Transcript KM3NeT
KM3NeT L. Moscoso DAPNIA/SPP CEA/Saclay 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 1 Detection principle Huge detection volume: km3 Shielded against cosmic rays p m n qc=43° m n 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 2 Scientific topics Astronomy –Quasars –Gamma-ray bursts –Microquasars –Pulsars –SNR Cosmology/ particle physics –Dark matter The Mediterranean is well suited to observe the Galactic Centre. Results from H.E.S.S. are encouraging. 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 3 Neutrinos from the GC HESS observations - Energy spectrum Aharonian et al., A&A 425, L13-L17 (2004) dF/dEg = F0 E- with = 2.2 F0 = 1.1×10-4 m-2 s-1 GeV-1 Km3 detector sensitive to a neutrino flux = gamma-ray flux 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 4 HESS scan of the Galactic centre 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 5 Possible combined observations • Neutrinos from galactic centre detectable in KM3NeT in a few weeks to years (Crocker, Melia, Volkas, Astrophys. J. 622 (2005) L37-40); • Other HESS observations like RX J1713.7-3946 and PSR B150958 in the GC proximity are promising; • Integral and Swift are flying. Swift has reported 42 GRB in 6 months. Hopefully new space detectors in 2010-2020 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 6 Nemo Phase 1 Geoseismic station SN-1 (INGV) Shore station 5 km e.o. cable 21 km e.o. Cable with single steel shield J J 2.5 km e.o. Cable with double steel shield BU J 5 km e.o. cable 10 optical fibres standard ITU- T G-652 6 electrical conductors 4 mm2 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 7 Nestor prototype results Recently published: G. Aggouras et al. Astropart. Phys. 23 (2005) 377 Zenith angle distribution 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 8 Antares: MILOM & Line 0 MILOM Line 0 – Cable test Almost a complete line (23 storeys) No electronics Study optical fibre transmission Autonomous recording devices (Tinytags) and measurements from the shore (master electro-optical and interlink cables) Final version of the electronics No water leaks in electronics containers Successful deployment-recovery-checkdeployment-connection-recovery Good and constant conductivity and insulation Optical transmission losses at a number of locations (in the containers) 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 9 Antares: The Junction Box JB stable since 30 months. 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 10 Antares MILOM: Timing resolution s 0.75ns for one PMT s 0.75/2 s 0.5ns Will allow a 0.2° pointing resolution 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 11 Antares-MILOM: ARS responses Single pe signal wave-form 640MHz sampling Charge distribution (baseline subtracted) Single photoelectron peak Main clock 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 12 KM3NeT Design Study Participants • Cyprus: • France: Univ. Cyprus CEA/Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3 (CPP Marseille, IreS Strasbourg), IFREMER • Germany: Univ. Erlangen, Univ. Kiel • Greece: HCMR, Hellenic Open Univ., NCSR Democritos, NOA/Nestor, Univ. Athens • Italy: CNR/ISMAR, INFN (Univs. Bari, Bologna, Catania, Genova, Messina, Pisa, Roma-1, LNS Catania, LNF Frascati), INGV, Tecnomare SpA • Netherlands: NIKHEF/FOM • Spain: IFIC/CSIC Valencia, Univ. Valencia, UP Valencia • UK: Univ. Aberdeen, Univ. Leeds, Univ. Liverpool, John Moores Univ. Liverpool, Univ. Sheffield Particle/Astroparticle institutes (17) Sea science/technology institutes (7) Coordinator 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 13 KM3NeT Design Study: Resources • Suggested overall budget of the Design Study: 24 M€ (mainly personnel, but also equipment, consumables, travel etc.). • Amount requested from EU: 10 M€; • Estimated overall labor power: ~3500 FTEMs (FTEM = full-time equivalent person month) → 100 persons working full-time over 3 years! Substantial resources (labor power) additional to those available in the current pilot projects will be required ! 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 14 The KM3NeT Design Study: Milestones • Proposal submission 04.03.2004. • Evaluation report received June 2004 (overall mark: 88%). • Unofficial but reliable message (Sept. 2004): The KM3NeT Design Study will be funded ! • Currently waiting for EU call to negotiation. Negotiations expected between summer and end 2005 • KM3NeT in the ESFRI “List of opportunities” • Strong support is asked to the funding agencies 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 15 KM3NeT Consortium Organizational structure (phase 1): – – – – 23/06/2005 Negotiation Preparation Group (NPG). Task: preparation of the consortium agreement Major legislative body: General Assembly; One representative per institute; Simple set of rules for phase 1 worked out by NPG. Task: Approval of all documents, commitments, ... Coordinator: U. Katz confirmed. In permanent contact with Brussels. WP responsibles: named by “Leading Institutes” Task: establish communication between WP partners, collect info., contact persons for NPG, WP summaries CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 16 Working packages 23/06/2005 Task Descriptive title Leading participant WP1 Management of the Design Study Univ-Erlangen (D) WP2 Astro-particle physics IN2P3 (F) WP3 Physics analysis Hellenic Open Univ. (Gr) WP4 System and product engineering Saclay (F) WP5 Information technology FOM (NL) WP6 Shore and deep-sea infrastructure INFN (I) WP7 Sea surface infrastructure National Observatory of Athens/Nestor (Gr) WP8 Risk assessment and QA INFN (I) WP9 Resource exploration NCSR Democritos (Gr) WP10 Associated science Univ-Aberdeen (UK) CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 17 Time line 24/25 Feb. 2005: 1 March 2005: First meeting of NPG; Nomination of all WP coordinators approval by GA; 14-15 June 2005: Second meeting of NPG; End June 2005: Guideline for WP coordinators; 5 Sept. 2005: First common meeting of NPG and WP coordinators; (few pages, detailing plans, resources, ...); 8-11 Nov. 2005: Second VLVnT workshop, Catania. 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 18 Conclusions (1) • HE neutrino observation is essential to achieve multimessenger and multi-wavelength astronomy; • An equipped volume of at least one km3 is necessary; • The Mediterranean Sea allows us to observe the Galactic Centre; • FP6 Design Study will combine the efforts of the three pilot projects Antares, Nemo, Nestor; 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 19 Conclusions (2) The balance of these last few months is very positive: – Scientific point of view • The recent HESS observations in the TeV range are very encouraging; – Political point of view • ESFRI adds KM3NeT to “List of opportunities”; • The funding agencies show their intention to reinforce their support to the pilot projects; • New institutes (not present in the 3 pilot projects) have joined KM3NeT; – Technical point of view • The recent results with the new Antares prototypes are an important progress. 23/06/2005 CEA DSM Dapnia - L. Moscoso - KM3NeT 20