Transcript Slide 1

Centennial Conference of the National University of Ireland
Leading Universities in the Twenty-First Century
Dublin Castle, 1-3 December 2008
World-class Universities:
Reputation Ranking and SustainabilityIn search of reputation in the 21st century
Dzulkifli Abdul Razak
Universiti Sains Malaysia
A UNU Regional Centre of Expertise
Education for Sustainable Development
Designated by
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Malaysia
Southeast Asia
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The Campus
Location
Southeast Asia
Island of Penang
The Panaromic Seaview of The University in a Garden
Source: Google
Source: Google
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The 21st Century: Predicted Timeline
- “Climate Change Events”
• 2008 – Possible global recession, food
shortages, conflict between nations over
dwindling natural resources.
• The world population will surpass
6.6 billion.
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• 2020 - Flash floods will very likely
increase across all parts of Europe.
• In some parts of the world, less rainfall
could reduce agriculture yields by up to
50 percent.
• World population will reach 7.6 billion
people.
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•
• 2050 - Small alpine glaciers will very likely
disappear completely, and large glaciers
will shrink by 30 to 70 percent.
• Austrian scientist Roland Psenner of the
University of Innsbruck says this is a
conservative estimate, and the small
alpine glaciers could be gone as soon
as 2037.
• UN Environmental Programme (2003):
water shortage already affected 400
million people. By 2050, the number will
be tenfold.
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• 2100 - A combination of global warming
and other factors will push many
ecosystems to the limit, forcing them
to exceed their natural ability to adapt
to climate change.
“There is no longer any doubt that every
ecosystem that life depends on is
compromised and in danger.”
U.N. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005
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Climate Change Timeline
*
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*
We are here!
http://www.devon.gov.uk/contrast/climatechangetimeline.jpg
7-9 July 2008
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2008
- New Scientist, October 4, 2007
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www.indymedia.ie/.../oct2007/sustainability.jpg
Trend Continues
Breached
Source : Ecological Footprint Report (2004)
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• “There is one outstandingly
important fact regarding
Spaceship Earth, and that is
that no instruction book
came with it”
•
–
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- Buckminster Fuller
•
Are
not
the
Scapeship Earth
universities
Instructions
responsible for
providing the
Spaceship Earth
“instruction”
book?
•
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–
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What purpose is
today’s
•
university?
“How we
can live well within the
Is this the purpose
‘ranking’
meansofof
one planet?
?
• This is the main research question
of the 21st century."
•
- Dr. Mathis
Wackernagel
•
•
Executive Director
Global Footprint Network
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World-Class: Which world?
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World-Class: Who’s world?
“PLENTY
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“SCARCE
Stuart Hart,
professor of business
at Cornell University:
…pollution, global warming
and declining biodiversity
are only half of the sustainable
development equation; the other side is the need to reduce poverty.
Two-thirds of people (4 billion) make less
than USD 3 a day.
www.smh.com.au/.../poverty_wideweb__430x387.jpg
In his book, The End of Poverty [2005],
This is inherently unsustainable; it cannot last; it causes
Professor Jeffrey Sachs comments that
frustration, alienation, civil strife and ultimately collapse, both on
every day our newspapers could report
the human and environmental fronts.
"more than 20,000 people perished
yesterday of extreme poverty“ whyfiles.org/270sustain_develop/
[i.e. an equivalent of 40 jumbo jets crashing
everyday].
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http://pamirtimes.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/poverty-picture.jpg
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Reputation: Who’s reputation?
Ecological Debtors and Creditors
“PLENTY”
Ecological
Deficit
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Ecological
Reserve
< 50% of
biocapacity
> 50% of
biocapacity
> 50% of
biocapacity
< 50% of
biocapacity
Insufficient
data
© 2003-2007 Global Footprint Network, Last Updated: 10/21/2006
http://www.footprintnetwork.org/gfn_sub.php?content=creditor_debtor
Ranking: What and who’s values?
The Value of Tangibles vs Intangibles
Relative significance of intangible assets as major value drivers
in the modern economy compared to their tangible peers
90%
85%
62%
38%
5%
1978(a)
1982
1992(b)
1998(c)
2004(a)
In the last 20 years or so, the source of value has shifted to the right from
tangible to intangible assets with the turning point at around early 1990s
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Sources: (a) Value Based Management.Net (b) Brookings Institute, (2005);
(c) Baruch Lev analysis of S&P 500 companies
-The concept of happiness (or satisfaction with life),
is currently a major area of research in economics and
psychology, most closely associated with new developments in
positive psychology.
-There is increasing political interest in using measures of
happiness as a national indicator in conjunction with
measures of wealth. A recent BBC survey found that 81% of
the population think the Government should focus on
making us happier rather than wealthier.
-It has also become a feature in the current political discourse
in the UK, says Adrian White (U of Leicester, 2007).
-He meta-analysed data published by UNESCO, the CIA, the
New Economics Foundation, the WHO, the Veenhoven
Database, the Latinbarometer, the Afrobarometer, and the
UNHDR, to create a global projection of subjective
well-being: the first world map of happiness.
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www.le.ac.uk/users/aw57/world/sample.ht
The 20 happiest nations in the World (n=178) are:
1. Denmark
2. Switzerland
3. Austria
4. Iceland
5. The Bahamas
6. Finland
7. Sweden
8. Bhutan
9. Brunei
10. Canada
11. Ireland
12. Luxembourg
13. Costa Rica
14. Malta
15. The Netherlands
16. Antigua&Barbuda
17. Malaysia
18. New Zealand
19. Norway
20. The Seychelles
23. USA
35. Germany
41. UK
53 Singapore
62. France
82. China
90. Japan
125. India
167. Russia
177 Zimbabwe
The analysis showed that a nation's level of happiness was most closely associated with health
levels (correlation of .62), followed by wealth (.52), and then provision of education (.51). The
three predictor variables were also very closely associated with each other, illustrating the
interdependence of these factors.
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White, A. (2007). A Global Projection of Subjective Well-being: Psychtalk 56, 17-20.
Global Wealth Distribution
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What is Learning: Being vs Having?
• “Learning should be
about being and
not about having”
Confucius
K'ung-fu-tzu (孔夫子)
September 28, 551 BCE
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I want to
HAVE!!!
I
just want
to BE!
http://cagle.com/news/WallStreetBailout/8.asp (modified)
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World-Class in the Age of Unsustainability
Unsustainable
“How we can live well within the means
Lifestyles!
of one planet?
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2007
Medical Tribune (2004), Stitches – The Journal of Medical Humour, December 1-15, p. 3
10th International Congress
on Obesity (September, 2006):
There is an estimated 1.5 billion
overweight people globally today.
Yet in developing
countries, one
out of 10 children dies
before
5 years old due to
malnutrition
850 million people,
of which
220 million are
children,
go hungry*
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Modified from http://13gb.com
*Sacquet (2005) World Atlas of Sustainable Development, p. 19
What matters in the 21st century
Educating to build
a more
sustainable
future
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Shifting of modes and properties of science
towards Sustainability Science
Mode 1
Academic
Mode 2
Academic & social
Monodiscipline
Trans/interdiscipline
Technocratic
Participative…..
Predictive
Exploratory…
Certain
Uncertain..
Homogeneous
Heterogenous….
Individual production
Less integrative
Basic /Applied
K-coproduction ..
More integrative
Use-inspired Basic
Adapted from Martens, P. 2006. Sustainability: science or fiction?
Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy 2(1):1–5
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http://ejournal.nbii.org/archives/vol2iss1/communityessay.martens.html
Transforming Higher Education
for a Sustainable Tomorrow
Talent,
Resources,
Governance
Jamil S (nd)
World Bank
*Ecology,
Socio-culture,
Economy
USM as a sustainability-led university
Scapeship
Earth
Sustainability
Ranking
Instructions
*= Natural capital
Social capital
Economic capital
Nurturing & Learning
It
Students & refers
External
to Services
Research & Innovation
the 4 billion people
Values:
Enablers:
who make up the base of the
Quality, pyramid worldwide - mainly
Technology,
economic
the
Equity,
Accessibility
system,
world’s
poor - and the potential benefitsInnovation
of increasing
Availability,
Affordability
Distribution
& Marketing
the linkages
of the base of the pyramid to
knowledge..…
Bottom of the Pyramid
Endpoints: Quality of Life - MDG* (2015); EfSD* (2014)
©
2008* Millennium Development Goals by 2015; Education for Sustainable Development by 2014
“Reputable” Universities of 21st Century
global sustainability
intangible values
convergence
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arm1.static.flickr.com/205/448429803_d4388c4...
The Future
of Global ‘Ranking’
The Future Worldview of Education
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Since 1969
The University in a Garden
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Acknowledgement &
Disclaimer
This presentation and the opinions expressed are those of the author as
of the date of writing and are subject to change. It has been prepared
solely for purposes of education, information and discussion by the
recipients. Any reference to past data/indicators are not necessarily a
guide to the present and future. The information and analysis contained in
this publication have been compiled or arrived at from sources believed to
be reliable, and are duly acknowledged. The author does not make any
representation as to their accuracy or completeness and does not accept
liability for any loss arising from the use hereof.
Neither this document nor any copy thereof may be sent to or taken into
territories/places where the use and the distribution may be restricted by
local law and/or regulation.
This document may not be reproduced either in whole, or in part, without
the written permission of the author
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