Transcript Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for

Tomislav Skračić, MA
Undergraduate English
Course for
MARINE ENGINEERS
2nd Semester
Essential reading:
SPINČIĆ, A., An English Textbook For Marine
Engineers I., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2008.
LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica
engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet,
Rijeka 2003.
WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification
KEY WORDS
watertube boiler
- vodocijevi kotao
firetube boiler
- vatrocijevni kotao
curcuit of the boiler
- kotlovni krug
descending body of water - spuštajuća količina vode
ascending
- uzdižući
circulating tube
- protočna cijev
screened
- zaštićen
generating tube
- isparna cijev
casing (n.)
- kućište
downcomer (n.)
- silazna cijev
displace (v.)
- istisnuti
WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification
KEY WORDS
main boiler
- glavni kotao
donkey boiler
- pomoćni kotao
distilling plant
- postrojenje za pripremu pitke vode
low-pressure boiler
- niskotlačni kotao
intermediate-pressure b. - srednjetlačni kotao
high-pressure boiler
- visokotlačni kotao
inclination (n.)
- nagib
single-flow boiler
- kotao s jednostrukom
dimnom komorom
double-flow boiler - kotao s dvostrukom
dimnom komorom
WATERTUBE BOILER – How it works
WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification
Watertube boilers can be grouped according to:
•
•
•
•
Water circulation
Application on board ship
Steam pressure they generate
Etc.
Water circulation:
According to water circulation, boilers can be grouped
into boilers featuring
a) natural water circulation, or
b) forced water circulation
Employment of boilers aboard ships:
By their application on board ships, boilers are classified
as main boilers or donkey boilers.
• Main boilers generate steam for the main engine that
drives the propeller and for auxiliary duties.
• Donkey boilers are mainly used on diesel-driven ships
to supply steam for driving steam pumps and turbogenerators, for oil heating, water heating, space
heating, galley and laundry...
Pressure:
According to steam pressure they generate, boilers can
be classed as low, intermediate and high-pressure
boilers.
a) Low-pressure boilers (up to 30 bar)
b) Intermediate boilers (from 30 to 70 bar)
c) High-pressure boilers (up to 145 bar)
Watertube boilers may also be classed according to:
• Number of drums (single-drum, two-drum and threedrum boilers)
• Tube inclination (horizontal and vertical)
• Arrangement of gas flow (single-flow and double-flow
boilers)
QUESTIONS
1. What basic difference is there between a firetube
and a watertube boiler?
2. What characteristics enable boiler classification?
3. How can boilers be grouped according to water
circulation?
4. What are generating tubes?
5. What are downcomers and what do they provide?
6. How is forced circulation achieved?
7. What difference is there between a main and a
donkey boiler?
EXERCISE 1 – Turn the following sentences
into the Passive:
Example:
The economiser heats the feed water.
The feed water is heated by the economiser.
1. Boilers generate steam for the main and auxiliary
engines.
2. Shipbuilders have built many ships with dieselelectric drive.
3. Designers will estimate the power of the engine.
4. The pump is drawing make-up water from the tank.
5. Engineers can reverse the engine.
6. Merchant vessels did not use nuclear power.
7. An electric-power unit will propel all types of ships.
8. The main engine drives the propellers.
EXERCISE 2 – Translate the following sentences
into English using in order to + infinitive or only to
+ infinitive
a) Vođa stroja je otišao na palubu da popravi sidreno
vitlo.
b) Brod vozi smanjenom brzinom da spriječi (prevent)
pregrijavanje (overheating) motora.
c) Da bi se spriječilo pregrijavanje, potrebno je
rashladiti motor.
d) Brod je vozio svom snagom kako bi što prije stigao u
luku spasa (port of refuge).
e) Dat ćemo sve od sebe da popravimo oštećenu
osovinu.
f) Zrak se tlači u cilindrima da bi se ubrizgano gorivo
upalilo.
EXERCISE 3 – Rearrange the clauses using
due to + noun
EXAMPLE:
The engine could not be run after the collision
because the crankshaft was heavily bent.
 The engine could not ve run after the collision
due to heavy bending og the crankshaft.
a) In port the vessel manoeuvred with assistance of two
tugs because the engine lost power.
b) The valves did not open because the rocker gear did
not function properly.
c) Thermal problems occurred as the exhaust valves
were not sufficiently cooled.
EXERCISE 3 – Rearrange the clauses using
due to + noun
EXAMPLE:
The engine could not be run after the collision
because the crankshaft was heavily bent.
 The engine could not ve run after the collision
due to heavy bending og the crankshaft.
d) The relief valve opened because the pressure in No.
1 cylinder suddenly increased.
e) The friction in the bearing surface increased because
the lubricant was wrongly chosen.
f) The engineer on duty stopped the engine as
compression was greatly reduced.