New World Beginnings
Download
Report
Transcript New World Beginnings
New World Beginnings
By Sally Jacobson & Jonaki Singh
Mr. Szeto-pd. 3/4
Planetary Perspectives
• Recorded history of the world begins
about 6,000 years ago
• 500 years ago, Europeans discovered
North & South America sovereign
republics emerged, particularly the US
The Shaping of North America
•
•
Basic geological shape
of North America was
formed about 10 million
years ago
After the Ice Age, the
North American
landscape transformed;
lakes and rivers formed
all over the continent
The First Discoverers of America
• Europeans arrived in 1492 and discovered
there were already people living there
• Main civilizations were the Incas in Peru,
the Mayans in Central America, and Aztecs
in Mexico
The Earliest Americans
• Cultivation of corn
•
•
was common
Lived in small,
scattered,
impermanent
settlements
Weren’t aggressive,
unlike Europeans
Indirect Discoverers of the New
World
• 1000 AD-- Norse seafarers from
Scandinavia set up flimsy settlements
which were soon abandoned
• Crusaders—after Crusades, Europeans
were eager to get to Asia
Europeans Enter Africa
• Portuguese sailed along
coast of Africa and
introduced Europe to the
sub Saharan world
• Portuguese set up
trading posts gold
and slaves were
acquired
• Slaves were used to
maintain plantation
economy, which
was popular in
North America
Columbus Comes upon a New
World
•
•
•
Spain’s unity, wealth,
power & technology led to
the possibility of discovery
Skilled Italian sailor
Christopher Columbus
looks for a new route to
Asia—and stumbles upon
the Americas
Stage was set for global
economy: Europe provided
markets, capital, &
technology; Africa provided
labor; New World provided
raw materials.
When Worlds Collide
• Native Americans introduced new crops like
•
•
tobacco, maize, beans, tomatoes, and potato
Europeans introduced cattle, swine, horses,
and sugar
Not all trades were positive—Europeans
transmitted diseases like smallpox while the
natives infected the explorers with syphilis
The Spanish Conquistadores
• Conquistadores came to the New World in
the service of God and to find gold and
glory for Spain
– Explorers include Balboa (discovered Pacific Ocean),
Magellan (first to circumnavigate the world), Juan Ponce
de Leon (discovered Florida), and Francisco Pizarro
(crushed the Incas in Peru)
• Caribbean Islands served as bases for
Spanish invasions
The Conquest of Mexico
•
1519- Hernán Cortés set sail
from Cuba bound for
Mexico.
•
•
•
Reached Mexico,
marched on
Tenochtitlán, was
mistaken for a God
and welcomed, and
soon Cortes conquered
the Aztecs
Introduced his crops,
animals, language,
laws, customs, and
religion
Few Spanish settlers
intermarrying
between Spanish and
the Natives
The Spread of Spanish America
• Within 50 years of Columbus’ arrival, Spanish
•
•
•
cities and towns flourished
Spanish conquered Pueblos in New Mexico
Established settlements in Texas as a retaliation
to the French settling along the Miss. River
Some settlers killed and enslaved natives, but
most blended both Spanish and Native American
culture
Sources
• http://www.dnr.sc.gov/education/Envirothon/2006Winnipeg/images/
•
•
•
•
teepee-s.jpg
http://files.turbosquid.com/Preview/Content_on_3_31_2004_09_34_
14/corn_01.JPG376a46a3-aa36-45b9-9c67-e1f55726984dLarge.jpg
http://www.mapscharts.com/images/120.03%20Nieuwe%20Kaart%20-%20Tirion.jpg
http://www.utexas.edu/courses/stross/ant322m_files/mexmap.gif
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/americas/north_america_ref02.jpg