Transcript Slide 1

The New 2010
Highway Capacity Manual
An Overview
2010 Highway Capacity Manual
Changes and Improvements
• Incorporation of New Research
• HCM Structure and Content
• Integrated Multimodal Approach
• Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications
• Alternative Tools
Overview of 2010 HCM
Incorporation of New Research
• NCHRP 3-60 (Interchange Ramp Terminals)
• NCHRP 3-64 (HCM Applications Guide)
• NCHRP 3-65 (Roundabouts in the United
States)
• NCHRP 3-70 (Multi-Modal Arterial Level of
Service)
• NCHRP 3-75 (Analysis of Freeway Weaving)
• NCHRP 3-79 (Predicting Travel Speeds for
Urban Streets)
Overview of 2010 HCM
Incorporation of New Research (cont.)
• NCHRP 3-82 (Default Values for HCM)
• NCHRP 3-85 (Guidelines for the Use of
Alternative Traffic Analysis Tools)
• NCHRP 20-7 (Two-lane Highways)
Overview of 2010 HCM
Production of the 2010 HCM
• NCHRP 3-92
– Signalized Intersection Methodology (New Delay
Method and Structure Changes reflecting
Actuated Control)
– Gap Acceptance for Six-Lane, Two-Way Stop
Controlled Intersections
– 75 Mph Speed Flow Curve for Freeways
Overview of 2010 HCM
2010 Highway Capacity Manual
Changes and Improvements
• Incorporation of New Research
• HCM Structure and Content
• Integrated Multimodal Approach
• Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications
• Alternative Tools
Overview of 2010 HCM
Overall Organization
• The 2010 HCM will consist of four volumes:
– Highway Capacity Concepts
– Highway Capacity for Uninterrupted Flow Facilities
– Highway Capacity for Interrupted Flow Facilities
– Highway Capacity Applications
Guide/Supplemental Material
• The HCQS will maintain a web-based technical
reference library
Overview of 2010 HCM
Volume 1: Concepts
Front Matter
1. HCM User’s Guide
2. Applications
3. Modal Characteristics
4. Traffic Flow & Capacity Concepts
5. Traveler Perception Concepts
6. Analysis Tools
7. Interpreting & Presenting Results
8. Policy Considerations
9. Glossary & Symbols
Volume 1 Index
Overview of 2010 HCM
Volume 1: Concepts
• Basic concepts an analyst should be familiar
with prior to conducting an HCM analysis
• Executive summary for decision-makers
• Material not expected to be significantly
revised
Overview of 2010 HCM
Volume 2: Uninterrupted Flow
How to Use Volume 2
10. Freeway Facilities
11. Basic Freeway Segments
12. Freeway Weaving Segments
13. Ramps & Ramp Junctions
14. Multilane Highways
15. Two-Lane Highways
Volume 2 Index
Overview of 2010 HCM
Significant Procedural Changes
• Basic Freeway Segments
– New speed-flow-density curves and speed curve
for 75-mph added
– Ramp density adjustment to FFS added
• Freeway Weaving Segments
– New NCHRP 3-75 Procedure Adopted
• Two Lane Roadways
– Two-way analysis eliminated
– New third highway class
• Moderately developed, Small towns
Overview of 2010 HCM
Volume 3: Interrupted Flow
How to Use Volume 3
16. Urban Street Facilities
17. Urban Street Segments
18. Signalized Intersections
19. Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections
20. All-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections
21. Roundabouts
22. Interchange Ramp Terminals
23. Off-Street Pedestrian & Bicycle Facilities
Volume 3 Index
Overview of 2010 HCM
Significant Procedure Changes
• Urban Street Segments
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Signalized intersection procedure expanded
Arrival flow profile with green proportion
Turning vehicle delay mid-block and signals
Estimating vehicle stop rate by segment
Multimodal level of service procedures
Overview of 2010 HCM
Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.)
• Signalized Intersections
– Iterative procedure based on actuated control
– Incremental Queue Accumulation (IQA) procedure
implemented to provide improved delay estimates
– Previous errors in queue model corrected
– Current HCM Pedestrian Methodology
incorporated
Overview of 2010 HCM
Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.)
• Interchange Ramp Terminals
– Diamond, Partial Cloverleaf and SPUI Applications
– Signalized Intersection Modifications
• Sat Flow Adjustments for Turn Radius, Lane Utilization
and Traffic Pressure
• Lost Time Adjustments for Demand Starvation and
Queue Spillback
• LOS defined for O-D’s and lane groups only
Overview of 2010 HCM
Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.)
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Roundabouts
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Utilizes entry, exit and conflicting flow rates on
lane-by-lane assignment of flows
Capacity function of conflicting flow
Right-turn by-pass lanes considered
Delay primarily a function of v/c ratio
LOS defined for critical lanes only
Overview of 2010 HCM
Volume 4: Applications Guide
• Electronic Only
• Chapters to include methodological details to
supplement operational procedure chapters
• HCM Applications Guide
• Technical Reference Library
– Electronic copies of documents referenced by HCM,
for which permission can be obtained to include
– Intended as background info on how HCM
methodologies were developed
Overview of 2010 HCM
2010 Highway Capacity Manual
Changes and Improvements
• Incorporation of New Research
• HCM Structure and Content
• Integrated Multimodal Approach
• Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications
• Alternative Tools
Overview of 2010 HCM
Integrated Multimodal Approach for
Urban Streets
Modal Interactions
• Integrating non-auto modes of travel
• Urban Street Segments and Facilities
• Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections
• Considers all users of the facility
• Interactions among ped, bike and transit modes
• Consider trade-off in allocating right-of-way
• Analysis, design and policy considerations
Overview of 2010 HCM
Multimodal Level of Service
• Level of Service (LOS)
• Typically Single Measure of Effectiveness (MOE)
– Directly measured and perceived by travelers
• User-Perception Indices
• Urban Street Segments
– Auto, pedestrian, bicycle and transit satisfaction
based user perception indices
Overview of 2010 HCM
Urban Street Service Measures
• Auto Mode
– Average travel speed based on revised Urban
Streets Procedures
• Pedestrian Mode
– User Satisfaction Index based on roadway and
vehicular traffic characteristics, sidewalk width
and separation from traffic, and pedestrian
flow rate, gap availability and delay, distance to
nearest signalized intersection, etc.
Overview of 2010 HCM
Level of Service Determination
• Bicycle Mode
-- User Satisfaction Index based on bicycle volume,
roadway cross section, volume and speed of
adjoining vehicular traffic, % trucks, parking, etc.
• Transit Mode
– User Satisfaction Index based on passenger load,
trip length, travel time, wait time, late arrivals,
number of stops, and passenger amenities, etc
Overview of 2010 HCM
2010 Highway Capacity Manual
Changes and Improvements
• Incorporation of New Research
• HCM Structure and Content
• Integrated Multimodal Approach
• Increased Emphasis on Planning and
Preliminary Engineering Applications
• Alternative Tools
Overview of 2010 HCM
Planning/Preliminary Engineering
Application Structure
• Produce estimate of hourly demand to hourly
capacity ratio to quantify the degree of
oversaturation
• Result in same LOS as operations analysis
when using the same input data, assumptions
and defaults
• Require the use of minimum basic input data
necessary to provide meaningful results
Overview of 2010 HCM
Planning/Preliminary Engineering
Application Structure (Cont.)
• Defaults developed to represent a range of
values to include minimum, average, and ideal
conditions, and include representative values
of model inputs depicting a variety of input
conditions. Guidance provided on methods
for estimating input values, appropriate use
of default values, and other simplifying
assumptions.
Overview of 2010 HCM
Service Volume Tables
• Tables of maximum service volumes for a
facility, based on its particular characteristics*
• Peak hour or daily service volumes
• Quick reference look-up tables to answer basic
questions such as:
– How many lanes might be needed?
– What will be future LOS?
– Where can we anticipate problems?
Overview of 2010 HCM
Facility-Specific SVTs
Exhibit 10-8 Generalized Daily Service Volumes for Urban Freeway Facilities (in
1,000 veh/day)
Assumptions include:
• 5% trucks,
• 0% buses,
• 0% RVs,
• 0.95 PHF,
• 3 ramps/mi,
• fp = 1.00,
• 12-ft lanes,
• 6-ft lateral clearance.
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Overview of 2010 HCM
SVT Potential Applications
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Quick estimate of LOS
Is there a problem?
System adequacy
Travel demand models
Roadway quick sizing
Serve as a good feedback loop
Overview of 2010 HCM
Signalized Intersection SVTs
Roadway Type
# of Lanes
Service Volumes
(per direction)
A
B
C
D
E
1*
2
1*
2
2
3
4
2
3
4
2
3
4
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250
560
330
610
740
1170
1650
720
1140
1620
810
1240
1720
390
720
490
770
1060
1620
2210
1030
1580
2180
1150
1700
2300
440
770
550
820
1160
1750
2370
1130
1710
2340
1260
1840
2470
480
800
590
850
1250
1860
2520
1210
1820
2490
1350
1950
2620
Undivided Roadway
Two-way w/ Parking
Two-way w/o Parking
One-way w/ Parking (1 side)
One-way w/ Parking (2 sides)
One-way w/o Parking
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Overview of 2010 HCM
Signalized Intersection SVTs (cont.)
Example: Peak Hour Operating Conditions on
Downtown Signalized Grid Street System
2010 Highway Capacity Manual
Changes and Improvements
• Incorporation of New Research
• HCM Structure and Content
• Integrated Multimodal Approach
• Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications
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Alternative Tools
Overview of 2010 HCM
Alternative Tools
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Analysis Tools
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Significant Guidance
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Recognizes limitations of HCM analytical procedures
Strengths of other tools (i.e. simulation) compared
with HCM methods
Freeways, Weaving, Ramps, Facilities
Signals, Urban Streets, Roundabouts
TWSC, Interchange Ramp Terminals
Minimal Guidance
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Multilane, Two-Lane, AWSC, Peds, Bikes
Overview of 2010 HCM
ITE 2010 HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL
WEB BRIEFINGS
• ITE, in conjunction with the Transportation Research Board is offering
the following Web Briefings to help users learn and apply HCM2010
methods:
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Highway Capacity Manual 2010 Overview: Now in Four Volumes!
Applications of the New Active Traffic Management Chapter
Changes to Unsignalized Intersection Methodologies
New Multi-Modal Urban Streets Methodology- Pedestrian, Bicycle and Transit
Methods
New Signalized Intersection Methodology
Multi-Modal Urban Streets Methodology- Auto Mode
New Material on the Use of Alternative Tools: Micro Simulation Models
New Freeway Weaving Methodology
Enhancements to the Freeway Facilities Method
Enhanced Planning Methods and Application of Generalized Service Volume Tables
Overview of 2010 HCM