Transcript The Poverty and Environment Initiative

SIDA SEMINAR - AFTER RIO+20: NEXT STEPS TOWARDS
INCLUSIVE GREEN GROWTH
THE UNDP-UNEP
POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE (PEI): LESSONS
FOR MOVING FORWARD ON GREEN ECONOMY
David H Smith
Manager-Africa
UNDP-UNEP PEI
BACKGROUND
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UNDP & UNEP COMBINED SEPARATE PEI PROGRAMMES TO FORM
THE JOINT UNDP-UNEP PEI IN AFRICA – SEPTEMBER 2005
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LESSONS LEARNT IN AFRICA KEY TO DEVELOPING PEI SCALE-UP
– LAUNCHED FEB 2007, COMMENCED 2008
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SCALE-UP TO OTHER REGIONS – ASIA, LAC, ECIS
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JOINT MANAGEMENT, PROGRAMMING, BUDGETING & STAFF
HIRING
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JOINT TEAMS AT GLOBAL & REGIONAL LEVELS, GOVT-UNDP
COUNTRY OFFICE TEAMS AT COUNTRY LEVEL
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EXCELLENT EXAMPLE OF INTER-AGENCY CO-OPERATION & UN
REFORM – ONE UN IN ACTION
UNDP-UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT
INITIATIVE (PEI): WHAT WE DO
THE UNDP-UNEP PEI SUPPORTS GOVERNMENTS TO:
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INCLUDE PRO-POOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE NATURAL
RESOURCE USE AS A CORE OBJECTIVE IN DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
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BUILD CAPACITY SO THAT DECISION-MAKERS KNOW :
 HOW PRO-POOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
CONTRIBUTES TO DEVELOPMENT &
 HOW TO INCLUDE PRO-POOR ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING &
IMPLEMENTATION.
UNDP-UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT
INITIATIVE (PEI): WHY WE DO IT
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UNSUSTAINABLE USE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REDUCES THE
SOCIAL & ECONOMIC BENEFITS PRODUCED FROM NATURAL
RESOURCES
THUS, DEVELOPMENT IS HINDERED BY ENVIRONMENTAL
UNSUSTAINABILITY
HOWEVER, THE CONTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY TO SOCIAL & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IS
OFTEN POORLY UNDERSTOOD
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY NOT OPERATIONALLY
INTEGRATED INTO NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES (E.G.
PRSPS; SECTOR PLANS): WORDS BUT NOT ACTION.
Sun Tzu: “Always Start With the End in Mind” THE RESULTS WE WANT TO ACHIEVE
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Pro-poor environmentally sustainable natural resource use is
included as objective/outcome etc in national & sector
development plans
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There are indicators attached to these objectives/outcomes
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These indicators are included in the Monitoring & Evaluation plan
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Sector Plans are developed & budgets are allocated to achieve the
pro-poor sustainability objectives
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Budgets in sectors – not just environment ministries – are allocated to
achieve pro-poor sustainable natural resource use
Increased donors support for poverty-environment investments
Longer term capacity building programme for the environment &
natural resources (ENR) sector is put in place
WHAT HAS PEI ACHIEVED? – 1
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SUCCESSFULLY CLARIFIED A NORMATIVE CONCEPT & DEVELOPED
IT INTO A OPERATIONAL MODEL
OPERATIONALLY PROVEN MODEL: TECHNICALLY ROBUST &
POLITICALLY ACCEPTABLE
MOST COMPREHENSIVE EXAMPLE OF JOINT PROGRAMMING
BETWEEN UNDP & UNEP – UN REFORM IN ACTION
SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF HOW
SUSTAINABILITY CAN HELP ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY INCLUDED AS AN OBJECTIVE
IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS
WHAT HAS PEI ACHIEVED? – 2
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PARTIAL OPERATIONALISATION OF SUSTAINABILITY
OBJECTIVES – E.G. Increased budgetary allocations for
environmental sustainability
BUT RESULTS VARY BY COUNTRY – FAILURE IN SOME COUNTRIES
NEED TO FOCUS MORE ON POVERTY SIDE OF P-E
MAINSTREAMING
NEED TO FOCUS MORE ON SUSTAINING IMPACT
SUSTAINED INCREASES IN INVESTMENT IN P-E
LONGER TERM CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAMMES
INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS – e.g. Cross government coordination mechanisms
PEI GENERAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH
RECOGNISE SUBSTANTIVE EFFORT REQUIRED - 1
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P-E MAINSTREAMING IS A 10-20 YEAR PROCESS OF
INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE (NORWEGIAN PEI AFRICA EVALUATION)
P-E MAINSTREAMING NOT OPERATIONALLY SUCCESSFUL
PREVIOUSLY – WORDS BUT NOT SUFFICIENT ACTION
SECURING DEPTH & WIDTH OF NATIONAL OWNERSHIP = CROSS
–GOVERNMENT, CROSS SECTOR PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
SIGNIFICANT CAPACITY GAPS IN COUNTRIES FOR P-E
MAINSTREAMING
SUPPORTING CHANGE IN GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT
PRIORITIES & BUDGETS
RECOGNISE SUBSTANTIVE EFFORT REQUIRED - 2
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WORKING IN MULTI-MINISTERIAL CONTEXT
NEED TO FOLLOW COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES - 4-5
YEAR CYCLE
HIGH LEVEL OF SUSTAINED ENGAGEMENT IN COUNTRY
PROCESSES REQUIRED
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SUBSTANTIVE ONGOING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REQUIRED
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‘STUBBORN PERSISTENCE & ATTENTION TO DETAIL’
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PROACTIVE, ENERGETIC FOCUS ON RESULTS
LESSONS - 1
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ENSURE NATIONAL COMMITMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS BEFORE
DECIDING TO GO AHEAD
PARTICIPATORY APPROACH CRITICAL
ADOPT A JOINT GOVERNMENT-UN PROGRAMMATIC APPROACH BASED ON
EXISTING COUNTRY PROCESSES. (E.G. PRSP)
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MINISTRY OF PLANNING/FINANCE SHOULD LEAD
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WORK WITH OTHER DONORS FROM THE BEGINNING
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INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS TO UNDERSTAND
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DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS, ENVIRONMENTAL & NATURAL RESOURCE
PLANNING & MANAGEMENT.
ISSUES THAT ARE OUTSIDE CONTROL OF P-E COUNTRY PROGRAMME BUT HAVE
MAJOR IMPACT – E.G. LAND TENURE, POLITICAL-ECONOMY ISSUES
LESSONS - 2
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CARRY OUT ECONOMIC ANALYSES TO SHOW HOW
ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE USE CAN
IMPROVE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT.
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USE VERY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES –
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USE NON-MARKET VALUES ALSO – CONVENTIONAL ECONOMICS CAN
MISS IMPORTANT VALUES –
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E.G. HYDRO ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION LOST FROM UNSUSTAINABLE
WATER USE & SEDIMENTATION.
E.G. FAMILY FISHING OR FUEL WOOD COLLECTION
USE ECONOMIC EVIDENCE TACTICALLY
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BRIEFING NOTES
PRESENT EVIDENCE REPEATEDLY IN DIFFERENT MEETINGS & WORKING
GROUPS
LESSONS - 3
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INTENSIVE INVOLVEMENT IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS
– DAILY, WEEKLY IN WORKING GROUPS, DONOR-GOVERNMENT
MECHANISMS, MACRO & SECTOR LEVEL ETC
CARRY OUT PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEWS (PER) IN THE
ENVIRONMENT NATURAL RESOURCE (ENR) SECTORS
DEVELOP BUDGET GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING/FINANCE ON
HOW THEY CAN BETTER INCLUDE ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY IN BUDGETS
SUPPORT KEY SECTOR POLICY & BUDGETARY DEVELOPMENT
PROCESSES TO ENSURE SUSTAINABILITY OBJECTIVES
OPERATIONALISED
LESSONS - 4
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DESIGN MECHANISMS FOR LONG-TERM INCREASE IN BUDGETS
FOR PRO-POOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY E.G.
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PREPARE ENVIRONMENT- NATURAL RESOURCE SECTOR SUPPORT
PROGRAMMES FOR FUNDING BY MAJOR DONORS BASED IN COUNTRY
FOCUS ON MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK (MTEF) &
INVESTMENT STRATEGY PROCESSES
IMPROVEMENTS TO GOVERNMENT COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS &
FINANCIAL APPRAISAL METHODOLOGIES SO POVERTY &
SUSTAINABILITY IMPLICATIONS BETTER INCLUDED
MINIMISE FINANCING OF PILOT PROJECTS
PEI LESSONS FOR THE WAY FORWARD FOR GE IN A
DEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXT: SUMMARY
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CLARIFY
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COMMUNICATE
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WHAT DOES GE MEAN IN NORMATIVE TERMS?
WHAT DOES IT MEAN IN OPERATIONAL TERMS?
HOW WILL GE HELP ACHIEVE POVERTY REDUCTION & OTHER
DEVELOPMENT GOALS?
ENSURE COUNTRIES KNOW WHAT GE MEANS & HOW GE WILL HELP
ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
ENSURE COUNTRIES KNOW HOW GE CAN BE APPLIED IN PRACTICAL
TERMS
CAPACITATE
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COUNTRIES TO APPLY GE IN A SUSTAINED MANNER