Transcript Project Organized Learning - POL

Project Organized Learning - POL
What is a problem based project?
• The Aalborg model:
– PBL, Projects, Team work
•
•
•
•
A four phase model of a Project
Analysing: why, what and how?
Reflection for action
Exercise, start analysing your project
1
2
The Aalborg model
- one way of dealing with PBL
Key words:
• Problem based learning
• Projects
• Team work
3
Team work
What ?
• A group of students working together on a
project
• They have to both carry out the project and
document the results
• Based on the documentation there is a group
examination, but the marks are individual
4
Team work
Why ?
• A survey in 1997 showed that 75% of the
companies wanted new employees to have
good skills in team work
• The individual student in the group learns
from the others (synergy)
• Extra: Responsibility towards the group
leads to very hard work
5
Team work
How ?
• Each group has a group room
• Group size of 6-8 students first year, 2-3
students last year
• Students are in charge of forming groups
• Team building courses:
– Roles, communication, co-operation, conflicts
6
Projects
What ?
• A unique task
• Have a lot of complex activities
• Needs several people with different skills
• Have a final goal/objective
• Limited resources (time, money, people)
• Have to deliver a result at a given time:
– As a minimum a written report
7
Projects
Why ?
• More and more companies use project
organization
• Much engineering work is performed as
projects
• Motivates the students
• Leads to student activity
• Improves documentation skills
• Secures deep learning in subjects covered in
the project
8
Projects
How ?
• One project each semester
• Necessary theories and methods given in
project courses
9
Structure of a semester:
Study courses
Project courses
Examination
50% - 33%
50% - 67%
Project
Examination
10
Timing of a semester
Project courses
Study courses
Project
11
Projects
How ?
• One project each semester
• Necessary theories and methods given in
project courses
• Each group has (at least) one supervisor
• Documentation:
– a written report, oral defence, (construction)
• Courses in:
– project management and planning
12
Problem based learning
What ?
• The project groups choose their own
problem to work with in the projects
• The problem has to be analyzed within a
relevant context before it can be solved or
analyzed further
• The problem determines the choice of
methods and theories to be used
13
Problem based learning
Why ?
• Real world problems are interdisciplinary and
complex
• It is a learner-centred process
• It meets the learners' interests and enhances
motivation
• It emphasizes development of analytical,
methodological and transferable skills
14
Problem based learning
How ?
You try to solve real problems and to learn
most about them you:
• Wonder
• Doubt
• Ask questions
• Point out contradictions
• Analyse what seems obviously
15
A four phase model of a Project
Student
Project
too broad
Industriel
Project
Analyse
Design
Implementation
Test
P0
P1
Student
The ideal
Project
too narrow Student Project
16
Why is analysing important?
LP
Wife
Water
What shall I do to get to my wife?
17
What is analysis?
Get an overview of the problem
• Asking Questions
• See Perspectives
Divide into different aspects
• Top Down
• Bottum Up
Look critically at all aspects
• Estimate
• Measure
• Compare
18
•
How to start analysing –
presentation of two tools
The six W- model
What?
Why?
Whom?
•
How?
Post It Brain storm
1.
2.
3.
4.
Where?
Problem
When?
Everybody writes keywords on Post It notes for 5 min
All notes are placed on the blackboard
All notes are read out
Everybody goes to the blackboard and structures the notes
together
19
Semester Theme
Problem-based project-organised learning in
Electrical Engineering and Information
Technology.
Purpose:
• To give the students a comprehension and
understanding of the problem-based learning
method, which is being used at AAU.
• To give the students experience with project work in
connection with problems within the areas: Electrical
Engineering and Information Technology, together
with the corresponding documentation (report
writing).
• To give the students knowledge in specific areas
20
related to their choice of specialisation.
Contents:
P0: (1 period, 5 weeks)
• Preparation of problem formulation, project
delimitation and time schedule for the P1-work.
• The supervisor will give a short description of the
initiating problem.
• The students will carry out analysis, identification of
central knowledge areas, knowledge seeking, and
planning of the P1-project period.
• P0 is ended with a common evaluation seminar,
where the students present their work and receive
criticism from supervisors and fellow students.
21
Reflection for action
• If someone in your group has some
experience with project work/group work the
discus it with the other group members.
• Based on the purpose of the semester and
the specific content of the P0 period, discus
your expectations to the P0 period and to
each other.
• Write the expectations on a slide as key
words and present it for the other groups.
22
How is the structure of a project
report?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
FrontPage – often with a picture/illustration
Title page – with all relevant information
Preface – guidance, acknowledge
Contents – to get an overview of the project
Chapter 1 – remember references
:
Chapter n – remember references
Literature
Appendix – what you have accomplished
Enclosure – ”copies” from others
23
How to make references
1.
The Harvard method (Jensen, 2001a:21)
http://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/harvard.html
2.
By numbers [2]
Literature is the listed alphabetic (1) or numbered (2). We
have to know all possible information's to be able to find
the quoted source:
Books: Author(s), year, title, publisher, ISBN or ISSN no.
Journals: As above + name of journal, number and date
Internet: URL and date for downloading
Persons: Name, title, company
24
Exercise:
• Use the 6 W- model to start analysing your project.
This way you “walk” around the problem and can be
fairly sure to discover most of the aspects of the
project.
• Afterwards you can use the post it brain storm to find
out both what it would be appropriate to analyse and
to structure the analyse.
25