Transcript Defining Sustainable Practices Dorothy Gerring, Associate

Defining
Sustainable Practices
Dorothy Gerring
Associate Professor Architecture
Pennsylvania College of Technology
“It is not necessary to change. Survival is not mandatory.”
-W. Edwards Deming
Sustainability:
The ability to meet our
needs while preserving the
ability of future generations
to meet their needs.
Where we live.
The image above shows how our galaxy might
look if viewed from one of our nearestneighbour galaxies. The approximate location of
our solar system within the galaxy is also
shown. Of course, this isn't an actual picture of
our galaxy, it is an image taken by the Anglo
Australian Telescope of NGC2997, a nearby
galaxy with a similar structure to our own.
Earth from space:
satellite DIRECTV 8
5:30pm EST
November 13, 2006
Earth and Moon Viewer
The Living Earth®, NASA Johnson Space Center
What is your ecological footprint?
http://ecofoot.org/
Food Footprint
1.How often do you eat animal based products? (beef,
pork, chicken, fish, eggs, dairy products)
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2.How much of the food that you eat is processed,
packaged and imported?
Goods Footprint
3.Compared to people in your neighborhood, how much
waste do you generate?
Shelter Footprint
4.How many people live in your household?
•
5.What is the size of your home?
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6.Which housing type best describes your home?
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7.Do you have electricity in your home?
Mobility Footprint
8.On average, how far do you travel on public
transportation each week (bus, train, subway or ferry)?
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9.On average, how far do you go by motorbike each
week (as a driver or passenger)?
•
10.On average, how far do you go by car each week (as
a driver or passenger)?
•
11.Do you bicycle, walk, or use animal power to get
around?
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12.Approximately how many hours do you spend flying
each year?
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13.How many liters per 100 kilometers does your car
consume?
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14.How often do you drive in a car with someone else,
rather than alone?
6,605,603,126 world population
302,358,512 U.S. population
http://www.census.gov/main/ww
w/popclock.html
as of July 16, 2007 2:25pm EST
• Economic development
• Social equity
• Environmental degradation
Earth and Moon Viewer
The Living Earth®, NASA
Johnson Space Center
WWF Living Planet Report 2006
Greenhouse
Effect
= Global
Warming
= Climate
Change
It’s all about the carbon cycle:
(click on Effects tab and then scroll down to bottom to
“Earth’s Thermostat”)
How much carbon dioxide are
you and your products
contributing?
(Vital Climate Graphics Africa)
Change is hard!
• People adopt new
technology when the level
of crisis is greater than
the perceived pain of
adopting the technology
Pip Coburn: The Change Function 2006
• 5 steps: Denial, Anger,
Bargaining, Depression,
Acceptance
• New technology takes
about 30 years to be
integrated into society
U.S. Building
Impacts:
12%
30%
65%
70%
Water Use
Greenhouse
Waste
Output
Electricity
Consumption
Gas Emissions
Test
Average
Savings of
Green
Buildings
CARBON
SAVINGS
35%
ENERGY
SAVINGS
30%
Source:
Capital E
Test
WATER
USE
SAVINGS
30-50%
WASTE
COST
SAVINGS
50-90%
Building in USA: looking to 2035
• 275 billion square feet of existing stock now
• Will tear down 52 billion square feet
• Will build 150 billion square feet
3/4 of built environment will be new
or renovated space by 2035
Edward Mazria: http://architecture2030.org/
Photo Pittsburg Convention Center: http://blogs.pulver.com/jarnold/archives/Image461.jpg
Life Cycle & Embodied energy
http://www.usc.edu/dept/architecture/mbs/tools/sbma/evalmet.html
http://www.energybulletin.net/14143.html
Achieving high
performance
buildings
1.
Design Planning and Innovation (low tech)
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•
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Project Team: includes everyone from start
Goal Setting: must have benchmarks
Integrated Design: building envelope
(insulative value), passive solar,
daylighting, natural ventilation,
landscaping, material selection
(http://architecture2030.org/regional_solutions/insulation.html)
2.
Adding Technology (high tech)
•
Active solar (photovoltaics, solar water
heating), wind, geothermal, biomass &
biofuels, hydroelectric
Measurement Tools & Helpful Sites
•
LEED: Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design—8 building types;
certified project; www.usgbc.org
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NAHB: Model Green Home Building Guidelines; voluntary; claims
membership builds 80% housing stock and ½ of those homes will
incorporate green design by end of 2007; www.nahb.org
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GGGC: Governor's Green Government Council; information, downloads,
videos; www.gggc.state.pa.us
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PATH: Partnership for Advancing Housing Technology; specific product and
technology information for high efficiency and healthy homes;
www.pathnet.org
•
RMI: Rocky Mountain Institute; Amory Lovins (a founder of the sustainability
movement) has tons of information about practically everything;
www.rmi.org
•
Environmental Building News: the “Consumer Reports” of materials
specification and performance; requires a subscription to access most of the
site information; really the only unbiased reports currently in the
marketplace; http://www.buildinggreen.com/
What is the
LEED System?
LEADERSHIP in
ENERGY and
ENVIRONMENTAL
DESIGN
A leading-edge
system for
certifying
DESIGN,
CONSTRUCTION,
& OPERATIONS
of the greenest
buildings in the
world
Scores are tallied for
different aspects of
efficiency and design
in appropriate
categories.
For instance, LEED
assesses in detail:
1. Site Planning
2. Water Management
3. Energy Management
4. Material Use
5. Indoor
Environmental
Air Quality
6. Innovation &
Design Process
Test
Levels of NAHB
Ratings
Green Buildings
worldwide are certified
with a voluntary,
consensus-based
rating system.
USGBC has four
White
Test
levels of LEED.
LEED for new construction
buildings as of 07/06
480
200+
100-199
50-99
20-49
1-19
Distribution
by geography
186
23 (DE)
24 (NH)
134
174
9
11
AK=10
HI=16
PR=1
4
22
11
9
120
23
40
28
69
79
68
95
5 (OK)
19
57
4
74
11
25
22
125
19
102
52
18
6
6
73
Test
12
61 27
14
8
82
173
119
36
33
105
9 (DE) 38 (DC)
2030 Challenge: architecture2030.org
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All new buildings, developments and major renovations
shall be designed to meet a fossil fuel, GHG-emitting
(greenhouse gas), energy consumption performance
standard of 50% of the regional (or country) average
for that building type (targets).
•
At a minimum, an equal amount of existing building
area shall be renovated annually to meet a fossil fuel,
GHG-emitting, energy consumption performance
standard of 50% of the regional (or country) average
for that building type.
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The fossil fuel reduction standard for all new buildings
shall be increased to:
– 60% in 2010
70% in 2015
80% in 2020
90% in 2025
Carbon-neutral in 2030 (using no fossil fuel GHG
emitting energy to operate).
•
These targets may be accomplished by implementing
innovative sustainable design strategies, generating
on-site renewable power and/or purchasing (20%
maximum) renewable energy and/or certified
renewable energy credits.
Take Action!
10 years to reduce C02 emissions to
maintain 1oC global warming
Building sector contributes majority
of GHG and uses most energy
Opportunity for HUGE positive
impact by building green