Transcript Slide 1

Task Design
EL441 Introduction to Teaching Young Learners
Nilüfer Demirkan-Jones
Session 3
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Tasks
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are goal-oriented
have a specified objective
have an expected outcome
encourage language use for
communication
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Activities
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have no expected outcome
help maintain YLs’ motivation
have no communicative purpose
enable the practice of language form
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Types of tasks
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Listing
Ordering and sorting
Comparing
Problem solving
Sharing personal experiences
Creative tasks
(from Willis, 1996:26-27)
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Types of activities
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Listen-and-do
Colouring
Story telling
Listening to
songs
• Classifying
• Games and puzzles
• Modelling
• Matching words to
pictures
• Sentence building
(from Willis, 1996:127-130)
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Task evaluation criteria
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Learner profile
Linguistic aims of the task
Non-linguistic aims of the content
Cognitive / meta cognitive challenges
Type of participation it promotes
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To teach the material
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Classroom management demands
Resources needed
Time it is likely to take
How the activity could be extended
How the language could be recycled
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Teacher’s responsibility
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• Establish a friendly environment
• Be sensitive in criticism of children’s
work
• Display work attractively
• Change groupings regularly
• Provide guidance for tasks
• Ensure variety
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Teacher’s responsibility
2/2
• Plan around the whole curriculum
• Analyse activities for language
content
• Plan classroom management
• Plan recycling of language
• Stretch children to their full
potential
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Suggested reading
Brewster J, Ellis G, Girard D (2002) The Primary English
Teacher ‘s Guide. Harlow: Penguin English Guides
Cameron L (2001) Teaching languages to young learners.
Cambridge: CUP
Halliwell S (1992) Teaching English in the Primary
Classroom. Harlow: Longman.
House, S.(1997) An Introduction to Teaching English to
Young Learners. London: Richmond Publishing. Prabhu, N.S.
(1987). Second Language Pedagogy. Oxford: Oxford
University Press
Vale D. & Feunteun A (1995) Teaching Children English
Unit 2 & appendix
Willis J. (1996) A Framework for Task-Based Learning
Harlow: Longman
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