynasty had
come to an end and China became a weak
republic under Sun Yat-sen