Transcript Reported speech

Or how to express
what someone else said before!
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
 DIRECT
SPEECH:
 REPORTED
 It
transcribes
literally what
somebody said
before
 We don’t need to
change the
sentence
 My
father said: ‘You
need to eat better!’
SPEECH:
 It
reformulates
what somebody said
before into one’s
own sentence
 We need to change
the sentence
 My
father said
(THAT) I needed to
eat better!
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
Changes on TENSES
Simple present
Go
Simple past
Went
Simple past
Went
Past perfect
Had gone
Had gone
Was going
Past perfect (doesn’t change)
Is going
Present
continuous
Past continuous
Was going
Past perfect continuous (doesn’t
change)
Past continuous
Past perfect
continuous
Had been going
Had been going
Will
Will go
Would
Would go
Would
Would go
Would have …
Would have gone
Shall
Shall go
Should
Should go
Can
Can go
Could
Could go
May
May go
Might
Might go
Must / have to
Have to go
Had to
Had to go
Could, might, had to, should, would, ought to (don’t change)
Could, IES
might,
had to, should, would, ought to go
Hermógenes Rodríguez
CHANGES IN PLACE AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
Present
Past
Future
Place
Demostrative
Demostrative
Today
Now
That day
Then / in that moment
The day before / the last day / the
Yesterday
previous day
The week before / the last week/ the
Last week
previous week
The month before / the last month/ the
A month ago
previous month
The next day / the following day / the
Tomorrow
day after
Next week
The next week / the following week
Next month
The next month / the following month
Here
There
This
These
That
Those
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
CHANGES ON PRONOUNS
I
My
We
You
Your
He, she / him, her
His, her
They / them
I, he, she, we, they / me, him
My, his, her, our, their
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
It rephrases the sentence according to the following
structure:
 Subject + 'said' + (that) + subordinate sentence
He said: ‘I’m really tired!’…………
He said (that) he was really tired
 Subject + 'told' + object pronoun + (that) + subordinate
sentence
He told me: ‘I’m really tired!’ …………
He told me (that) he was really tired

IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
“I have something to show you” I said to her
• I said to her (THAT) I had something to show her
• “Nothing grows in my garden”, she said.
• She said (THAT) nothing grew in her garden
• “I’m leaving tomorrow”, he informed his mother.
• He informed his mother (THAT) he was leaving the
next / following day
• "The film had already started when they arrived," I
said.
• I said (that) the film had already started when they
arrived
• "No way! I won't phone Mary," he said
 He said (that) he wouldn’t phone Mary
•
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez
 "You
must be prepared for the worst," the doctor said
 The doctor said (that) I had to be prepared for the
worst
 "We're meeting John next weekend," she said to me
 She said to me (that) they were meeting John the
following weekend
 "You must tell the truth," they said to us
 The said to us (that) we had to tell the truth
 "They saw the vase was broken once they opened the
parcel," I said
 I said (that) they saw the vase was broken once they
had opened the parcel
 "I'm doing my homework now," the boy said
 The boy said (that) he was doing his homework then
IES Hermógenes Rodríguez