Transcript 非谓语动词

非谓语动词
(一)非谓语动词在句中的成分
不定式几乎可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分，动
名词起名词的作用。现在分词和过去分词起形容词和
副词的作用。
语法特征
名词特征
形容词特征
副词特征
意义特征
主语
宾语
同位语
表语
宾语补语
√
表
语
定语
状语
√
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不定式
主观性具体性一次性将来性
√
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动名词
客观性抽象性一般性经验性
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现在分词
主动正在进行
√
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√
过去分词
被动完成
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√
√
√
副词特征作状语
意义特征
目的
时间
原因
√
√
√
条件
结果
让步
伴随或方式
√
不定式
主观性，将来性
现在分词
主动，正在进行
√
√
√
过去分词
被动，完成
√
√
√
√
√
√
√

(二)非谓语动词在同一成分中用法的辨析
1．做主语：-般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，
表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示，而表
示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。
Looking after children is her job.
To clean the classroom is his job today.
2．做宾语：
I like swimming, but I don't like to swim today
because I don't feel well.
(1)．有些动词只能接不定式做宾语，这些动词
接上不定式，含有明显的主观性和将来性意

义。如：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，
promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，
plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，
fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，
long，(happen，seem)，等等。
He refused to speak on the radio.
He desired to see you．
(2)．.有些动词只接动名词做宾语，这些动词接
上动名词，含有明显的"依据往事或经验来作出理解
和判断"的意思。mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，
permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，
keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，
admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。

短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，
insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't
help，be/get used to等
短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use
doing，be busy doing等
The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming
across the river.
She can't stand having nothing to do at home.
His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and
often advised him to give up smoking.
All the family insisted on my staying with them a few
days longer.
It's no good learning without practicing.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
She doesn't feel like eating anything，being ill for a
few days.

(3).有些动词后面既可接不定式，又可接动名词，
其意义基本相同，区别不大。如；like，love，hate，
delay，continue，attempt(企图)，afford(提供)，
prefer．omit(省略)，begin，start.
The Einsteins, however, could not afford to
pay for(or：paying for)the advanced education that
young Albert needed.
I prefer staying (to stay) at home on Sunday.
注意：begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词
为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。
When we came in, they were beginning to
have supper.
After his explanation, I began to understand it
/ realize that I was wrong.

(4).有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词，但其意
义有很大区别，须特别注意：
A．remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意
义(=having done)，接不定式，表示将来意义：
Please remember to bring me the book I want next
time.
I remember seeing her (=having seen her)
somewhere before.
Don't forget to write to me soon.
I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the
first time.
I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔
干……事)
I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice.
I regret to say I can't take your advice. (遗憾=be
sorry)

B．mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……；
mean doing：意味着，就是
I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your
feelings，
I meant to call on you, but I was so busy.
Learning a foreign language doesn't mean
just working in class.
C．stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事，
不定式作目的状语；stop doing停止干……，动名词
作宾语。
After some time, they stopped walking and
had a rest.
After walking some time, they stopped to
have a rest.

D．try：try to do，努力，试图干……事；try doing：试
着干……事
He searched everywhere and tried to find his key.
He came to the city from the countryside and tried
to find a job.
The mother is out and the boy had to try cooking for
himself.
They tried to succeed and tried doing their
experiments again and again.
E．want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，表
示"需要、该……"；接不定式，表示"想，要干……"
The room wants cleaning.
The bike requires repairing.

These young trees require looking after.
The matter needs thinking over.(=to be
thought over)
A Mr. Wang wants to see you.
You don't need to leave so early.
F．go on：go on to do继续干和原来不同的另
一件事，不定式作目的状语。
go on doing继续干原来同一件事，动名词作
宾语。
After a smoke，he went on telling us that
interesting story.
After writing his English composition he
went on to work out his maths problems.

G．动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单
宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。
Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit
one's health.
The doctor advised him to give up smoking
so as to improve his health.
She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her
room.=She doesn't allow (permit)anyone to smoke
in her room.
Parking is forbidden here.=Any cars not
permitted to park here.

3．做宾补：
不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的
行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，
亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以
表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动
意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。
When I came in, I saw her dancing happily.
I often hear her sing songs in English in her room.
They had the lights burning all night long.
I saw Li Ping pass by and enter the next room just
now.
The mother will have the doctor examine her son
again.
Tomorrow I'll have my hair cut.

When I got home I found the window broken and
the thief gone away already.
When they returned to their hometown, after
an absence of twenty years, they found everything
changed.
4．做表语：
不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以
和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它
们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表
语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，
可以回答how的问题。
Her job is cleaning offices.(What is her job?)
(Cleaning offices is her job.)

Our job today is to clean the office.(=To clean
the office is our job today.)
The news is very exciting.(How is the news?)
They are very tired after a long walk.
The door is locked now.
The children are well dressed these days.
5．做定语：
不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先
行词内容等关系。在时态上常是将来意义，现在分
词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义；过去分词做定
语则是完成时态意义。此外，不定式做定

语时只能后置，不可前置，而单个分词做定语可前
置，分词短语做定语则须后置。动名词做定语，须
前置，且要重读，它表明先行词的用途。而分词做
定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态。
a swimming boy=a boy who is swimming
a swimming pool=a pool for swimming
the boiling water=the water that is boiling
drinking water=water for drinking
Today I have a letter to write.
Please find a man to help us.
It is a good chance to practise your spoken
English.

I like reading books written by Lu Xun.
The woman standing over there is our English
teacher.
The house to be built (=which will be
built/which is to be built) next year will be our new
library.
The house being built (=which is being built)
now will be our new library.
The house built (=which was built) last year is
our new library now.

6．做状语：
不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工。动词不定式多做目
的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末；分词可以表示时间、
原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，
多放在后面。单独的动名词不能做状语，在介词后形成介词
短语，从而做状语。
(1)．目的状语：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客
观性和将来性特征。不定式前还可加上in order，so as来加
强说话的口气。但so as to通常不用于句首。
The Smiths have gone to London to spend their
holidays.
I came here (in order/so as) to hear the report.
In order to(不用so as to) see better, we took front
seats.

(2)．时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。现
在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的
动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。如果分
词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。过
去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。分词
前有时加上时间连词。
Arriving (=When he arrived) at the bus stop, he found
his sister there.
Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met
with a friend of mine.
Having (=When we have) made full preparations, we
are ready for an examination.
Having (=When he had) finished his homework, he
went to bed.
After finishing his homework, he went to bed.

Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the
town looks more beautiful.
Locked (=When he was looked) up in the
room, he found himself isolated from the outer
world.
When asked to make a speech, he said he
was glad to do so.
Once recovered, he went all out to do his work.
(3)．原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形
容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy, sorry, fortunate,
angry, glad, ashamed, discouraged, delighted,
frightened, shocked等。分

词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。
I am sorry to hear that you are not well.
I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.
Being (=Since he was) ill all last year, he lived in a
sanatorium.
There being no enough money, he couldn't buy the
dictionary that he wanted.
Having (=Since they had) been asked to stay, they
couldn't possibly leave right away.
Moved (=As he was moved) by the heroic deeds of
the PLA man, he burst into tears.
(4)．条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语
从句。一般位于句首。

Turning (=If you turn) to the left，you will see the post
office.
United (=If we are united), we stand; divided (=if we
are divided), we fall.
Given (=If he had been given) more time, he would be
able to do better.
(5)．结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形
容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough to
和only to等结构。
现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。
He arrived late to find the train gone.
I worked late into the night, only to find I had not
finished half of the job.
He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his
neighbours.

His is such a sad story as to arouse out
sympathy。
I ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard
quite out of breath.
The man died young, leaving nothing but debt.
(6)．让步状语：通常有过去分词来表示，而且
前面通常有表示让步意义的though。
Though wounded, the soldier managed to get
to the village safely.
Though warned of the danger, he still went
skating on the thin ice.
(7)．伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位
于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。

Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students
talk with them using English.
She came running towards us.
They walked along the streets, talking and
laughing.
He went into the house, followed by some
children.
He continued to walk up and down, lost in
thought.

下面是历年高考题：做做看！
(78)1. I've heard him_____ about you often.
A. spoke
B. speaks
C. speak
(79)2. I'm hungry. Get me something_____.
A. eat
B. to eat
C. eating
D. for eating
(79)3. There isn't any difference between the two. I really
don't know_____
A. where to choose
B. which to
choose
C. to choose what
D. to
choose which
(79)4, The teacher told them_____ make so much noise.
A. don't
B. not
C. will not
D. not to
(79)5. I saw him_____ out of the room.
A. go
B. had gone
C. has gone
D. goes

(79)6. I'm going to have my radio
A. fixed
B. to fix
C. fix
D. fixing
(80)7. The workers want us_____ together with them.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
(80)8. The officers narrowly escaped_____ in the hot
battle.
A. have killed B. to kill
C. to be killed
D. being killed
(80)9. _____ the letter, he went out to post it,
A. Writing
B. Being written C. Having
written D. Written
(80)10. If you wave your book in front of your face, you
can feel the air_____ against your face.
A. moved
B. moving
C. moves
D. to move

81)11. Don't you remember_____?
A. seeing the man before
B. to see
the man before
C. saw the man before
D. to have
seen the man before
注；第11题A．D答案均为正确
(83) 12. People couldn't help_____ the foolish emperor in
the procession.
A. laugh at
B. to laugh at C. laughing at
D. laughing on
(83) 13. What's the language in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. be spoken
D. to speak
(83)14. We're looking forward_____ the photo exhibition.
A. to visiting B. to visit
C. to having visited
D. visiting

(83) 15. Our headmaster often told us _____ things for
granted.
A. not to have B. not to take C. didn't take
D. not to make
(83)16. The girl_____ under that tree is my sister.
A. sitting
B. sits
C. is sitting
D. sat
(84)17. ___ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed
B.
Followed by
C. Being followed
D. Having
been followed by
(84)18. Do you remember_____ me at a party last year?
A. meet
B. to meet
C. meeting
D. met

(85)19. This sentence needs_____
A. an improvement B. improve
C.
improving
D. improved
(85)20. "What are you going to do this morning?"
"I'm thinking of_____ to visit my aunt."
A. go
B. going
C.
having gone D. my going
(85)21. _____ anything about the accident ,he
went to work as usual.
A. Not known
B. Known not
C.
Knowing not D. Not knowing

(85)22. "Have you decided when_____?"
"Yes, tomorrow morning."
A. to leave
B. to be leaving C. will you
leave D. are you leaving
(85)23. I really enjoy_____ that kind of job.
A. do
B. doing
C. to do
D. to be doing
(85)24. "There's a hole in your bag."
"l know. I am going to have it_____."
A. mend
B. mending
C.
mended
D. to be mended
(86)25. The next morning she found the man in bed,
_____ dead.
A. lying
B. lie
C. lay
D. laying

(86)26. Tell him_____ the window.
A. to shut not B. not to shut
C. to not shut
D. not shut
(86)27. Only one of these books is
A. worth to read
B. worth
being read
C. wroth of reading
D. worth
reading
(86)28. He had his leg_____ in the match yesterday.
A. to break
B. broken
C. break
D. breaking
(86)29. I can't imagine_____ that with them.
A. do
B. to do
C. being
done
D. doing

(87) 30. Most of the people_____ to the party were
famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invite
C.
being invited D. inviting
(87)31. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed
_____.
A. catching
B. to be caught
C.
being caught D. to catch
(87)32. Though he had often made his little
sister_____, today he was made_____ by his little
sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying
C. cry;
cry
D. to cry; cry

(87)33. They would not allow him_____ across the enemy
line.
A. to risk going
B. risking
to go
C. for risk to go
D. risk going
(88)34. She didn't remember_____ him before.
A. having met B. have met
C. to meet
D. to having met
(88)35. They knew her very well. They had seen her_____
up from childhood.
A. grow
B. grew
C. was
growing
D. to grow
(89)36. Do you know the boy_____ under the big tree?
A. lay
B. lain
C. laying
D. lying

(89)37. Go on_____ the other exercise after you have
finished this one.
A. to do
B. doing
C. with
D. to be doing
(89)38.There was terrible noise______ the sudden burst of
light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be
followed D. being followed
(89)39. "What do you think of the book?"
"Oh, excellent. It's worth_____ a second time."
A. to read
B. to be read
C. reading
D. being read
(89)40. She pretended_____ me when I passed by.
A. not to see B. not seeing
C. to not see
D. having not seen

(89)41. "Good morning. Can I help you?"
"I'd like to have this package_____, madam."
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to
weigh
D. weighed
(89)42. _____ your coat at once. We must hurry.
A. Wear
B. Wearing
C. Put
on
D. Putting on
(90)43. Most of the artists_____ to the party were from
South Africa.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being
invited D. had been invited
(90)44. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown
better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given

(90)45. She reached the top of the hill and
stopped_____ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting
C. to
rest
D. rest
(90)46. Last summer I took a course on
A. how to make dresses
B. how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses
D. how dresses to be made
(91)47. The murderer was brought in, with his
hands_____ behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to
be tied
D. tied

(91)48. The secretary worked late into the night,
_____ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C.
prepared
D. was preparing
(91)49. I can hardly imagine Peter_____ across
the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail
B. to sail
C.
sailing
D. to have sailed
(91)50. --The light in the office is still on.
--Oh, I forgot_____
A. turning it off
B.
turn it off
C. to turn it off
D.
having turned it off

(91)51. John was made_____ the truck for a week as a
punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
(92)52. Little Jim should love to_____ the theatre this
evening.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being
taken D. taking
(92)53. --I usually go there by train.
--Why not_____ by boat for a change.
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and
go D. try going
(92)54. I would appreciate______ back this afternoon.
A. you to call
B. you call
C. your
calling D. you're calling

(92)55. There're so many kinds of tape- recorders on sale
that I can't make up my mind_____ to buy.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
(92)56._____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving
B.
Receiving not
C. Not having received
D.
Having not received
(93)57, "Can't you read?" Mary said_____ to the notice,
A.angrily pointing
B. and
point angrily
C.angrily pointed
D. and
angrily pointing

(93)58.How about the two of us_____ a walk down
the garden?
A. to take
B. take
C.
taking
D. to be taking
(93)59. The computer centre, _____ last year, is
very popular among the students in this school.
A. open
B. opening
C. having opened D. opened
(93) 60. Charles Babbage is generally considered
_____ the first computer.
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented

(94)61. --I must apologize for_____ ahead of time.
--That's all right.
A. letting you not know
B. not
letting you know
C. letting you know not
D.
letting not you know
(94)62, The missing boys were last seen_____ near the
river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
(94)63.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with
the talks, _____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.
A. having added
B. to add
C.
adding
D. added

(94)64. The first textbooks_____ for teaching English as a
foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written
C. being
written D. written
(95)65.--You were brave enough to raise objections at the
meeting:
--Well, now I regret_____ that.
A. to do
B. to be doing
C. to
have done D. having done
(95)66. Paul doesn't have to be made_____. He always
works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C.
learned
D. learning
(95)67. We agreed_____ here but so far she hasn't turned
up yet.
A. having met
B. meeting
C. to
meet
D. to have met

(96)68. The patient was warned______ oily food after the
operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to
eat D. not eating
(96)69. ______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in
front of him.
A. Losing
B. Having lost
C.
Lost
D. To lose
(97)70. I would love______ to the party last night but I had
to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C.
going
D. having gone
(97) 71. The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B. C., did not
include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be
first played
C. first played
D. to
be first playing

(97)72. -- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
-- I______, but I had an unexpected, visitor.
A. had
B. would
C.
was going to D. did
(97)73. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but
everyone______ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C.
could
D. was able to
(98)74. _____ it with me and I'll see what I can do.
A. When left
B. Leaving
C.If
you leave D. Leave
(98)75. Cleaning women in big cities usually get______ by
the hour.
A. pay
B. paying
C.
paid
D. to pay

(98)76. European football is played in 80 countries,
______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making
B. makes
C. made
D. to make
(99)77. Robert is said_____ abroad, but I don't
know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study
C. to be studying
D. to have been studying
(99)78. The purpose of new technologies is to
make life easier, _____ it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do not make

(99)79. When I got back home I saw a message
pinned to the door______ "Sorry to miss you; will
call later."
A. read
B. reads
C. to read
D. reading
(2000)80. I've worked with children before, so I
know what______ in my new job.
A. expected
B. to expect
C. to be expecting D. expects
(2000)81. The managers discussed the plan that
they would like to see______ the next year.
A. carry out
B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out

(2001)82. ______ such heavy pollution already, it may
now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering
C. To
suffer
D. Suffered
(2002)83. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old
couple, but it remains______ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C.
seeing
D. seen
(2002)84. It is said in Australia there is more land than the
government knows ______.
A. it what to do with
B. what
to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do
what with it
注：此题没有正确答案。如答案选C，须去掉it。

(2002上海)85. In order to gain a bigger share in the
international market, many state-run companies are
striving______ their products more competitive.
A. to make
B. making
C. to have
made D. having made
(2002上海)86. Quite a few people used to believe that
disaster_____ if a mirror was broken.
A. was sure of striking
B. was sure of
having struck
C. was sure to be struck
D. was sure to
strike
(2002上海)87. Though______ money, his parents
managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in

(2002上海)88. Don't use words, expressions, or
phrases_______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known
B. having been known
C. to
be known
D. known
(2002上海)89. ______ to sunlight for too much time will do
harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having
exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being
exposed
(2002春招)90. Prices of daily goods______ through a
computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying

(2002上海春招)91. In some parts of London, missing a bus
means______ for another hour.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. to be waiting
(2002上海春招)92. When_____, the museum will he open
to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing C. being
completed D. to be completed
(2002北京)93--How do you deal with the disagreement
between the company and the customers?
--The key ______ the problem is to meet the
demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving;
made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve;
made

(2002广东)94. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for
the old couple, but it remains______ whether they will
enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
(2002广东)95. It is said in Australia there is more land than
the government knows______.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it
with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what
with it
(2002广东)96. The research is so designed that
once______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun C. beginning
D. begun

(2003全国)97. The teacher asked us______ so
much noise.
A. don't make
B. not make
C. not
making
D. not to make
(2003全国)98. ______ time, he'll make a first-class
tennis player.
A. Having given
B. To give
C.
Giving
D. Given
(2003上海)99. The discovery of new evidence led
to______.
A. the thief having caught
B. catch
the thief
C. the thief being caught
D. the
thief to be caught

(2003上海)100. Generally speaking, ______ according to
directions, the drug has no side-effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to
take D. when to be taken
(2003上海)101. An army spokesman stressed that all the
soldiers had been ordered_______ clear warnings before
firing any shots.
A. to issue
B. being issued C. to have
issued D. to be issued
(2003上海)102. There is a new problem involved in the
popularity of private cars_______ road conditions
need______.
A. that; to be improved
B. which; to be
improved
C. where; improving
D. when;
improving

(2003北京春招)103. --Why did you go back to the shop?
--I left my friend______ there.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. waits
(2003北京春招)104. The manager,______ his factory's
products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers
further training.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. being known
(2003北京春招)105. The man we followed suddenly
stopped and looked as if _______ whether he was going
in the right direction.
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see

(2003上海春招)106. Don't be discouraged. ______ things
as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A. Taking
B. To take
C. Take
D. Taken
(2003上海春招)107. Friendship is like money: easier made
than ____.
A. kept
B. to be kept
C. keeping
D. being kept
(2003上海春招)108. ______the meeting himself gave
them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend
B. The president
to attend
C. The president attended
D. The
president's attending

(2003上海春招)109. Unless______ to speak, you
should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being
invited D. having invited
(2003上海春招)110. Site will tell us why she feels
so strongly that each of us has a role______ in
making the earth a better place to live.
A. to have played B. to play
C. to be
played
D. to be playing

KEYS:
1. CBBDA
6.ACDCB
16. ABCCB
21. DABCA
3l. CA AAA 36. DABCA
46. ADBCC
51. AADCB
61. BACDD
66. BCCCB
76.AABDB
81.CABCA
91.AADBC
96.DDDCB
106.CADAB
11. ACBAB
26. BDBDA
41. DCAAC
56. CACDC
71.CCDDC
86.DCDCB
101. AAAAD