Transcript Preparing and Processing Food
Cooking Food
Food Technology
Icons key: Flash activity. These activities are not editable.
Teacher’s notes included in the Notes Page.
Accompanying worksheet.
Useful websites for further information.
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Getting Started
presentation.
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By the end of this unit, you will: Be able to carry out different cooking methods.
methods in different recipes.
Develop effective and safe cooking procedures for different recipes.
The key concepts covered are:
Designing and making Critical evaluation.
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Cookers
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Cooking utensils
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Cooking on the hob – boiling
Boiling is a method of cooking which adds no fat to the food.
Place food in pan with just enough water, stock or other liquid to cover it. Turn the heat up
high
to bring it to the boil.
When it is boiling, turn the heat down very
low
so that the liquid just stays boiling. This is called
simmering
.
Cover the pan to keep the water in; leave it uncovered if you want to reduce the amount of water.
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Why do some people add a little oil and salt to the water before boiling?
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Cooking on the hob – boiling
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Cooking on the hob – shallow frying
Shallow frying is a method of cooking the food in fat.
Place a little oil in the pan and heat it gently.
Make sure the food is dry when you add it or the oil will spit.
Gently frying vegetables is known as
sweating
. At this stage the food tends to soften, and onions become slightly transparent.
Lift the food out with a slotted spoon and place it on kitchen paper to soak up excess oil.
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Never walk away from the oil. If it gets too hot it could catch fire.
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Deep frying
Deep fried foods are high in fat.
Less fat is absorbed if the oil is very hot when the food is put into it.
Meat and fish may need a
protective coating
of batter or crumbs.
Deep fat fryers are safer because they control the temperature of the oil.
Food should be drained on kitchen paper before eating.
What examples of deep fried food can you think of?
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Stir frying
Stir frying is often used in Chinese cookery.
Food is cut into small pieces so that it cooks quickly.
A little oil is heated in a
wok
or frying pan.
Food is cooked
quickly
at a very high temperature.
Stir fried foods keep more of their vitamin content because they are cooked quickly.
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What kind of vegetables could you use in a stir fry?
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Steaming
Steamed food is cooked over boiling water, either on a hob in a bamboo or metal basket over a saucepan of boiling water, or in an
electric steamer
.
The steam rises and cooks the food without it being actually in the water.
The food keeps more of its water-soluble vitamins.
Steamers are economical with fuel because several foods can be cooked at once in layers.
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Poaching
Poached food is cooked in a shallow pan of simmering liquid, which can be flavoured. It is a good way of cooking: eggs fish some fruits, such as pears and peaches.
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Grilling, baking and roasting
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Casseroles
Casserole
cooking can make cheap tough cuts of meat really tender.
The meat and vegetables need to be
browned
quickly in a hot pan.
Water or
stock
is then added and brought to the boil.
The food is then transferred to an oven set at a
low
temperature and left to cook for several
hours
.
Slow cookers
do a similar job. They can be plugged in and left all day.
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Microwave cooking
Microwave ovens
cook food very quickly and conveniently. You can use them for defrosting, poaching, and steaming. Microwave ovens use
microwaves
to cook food.
Microwaves are radio waves. They are
absorbed
by fat, sugar and water but pass through glass, ceramics and plastic.
The waves are converted into
heat energy
and so the food cooks.
Metal reflects
microwaves, so metal containers should not be used.
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Microwave
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Microwave cooking
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Which process?
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Is it cooked?
Food
thermometers
properly cooked.
can be useful to check if food is Push the thermometer into the deepest part of the food. It needs to be kept at
70 °C
for
two
minutes.
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Kitchen hazards
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Summary
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Cooking Food
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Recipe bank
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Cooking Food
23 of 23 A
cooker
is made up of a
hob ,
a
grill
and an
oven
.
The hob can be used for
poaching
and
frying
.
boiling
,
steaming
, The oven can be used for
baking
and
roasting
.
Frying and roasting use added fat, so are not as healthy as other methods.
Microwave
ovens use radio waves to cook food quickly.
Food thermometers
can be used to check that food is cooked.
Kitchens are places where
accidents
happen – follow
health and safety
rules.
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