Transcript Methods of Participation - University of Texas at Austin

GIS in Water Resources
Consortium
GIS
Water
Resources
Bringing together these two communities by
using a common geospatial data model
Goals for the Conference
• Describe GIS object modeling process for
water resources
• Obtain feedback on Arc Hydrology Data
Model
• Form a larger core group of people to work on
the model
• Discuss how to make the Consortium more
effective
Conference Program
• Wednesday morning
– ESRI’s Technical
Vision for Object
Modeling in GIS (Dale
Honeycutt, ESRI)
– Object Modeling for
GIS in Water
Resources (David
Maidment, CRWR)
• Wednesday afternoon
– Building the Arc
Hydrology Data Model
(Kim Davis and Tim
Whiteaker)
– Implementation
perspectives
•
•
•
•
Roy Dodson
Tom Evans
Michael Blongewicz
Cindy McKay
Wednesday evening: Conference Party
at the Renaissance Hotel, 6:30-9:30
Conference Program
• Thursday morning
– Detailed Structure of
the Data Model
– Attaching Behavior to
Objects and
Programming in the
Geodatabase
• Thursday afternoon
– Breakout sessions for
feedback
• Friday morning
– The role of grid and
TIN in the
Geodatabase context
(Steve Kopp, ESRI)
– Future activity of the
GIS in Water
Resources Consortium
CRWR
CRWR
Consortium Membership
• Research Members: $25,000+ per year to support
basic investigations
– ESRI, Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission
(TMDL &WAM), Lower Colorado River Authority
• Technical Members: $10,000 per year by donation or
in-kind support
– Dodson and Associates; Camp, Dresser & McKee
• Business Members: ESRI business partners
• Cooperating Members: Anyone wishing to help!
Applying for Consortium Membership
http://www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/member/member.html
ArcObject Model in ArcInfo 8
Logical View
Object
Feature
This is the foundation
of the basic network
package provided by
ESRI with ArcInfo 8.
Edge
Complex Edge
Feature
Simple Edge
Feature
Network
Feature
Edges and Junctions are
highly evolved versions
of Arcs and Nodes that
do new cool stuff.
Junction
Complex
Junction
Feature
Simple
Junction
Feature
Arc Hydrology Data Model
http://www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/models/models.htm
Data Model Extensions
Extension for National Hydrography
Dataset & Hydrologic Engineering
Center models
Goal of the Consortium
• Develop an ArcInfo 8.0 data model for
representing surface hydrology
/hydrography
• Drainage networks and objects for water
resources applications
A practical implementation
template for all users and
foundation for developers and
researchers
Objectives
• GeoObject Model: Research, Development,
Implementation, Education
• Feedback into ESRI core software development
• Strengthen water resources user community
• Book on GeoObject Model and its Application
The Book:
“Arc Hydrology Object Model”
1. Introduction
2. GeoDatabase
Modeling
3. River Network
4. Landscape and
Watersheds
5. Channels and
floodplains
6. Time Variation
7. Implementation Case
Study (1)
8. Implementation Case
Study (2)
9. Implementation Case
Study (3)
10. Conclusions
Goals for the Arc Hydrology Data Model
Linear Referencing
on the River Network
Mapping of
Hydrologic Features
ArcHydro
General purpose
geospatial database
Dynamic modeling
of water resources
Arc Hydrology Data Model
Water Resources Model
Arc Hydrology
Water Modeling
GIS representation of the spatial data
structure of a water resources model
Water movement and properties
Linear Referencing
The river system represented as a network
of flowlines on which location is defined
The water environment
Water Mapping
ArcObject Model
Cartographic representation of
water features on maps
Complex Edge Object
• Edge is a concept from
graph theory (= link in
network)
• Can have interior
nodes, interior
junctions with other
edges
• Will be used for a
river reach between
two tributary reaches
Gage
Hydraulic
structure
Concepts from Fluid Mechanics
Streamline
3
1
2
v2
Water velocity, v1
Control Volume
Control surface
v3
One-Dimensional
Channel Flow System
Cross-Section
s
Stream Banks
Flow Line
2-D and 3-D Flow Systems
Flow Elements
Finite difference mesh
Finite element mesh
Water Resources Objects
• Flowline - a line tracing the principal path
of water movement through a flow system
– A streamline for a 1-D flow system
• Flow system – an assembly of objects
representing a region of space through
which water flows
– A flow system could represent a channel, lake,
bridge, watershed, aquifer, stream habitat zone,
reservoir, …..
Object Model of Rivers and Watersheds
Watersheds
River Network
Channel
Elevation
Flow
Time
Variation
Time
Distance
Supported Data Types for Eurotas
Integrated Catchment Model
TimeSeries
Locations
Branches
Catchments
Cross Sections
Boundary Features
3-Dimensional River Channel
ProfileLine
Each point has (x,y,z)
coordinates
CrossSectionLine
Geomorphic
Classification
of Rivers
Source: Naiman and Bilby
“River Ecology and Management”
Fig. 2.3, 1998
Geomorphic
units
Large woody
debris
Geomorphic
province
Watershed
Valley Segment
Channel Reach
Hierarchical Organization of a
Stream and its Ecological Habitats
Source: Naiman and Bilby
“River Ecology and Management”
Fig. 5.2, 1998
Segment
Riparian zone
Reach
Transect
Lower West Fork, Trinity River Basin
HUC = 12030102
NHD River Reaches
412 River Reaches
In Upper West Fork
Water Body Reaches
(Lakes and Ponds)
DEM extracted from 1” NED
Local Drainage Area for each Reach
Incremental Watersheds
for River Reaches
Accumulate
incremental areas
down the network to get
cumulative drainage areas
River Reach Codes
Rch_Code =
12030102000151
Rch_Code =
12030102000005
HUC#
Segment#
National Stream Addressing System
0%
Rch_Code =
12030102000005
100%
Location is described
by what reach you are
on, and what % distance
along the reach you
are located at, e.g.
12030102000005, 67.2%
Stream Addressing
0%
Relative Addressing
67.2%
100%
0 ft
Absolute Addressing
1434 ft
2134 ft
Relative addressing is independent of units of measure
and more robust when changes of scale of maps occur
Absolute addressing is more common in water resources models
Direction of Stream Addressing
US Army Corps of Engineers, USGS
(positive going upstream)
River Stationing
0
feet or miles
Chainage
0 meters
Danish Hydraulic Institute
(positive going downstream)
There is no single, consistent, absolute addressing system
Colorado River Network
1:100,000 scale
Developed from
National Hydrography Dataset
City of Austin Stream Network
Developed from 1”=100’
Capco Areal photogrammetry
1:1200 scale
Colorado River at Mansfield Dam
From NHD
1:100,000
scale
River Reaches
Lake Travis
City of Austin
Stream network
1:1200 scale
Synthesis of GIS and Hydrologic Modeling
GIS
Hydrologic Modeling
Environmental description
Process representation
Input
Data
Model
Results
Linkage to Models
Water mapping
Flow Schematic
GIS Analysis
Flowlink
Export to Water
Resources Model Flownode
Linking Temporal and Spatial Models
Hydrologic
Simulation
model
Time
series
data
Real
World
Users
GIS
Spatial
data
Dealing with Time Variation
 Continuous time
t
t
hourly, daily
 Steady state
mean annual
 Seasonal
t
I
Q
t
monthly
 Single event
Space, Time, and Variables
A data value, D, is measured
at spatial feature L, at time T,
for variable, V, and so it exists
in a 3-D space D(L, T, V)
Time
D
Variables
T
V
Space
L
USGS Time Series Format
# U.S.Geological Survey NWIS data
# Rdb data file created: 06/11/1999 19:04
# Columns in this file include:
# station USGS station number
# dd
Data descriptor, unique data base identifier
# datetime date or date and time of reading
# value value stored for this data descriptor for this datetime
# 08176500 01 00060 DISCHARGE, IN CUBIC FEET PER SECOND
#
station
dd datetime
value
08176500
01 01/01/1998 1140.00
08176500
01 01/02/1998 1340.00
08176500
01 01/03/1998 1220.00
08176500
01 01/04/1998 1110.00
08176500
01 01/05/1998 1090.00
08176500
01 01/06/1998 1200.00
08176500
01 01/07/1998 1620.00
08176500
01 01/08/1998 2880.00
08176500
01 01/09/1998 3030.00
08176500
01 01/10/1998 2820.00
L
V
T
D