Transcript 2005 DVCC Presentation

Patrick Hasson
National Technical Service Team Leader
Safety and Design
FHWA
Tel: 708-283-3595
Email: [email protected]
October 24-25, 2005
Highway Safety & Wildlife: A National Perspective
What you will hear…
National Statistics for Wildlife-Vehicle Crashes
(WVC)
WVC Elements in New Legislation
Information on some safety initiatives that could
make a difference
Framing the Issue in a National
Context
2003 Nationwide Highway-Related Crashes and
Fatalities1
• Overall: 6,289,000 crashes resulting in 2,889,000
injuries and 42,884 fatalities.
• WVC: 315,000 crashes (5 % of total)
• WVC: 10,000 injuries (1% of total)
• WVC: 200 fatalities (1/2 % of total).
Believed to be under-reported by 50% or higher.
1. USDOT NHTSA Traffic Safety Facts 2003
WVC Trends
Centers for Disease Control
Analysis of 2001-02 WVC
Statistics2
• Crashes and injuries occurred
more often during
– October and November and
– Dusk/night/dawn conditions
• 87% of were DVC type
• 45% of DVC crashes resulted
in some type of lane departure
maneuver
2. CDC Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2004 Volume 53 Pgs 675-678
Data Needs to Improve
• Consistency across and within States is lacking
• Thriving wildlife and growing VMT
• WVC is a growing problem
Growing Problem?
• WVC Fatalities increased 45% from 1994 – 2003
(IIHS)
• 54% Increase from 1994 to 2000 in PA
• 51% increase from 1990 – 2000 in IA
• 69% increase in five states (combined) from 1985
to 1991.
Importance of the Issue
Safety
Economic
Environmental
WildlifeVehicle
Crashes
Setting the Highway Safety Agenda: The
Federal Role
Reauthorization - Funding and Prioritization
• Federal Government legislative multiyear “plan of action”
• Provides National Programmatic Guidance and
Appropriation Assignment
• Newest Law (signed by President Bush on 08/10/2005):
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WVC and SAFETEA-LU
At least 4 WVC-related activities included in new legislation
1. Section 1119(n): WildlifeVehicle Collision Reduction
Study
• Determine causes of WVC;
assess impacts of WVC;
evaluate
solutions
for
prevention
of
WVC
• Best-practices manual with
guidance on developing a
WVC prevention action plan
WVC and SAFETEA-LU
2. Section 1122(K)(ii):Transportation Enhancement Activity
• Amends
23CFR
101(a)(35)
to
make
eligible
enhancements that “reduce vehicle-caused wildlife
mortality while maintaining habitat connectivity”
WVC and SAFETEA-LU
3. Section 1401(3)(B)(xviii)
– Highway Safety Improvement Project eligibility
includes “addition or retrofitting of structures or
other measures to eliminate or reduce
accidents involving vehicles and wildlife”
4. High Priority Project #1941
• $200K Deer Avoidance System to be
implemented on Interstate 90 (MP 494.5 PA to
MP 304.2 NY)
Additional WVC National Efforts
Research will Play an Important Role
NCHRP Synthesis 37-12
“Animal-Vehicle Collision Data
Collection”
Public Perception
Interdisciplinary Strategies
The Vehicles
(Automotive Engineering)
The Animals
(Environmental Stewardship)
The Roadways
(Highway Engineering)
The Drivers
(Education and Enforcement)
What else do we know?
•12 to 35% of all reported crashes on rural, 2-Lane
roads involve animals. (GAO, 2004)
•Centers for Disease Control on WVC:
• 54% involve collision with animal
• 45% involve avoiding animal
“Don’t Veer for Deer” (Michigan)
“Avoiding the Animal” Crashes
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Lv Road
Hit Fixed
Object
Roll Over
Highway Safety Engineering
“Science of Safety”
Conventional PD Process
Improved Process
Implementing Safety Improvements
Current Best-Practices & Technologies Can Address the
Problem – Directly and Indirectly
• Adopting AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan
Strategies
• Implementing Low-Cost Safety Improvements
• Applying the principles of Context Sensitive
Solutions
AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan
Strategies
22 Goals Selected to Significantly Reduce Highway Crash
Fatalities
• Run Off Road Emphasis Area
– Goal 15: Keeping Vehicles on the Roadway
– Goal 16: Minimizing Consequences of Leaving
Roadway
Measurable Benefits to Managing the
Roadside1
1. All tables excerpted from NCHRP 500 Volume 6: A Guide
for Addressing Run-Off-Road Collisions
Low Cost Safety Improvements
STEEP SIDESLOPE
ADDED CHEVRONS
“BLIND” CURVE
ADDED GUARDRAIL
Low Cost Safety Improvements
TREE REMOVAL &
DELINEATION
HIGH TREE
DENSITY
ADDED STABILIZED
SHOULDERS
LACK OF
SHOULDERS
Low Cost Safety Improvements
TREE REMOVAL &
IMPROVED SIGHTLINES
HIGH TREE
DENSITY
ADDED STABILIZED
SHOULDERS
LACK OF
SHOULDERS
Low Cost Safety Improvements
HIGH VEGETATION DENSITY
BRUSH CLEARING & IMPROVED
SIGHTLINES
LCSI: The Safety Edge
Eliminates the vertical edge
drop-off
• Applies a 30°-35° asphalt fillet
to the edge of the roadway
• Minimal added cost (<1%
overall)
Context Sensitive Solutions From Arizona DOT
Success Stories
1. Story excerpted from FHWA Office of Environment website:
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/wildlifeprotection/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewArticle&articleID=27
2. Photo credit to Doug Klassen’s “Forty Years on Two Wheels” internet web log
Context Sensitive Solutions From Arizona DOT
Success Stories
1. Story excerpted from FHWA Office of Environment website:
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/wildlifeprotection/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewArticle&articleID=27
2. Photo credit to Doug Klassen’s “Forty Years on Two Wheels” internet web log
The Next Step
Tailoring Existing Safety Solutions to a Growing
Problem
• SAFETEA-LU: Improve data quality and
knowledge of best practices
• Safety Best Practices: Have a Positive Impact on
Reducing Severity and Number of WVC
• Research: Finding solutions that balances
resources (interdisciplinary).
Patrick Hasson
Tel: 708-283-3595
Email: [email protected]