Transcript Affix and Root

Word Building
Affix and Root
Do you know these words?




outdo undo overdo
incredible
innumerable
handful cupful mouthful
spoonful
Group work------ example
找出五个含词根value 的单词
valuable
invaluable
valueless
evaluate
devalue

Group work
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
找出五个含词根sign (表示符号)的单词
找出五个含词根dict (表示说)的单词
peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民，民众”
spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看，视”
tain 保持，握，容纳
port 搬运，带
vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看，看见”
circ/cycl=ring 环，圆
group 1 “sign” 符号

signature signal signify design significant
significance
dict “to say, to speak”

contradict, dictate, predict, dictator, indicate,
dictionary, dictum (格言)
peopl, popul, publ “人民，民众”

public, republic, popular, people, population,
publicity publish
spec, spect, spitc, spis “看，视”
inspect, spectator, spectacular, respect,
spectacle(光景，景象) prospect(展望) expect
suspect, aspect, special, specimen (样本,标本)
tain,ten,tin 保持，握，容纳
contain容纳 obtain取得 sustain支持 maintain
retain保持, 保留, detain v.拘留
port 搬运，带
export import portable(可携带的)
porter(搬运工人) transport support
sport
vid, vis, vey, view “观看，看见”

television, visible, evident, interview, survey,
invisible, visual, visit, supervise, visa, video
circ/cycl=ring 环，圆

circus, circle, circulate, circuit, circumstance,
cycle, recycle, bicycle, tricycle
Word Root

ann (也作enn) =year

audi=hear,

cogn=know recognize, cognition, congnitive

dent=tooth

lingu= language

liter=letter
literate（识字的）literal (文字的)

mot=move motion motive promote remote motor
anniversary, annual, millennium
audience, auditorium, audible
dentist, dental, indent
linguist bilingual
literary (文学的) illiterate literature
Word Root

ori=rise

phon=sound

rupt=break bankrupt corrupt erupt

scend, scens=climb

sci=know science conscious unconscious subconscious

struct “建筑，构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction

bio 生命，生物
orient origin
symphony phonetic microphone
ascend descend
biology antibiotic抗生的,抗生素
Word Root

cent 百

ject 投，掷，抛

volv 滚动

vit,viv 生活，生存
centimeter厘米 centigrade百分度的
eject射出 project投射 inject 注射
revolve旋转 involve卷入 evolve
vital生命的, 至关重要的 survive幸存 vivid 生动的

manu, man 手 manual manuscript manufacture manage manner
Prefix

trans- 表示“横过，贯穿”之义

transplant, transform, transaction, transfer, transparent
co-表示“联合, 伴同”之义; (con-/ com-), 表示“共同,
联合”
–
–
–
–

cooperation, colleague, coincide, cohere, collaborate（合作）
condense, concentrate, confront, consent, consume (wholly;
take),
combine, consolidate, compress (压缩), commemorate
(mention),
com 的变形 corrupt (together; 变坏) 腐败， council (together; to
summon[召集]) 会议
contra- (变化形 contro, counter) = against
–
contradict (反驳否认), contrary, contrast, counterpart (相对的人
或物)，counteract (抵消，消除) counterclockwise （反时针的）
Prefix

de- down, downward, fully, away (由往下之意衍生为分

离，否定，加强)
devalue, decease (die), deceive, decay(腐败；使腐烂),
defect, declare(宣告)，deform（使残废）, detach
dis-,“分开,分离,否定,不”not, apart,
–

disease(疾病) discriminate, disgust (apart; to taste;不能品味，
厌恶)，dispose (apart; to place)处置 destruction
re-, 1 回，向后 return, retreat(后退 )，recall, reflect
2. 再 重复 reproduce, renew
3 相反 resist, react, reverse, revolt, rebel, resent(不
满)
Prefix



en-, 1 使成某种状态 (en+adj) enlarge,
endanger, enable, enroll (记入名册中)
in- 1. 不incapable, incomplete, inhuman,
2． 内 inside, inject, indoor
over- 1过度 overcharge overdrink overwork
2 越过 overbridge 天桥 overseas
overlook 俯视
Prefix








a- 表示in, on, at by, with, to, of等 asleep, aside,
ahead, ashore
ab-离去，相反，不 abuse, abnormal
anti- 反对 antiwar antismoking anti-aging
auto- 自己，自动 autobiography
bi/ di - bilingual biplane 双翼飞机 dioxide
ex- 1. 出，外 export exclude, expose, exit
2. 前任的 ex-wife ex-president
extra-超 extraordinary extracurriculum
fore-前 foretell forehead foresee foreground
Prefix







mal maltreat malfunction
mono- monoxide monologue
non- nonsmoker nonstop
out- outdo outlive outgrow outnumber
sub- subway suburb submarine
subtropical
super- supersonic superpower
sym-/syn- 共同，相同 sympathy synonym
symphony synthesis
Suffix 副词后缀
1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply
2)-ward, -wards,
downward, inwards, upward afterwards
backwards
3)-ways, always, sideways anyway someway
4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise likewise
5）-s besides, sometimes
Suffix 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化“utilize
specialize symbolize, organize, specialize
2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有” weaken, soften,
harden fasten sharpen threaten strengthen
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify,
intensify, signify, simplify identify justify
4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish,
establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate,
operate, indicate isolate originate
小知识：词汇的高级与低级







长寿
银河
东方的
太阳
月亮
热
药
long life
milky way
east
sun
moon
heat
medicine
longevity (latin)
galaxy (latin)
oriental
solar
lunar
thermal
pharmacy
Assignments


Vocabulary Book Lesson 46-50
Text A of Unit 4 in Book 2