Prevention Agenda 2013-2017:

New York State ’s Health Improvement Plan

Vision and Proposed Public Health Priorities Gus Birkhead, MD, MPH New York State Department of Health Presentation to the New York State Public Health Association Annual Meeting April 19, 2012

Presentation Outline

• • • • • • • • Vision Scope Goals Context for Health Improvement Efforts Cross Cutting Principles Criteria to Select Priorities Existing Prevention Agenda Priorities Proposed New Priorities 2

Vision New York is the Healthiest State

3

Context: The Public Health System

Adapted from : The Future of the Public

’

s Health in the 21 st Century. IOM 2003

Goals

1.

Improve the health status of all New Yorkers

across selected public health priority areas and close racial, ethnic, socio-economic and other health disparities including those among persons with disabilities in those areas.

5

Goals

2. Advance a

“

Health in All Policies

”

approach in New York State

that addresses the broader determinants of health by increasing awareness and action for health outside the traditional health sector.

3. Strengthen governmental and non-governmental public health infrastructure

at state and local levels.

6

Goals

4. Create and strengthen sustainable public-private and multi-sector partnerships

that align policies and investments with public health improvement goals at all levels.

5. Further strengthen and promote the case for investment in prevention and public health

as a way to both control health care costs and increase economic productivity by increasing the health of individuals and communities.

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Context

• • • • • Progress on the Prevention Agenda 2008-12 New York State’s Health Status Health Care Reform: National and State Funding Environment for Public Health How Health Improvement is Produced 8

Context:

New York Profile

Prevention Agenda 2008-2012

• Progress on Local Community Collaboration • Progress on Key Health Indicators, including diversity and disparities http://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/health_improvem ent_plan/docs/progress_to_date_prevention_agenda_color.pdf

• New York State’s Health Status http://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/health_improvem ent_plan/docs/population_and_general_health.pdf

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County Health Department Priorities

40 35

Prevention Agenda, 2008-12

35 35

Prevention Agenda Priorities Selected by Counties

38 38

30 25

• Chronic Disease • Access to health care 31 31 • Physical Activity and Nutrition Access to Quality Health Care Chronic Disease Community Preparedness Healthy Environment

20

Healthy Mothers, Babies, Children

15 10

5 5 12 12 13 6 Infectious Disease Mental Health and Substance Abuse Physical Activity and Nutrition Tobacco Use Unintentional Injury

5

2

0 *N=57

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Hospital Priorities Prevention Agenda, 2008-12

70% 60% 50% 50% 62% • Chronic Disease • Access to health care 40% 30% 20% 18% 10% 6% 3% 6% 0% N* (number of CSPs submitted) = 132 * Multiple hospitals may have submitted one CSP 19% Access to Quality Health Care Chronic Disease Community Preparedness Physical Activity and Nutrition 32% • Tobacco 10% Healthy Environment Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children Infectious Disease Mental Health and Substance Abuse Physical Activity and Nutrition Tobacco Use Unintentional Injury 11

LHD Progress on top five priorities Prevention Agenda, 2010

12

• • • • •

Progress to Date: 2010 Status Of 51 Prevention Agenda Indicators

35 Indicators improving

–

3 Indicators achieved target:

•

Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalizations

•

Newly Diagnosed HIV Case Rate

•

Motor Vehicle Related Mortality 14 Indicators moving in the wrong direction 1 Indicator unchanged 1 Indicator no new data Disparities not improving

13

What is “Public Health”?

• Institute of Medicine (2003): The mission of public health is to fulfill society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can lead healthy lives.

• Three core functions: • Assessment • Policy Development • Assurance IOM.

The Future of Public Health

, 1988

Characteristics of a Public Health Approach

• • • • • Prevention Population Health Perspective “Environmental” as opposed to individual focus Interdisciplinary and intersectoral Community involvement

1. Access to Quality Health Care

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

2. Tobacco Use

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

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3. Healthy Mothers, Babies & Children

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

4. Physical Activity and Nutrition

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

5. Unintentional Injury

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease 0.0% -- Met Prevention Agenda Objective

6. Healthy Environment

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

7. Chronic Disease

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease Met Prevention Agenda Objective

8. Infectious Dise ase

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease Met Prevention Agenda Objective

9. Mental Health/ Substance Abuse

Percentage Difference From Current Rate to PA Objective Goal: Increase <|> Goal: Decrease

Context:

National Health Care Reform

• Increased number of insured individuals, • Expanded set of services: preventive services rated as A or B by U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to be provided without cost sharing, • Improved coordination of care through Medical and Health Homes and Accountable Care Organizations.

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Context:

State Health Care Reform

• Increased support for preventive services and community-based supportive services through Medicaid Redesign Team proposals.

• Health Exchange for Value Based Purchasing.

• Improvements in Information Technology including all payer data base and development of State Health Information Network-NY.

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Context:

Shrinking funding for public health

• Federal grant reductions to NY in past 2 yrs: – – – Preventive Health Services Block Grant Lead Poisoning HIV Prevention • State Reductions in 2011-12 – – Tobacco Control State Aid for optional programs operated by Local Health Departments • Local county reductions 27

Context:

How Health Improvement is Produced Dahlgren G, Whitehead M. 1991. Policies and Strategies to Promote Social Equity in Health. Stockholm, Sweden: Institute for Futures Studies.

28

Context:

Framework for improving health Frieden T., A Framework for Public Health Action: The Health Impact Pyramid.

American Journal of Public Health.

2010; 100(4): 590-595 29

Cross Cutting Principles

1.

The broad determinants of health are an essential area for intervention that can yield benefits for multiple health issues.

2.

The voice of the most affected communities must be part of the improvement process at all stages.

3.

The awareness and capacity for local communities to actively address their health problems should be strengthened.

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Cross Cutting Principles

4.

Infrastructure capacities (workforce, IT, data availability, emergency preparedness, convening partnerships) are uneven across the governmental public health system and need to be bolstered to yield improvements in all target areas.

31

Cross Cutting Principles

5.

Collaboration is critical across multiple domains and at all levels: across agencies, between state and local agencies, among counties and cities and between public and private organizations.

32

Cross Cutting Principles

6.

The integration of public health and personal health care systems (especially primary care) across all settings and across the lifespan should be strengthened.

7.

Evidence-based strategies are best, but not always available. Promising Practices and Next Practices should also be acceptable strategies for improvement. 33

Suggested Criteria to Consider in Selecting Priority Actions • • • • Disease burden There are evidence-based (or promising or “ next practice ” ) interventions to prevent causes of the health problem Feasibility (resources, infrastructure) Community/partner support • • • Health departments have leverage to make change Can move the needle on health disparities Can be monitored with specific, quantifiable measures 34

Prevention Agenda 2008-2012 Priorities Areas

• • • • • • • • • • Access to Quality Health Care Chronic Disease Community Preparedness Healthy Environment Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children Infectious Disease Mental Health and Substance Abuse Physical Activity and Nutrition Tobacco Use Unintentional Injury 35

Proposed Priority Areas

Prevent Chronic Diseases Advance a Healthy Environment Promote Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children Prevent Substance Abuse, Depression, and other Mental Illness Prevent HIV, STIs and Vaccine Preventable Diseases 36

Proposed Priorities:

Prevent Chronic Diseases

Heart disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and diabetes all share the risk factors of diet, exercise, tobacco, alcohol and associated obesity – Example Strategies: increase access to healthy foods and active transit; decrease access to alcohol and tobacco; – Example Measures: obesity rates; tobacco use among adults and youth; tobacco use among the Medicaid population; diabetes prevalence; prevalence of heart disease. 37

Proposed Priorities:

Advance a Healthy Environment

where people live, work, play and learn – Example strategies: anti-idling ordinances; lead remediation in housing; healthy community design; education to prevent food-borne disease; school-based violence prevention; healthy homes.

– Example measures: asthma hospitalization rate, homicide rate by race/ethnicity; outdoor air quality; falls-related hospitalizations. 38

Proposed Priorities:

Promote Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children

– Example strategies: increase access to reproductive health services and prenatal care; promote breastfeeding friendly hospitals; support water fluoridation; ensure sex education in schools. – Example measures: teen pregnancy rate; maternal mortality; low birthweight; prenatal care by race/ethnicity; percent of 3 rd grade children with untreated tooth decay; prevalence of breastfeeding among WIC mothers. 39

Proposed Priorities:

Prevent Substance Abuse, Depression, and other Mental Illness

– Example strategies: reduce alcohol access to youth; promote responsible prescribing practices for opioids; increase depression screening and referrals in primary care and other health care settings.

– Example measures: percent reporting poor mental health status 14+ days/month; hospitalizations due to drug overdoses; suicide rate.

40

Proposed Priorities:

Prevent HIV, STIs and Vaccine Preventable Diseases

– Example strategies: test and treat policies; drug treatment referrals; increasing community demand for vaccines; promote safer sex practices. – Example measures: new case rates, newly diagnosed HIV case rate by race/ethnicity, immunization rates. 41

Please Provide Feedback

• To provide feedback on Prevention Agenda 2008-12 and proposed priorities for Prevention Agenda 2013, please contact a member of the Ad Hoc Committee to Lead the State Health Improvement Plan at: [email protected]

• For more information on the Prevention Agenda, visit: www.health.ny.gov/PreventionAgenda2013 42

Tobacco Use

Percentage Change From Baseline to Current

• • •

Indicators with Improvement

% Cigarette Smoking in Adolescents (-22.7%)* % Smoking in Adults (-14.8%) Lung Cancer Incidence: Male (-8.5%) • •

Indicators Moving in the Wrong Direction

COPD Hospitalizations among Adults (+3.8%) Lung Cancer Incidence: Female (+2.8%) *Meets HP2020 Target

30 000

Estimated Number of Deaths Due to Modifiable Behaviors, New York State, 2009 26 222

46% of all deaths are attributed to these eight modifiable behaviors

25 000

22 021

20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000

5 071 4 521 3 315 2 592 1 748 1 206

0

Tobacco Poor diet and physical inactivity Alcohol Consumption Microbial agents Toxic agents Motor vehicle crashes Incidents involving firearms Unsafe sexual behaviors

Estimates were extrapolated using the results published in "Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000", JAMA, March 2004, 291 (10) and NYS 2009 death data

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Percentage of Adults Who are Current Smokers, New York State and U.S., 2001-2010 HP2020: 12%

46 Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

30 A Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults 18 Years and Older Who Were Current Smokers by Race/Ethnicity, New York State, 2001-2009 15 10 25 20

HP2020: 12%

5 0 Source: BRFSS 2001-2003 2002-2004 White non-Hispanic 2003-2005 2004-2006 Black non-Hispanic 2005-2007 Asian non-Hispanic 2006-2008 Hispanic 2007-2009 Total 47