Transcript Document

Workshop 3
Accessible Multimedia
Web Content Accessibility Project
Funded by BCcampus
Natasha Boskic, Kirsten Bole, Nathan Hapke
University of British Columbia
Workshop schedule
• Monday August 21
Basics of Web Accessibility
• Tuesday August 22
Coding an Accessible Website
• Wednesday August 23
Accessible Multimedia
• Thursday August 24
Creating Usable Content
• Friday August 25
Disabilities & Assistive Technology
The Plan
• Discuss accessibility issues of the
following types of media:
– Audio
– Video
– JavaScript
– Flash
– Java Applets
– Online conferencing
– PDF
The Golden Rule
• Make all the information available to all
users
– The media itself can’t always be made
accessible
• Adding different presentation of content
increases accessibility!
Audio
• Alternative for spoken word can be as
simple as a transcript
• For music, lyrics
• If more complex, consider providing a
description of why the audio is
significant and/or important
Video
• Good news
– Great for those with cognitive disabilities
• Problem areas:
– Visual impairment
• Audio Description
– Aural impairment
• Transcripts/Subtitles/Captions
Audio Description
• Narrated information about the visuals
• Tell non-sighted users what the audio
soundtrack does not
• Example:
“Family walking in the
Rose Garden”
• aka Described Video
Captioning & Subtitling
• Subtitles: What was said
• Captions: What was heard
– Subtitles, plus other aural cues
• E.g.: Knock on Door, Phone Ringing
• Open Captions
– Captions directly ingrained into video
• Closed Captions
Closed Captioning
• Captions provided
separate from video
– User must have capable
player
• For online video: W3C’s
SMIL technology
– RealPlayer
– Ambulant
• Since July 1993, 13”+
Televisions have built in
CC Decoder by law
Video: The Hard Part
• Provide enough information so your
audience knows what is happening
• … but don’t overwhelm them!
• Tell the viewer that the people are in the
Rose Garden if it affects the meaning of
the video
• Don’t tell the viewer if a plane happens
to fly by (unrelated to the scene)
• Same for captioning
JavaScript
• WCAG requires that web applications
be usable without JavaScript
• Some screen readers completely ignore
• Some users disable JavaScript
• JAWS relies on Internet Explorer to
render JavaScript actions
– But JAWS isn’t able to tell the user about
changes to the page made by JavaScript
Flash
• Great for those with cognitive disabilities
– Interactive demos can often explain better
than text
• Screen readers can interpret if the flash
video is made correctly
– “alternative text” on buttons etc.
– Ensure reading order makes sense
– Ensure user can navigate with keyboard
• Use flash for interactive content, not
your whole site!
Java Applets
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Same issues as Flash
Reading order
Keyboard navigation
Plain text (not graphical)
Java works (slightly) differently on
PC/Mac, test both
Conferencing
• (Horizon Wimba Live Classroom,
Elluminate Live)
• Slides get converted to graphical format
• Can provide slide descriptions
• Can also provide closed captioning
PDF: Portable Document Format
• Good: Text is correctly handled by
screen readers
• Bad: Users must launch external viewer
• Use tags to specify:
– Alternative text on images
– Headings
– etc.
PDF: Tricks of the Trade
• Make sure text is textual (not graphical)
– Use Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
if scanning a document
• Ensure search tool works
• Google the URL
– Output is similar to what A.T. can interpret
• Acrobat has a built in screen reader!
PDF: Correct Usage
• Use PDF only when you need
functionality you can’t get from HTML:
– “Enhanced” Forms
– Documents for print
• E.g.: Order forms
– Strict multi-columnar
• E.g.: Academic Articles
– Special notation
Resources
• http://www.adobe.com/accessibility/
• http://www.adobe.com/enterprise/accessibility
/pdfs/acro7_pg_ue.pdf
• http://www.alistapart.com/articles/
pdf_accessibility/
• http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/
Thank you for coming!
• Join us tomorrow for Creating Usable Content
- 12 pm PST
• Natasha Boskic ([email protected])
• Kirsten Bole ([email protected])
• Nathan Hapke ([email protected])