Transcript States of Matter

What is Matter?
Anything that has mass and
takes up space.
“Everything is made of matter.”
What are the 4 states of matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Energy and Matter
How do we know if it is a SOLID?
Definite shape.
Definite volume.
Particles “vibrate” due to a strong
attraction. (Molecular Motion)
How do we know if it is a LIQUID?
Definite volume.
Takes the shape of its container.
Particles can “slide” past one another
because the attraction is not as
strong. (Molecular Motion)
How do we know if it is a GAS?
No definite shape.
No definite volume.
Particles “bounce” around each
other because there is MUCH
LESS attraction. (Molecular
Motion)
How do we know if it is PLASMA?
It has the same properties as a
gas, but it is “highly energized”.
Particles “bounce” EXTREMELY
FAST.
Ionized Gas.
Plasma Video
Gas Laws- Boyles Law
The more pressure put on a gas,
the less volume (or space) it can
fill.
“Squish “ a balloon. The
gas doesn’t escape, it just
has less room to move
around.
Gas Laws- Charles Law
The higher the temperature, the more volume
(or space) the gas can fill.
In a warm car, a balloon filled with helium gas
will expand (fill) the balloon and rise because the
particles are energized by the heat and move
around quickly.
If you put that same balloon by an air
conditioning vent that blows cold air, the balloon
will shrink because the particles are slowing
down.
Changes of State
The change of
a substance
from one
physical state
to another.
Melting
Freezing
Evaporation
Boiling
Condensation
Sublimation
Endothermic Change
Energy is gained by the substance as it is
changing state. (Endo= in, Thermic=heat)
Melting- adds heat- from solid to liquid
Evaporation – adds heat- from a liquid to a
gas
Boiling- adds heat- from a liquid to a gas
Sublimation- adds heat- from a solid to a
gas (dry ice)
Exothermic Change
When energy is removed (exits) the
substance during a change of state.
Freezing- loses heat- from liquid to solid.
Condensation- loses heat- from gas to
liquid.