Transcript Chapter 2 “Cells” Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40

“Cells”
COMMON CELL TRAITS

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.
COMPARING CELLS
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The size & shape of a
cell relates to its
function. (job it does)
Prokaryotic Cells
(proh KAYR ee yah tihk)
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cells without membranebound structures
EX: bacteria
pond scum
Eukaryotic Cells
(yew KAYR ee yah tihk)
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cells with membranebound structures
EX: animals, plants,
fungi and protists
CELL WALL
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protects the cell
gives shape
is made of cellulose
A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most
bacteria.
CELL MEMBRANE
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Outer covering, protective layer
around ALL cells
For cells with cell walls,the cell
membrane is inside the cell wall
Allows food, oxygen, & water
into the cell & waste products
out of the cell.
CYTOPLASM
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gelatin-like inside cell membrane
constantly flows
aka protoplasm
CYTOSKELETON
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scaffolding-like
structure in cytoplasm
helps the cell maintain
or change its shape
made of protein
NUCLEUS
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Directs all cell activities
Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
Usually the largest
organelle
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
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separates nucleus from
cytoplasm
controls movement of
materials in & out of
nucleus
NUCLEOLUS
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Aka “little nucleus”
Found in the nucleus
Site of Ribosome
production
CHROMATIN
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contains genetic code that controls cell
made of DNA & proteins