TETRA Positioning

Ranko Pinter TETRA Association

Agenda

• TETRA market overview • What makes TETRA different • Comparison with other technologies incl. Tetrapol/ GSM/ CDMA • Future/ roadmap – TETRA & convergence • Conclusions

Global TETRA Contacts by Sept. 2003

Global TETRA Contracts - by Region WESTERN EUROPE 133 contracts 9 countries AFRICA 11 contracts 6 countries ASIA-PACIFIC 34 contracts 8 countries EASTERN EUROPE 38 contracts 8 countries LATIN AMERICA 23 contracts 6 countries MIDDLE EAST 14 contracts 7 countries NORTHERN EUROPE 21 contracts 5 countries SOUTHERN EUROPE 50 contracts 6 countries

Global TETRA Contracts - by Sector OIL&GAS 7 contracts 2% CONFIDENTIAL 5 contracts (2%) INDUSTRIAL 3 contracts (1%) MILITARY 18 contracts (6%) GOVERNMENT 22 contracts (7%) UTILITIES 29 contracts (9%) PAMR 34 contracts (10%) PUBLIC SAFETY & SECURITY 128 contracts (39%) TRANSPORTATION 79 contracts (24%)

Global TETRA Contracts 2003 Summary • Figures collated in a period from March to September 2003 • Total number of Contracts 325 from 55 countries • 84% growth over last 14 months (176 in 2002) • Transportation fastest growing Sector (139%) • Latin America fastest growing Region (156%)

TETRA - Three Key Markets Public Operator PAMR Private Operator PMR Self-provided PMR

TETRA Versatility Mobile Telephony Mobile Data Mobile Radio

Markets & Applications (Ansoff)

New Related Existing • •

Extending Functionality to existing PMR/PAMR Applications Information Retrieval Monitoring/ Tracking Vehicle Location/ Navigation Fleets Private Users Extending TETRA to white collar workers in Video Streaming Picture Messaging Internet & Intranet “Blue Collar” PMR / PAMR Voice Plus Limited Data existing industry segments

Existing Related Markets New

Comms Technology - Traditional

Increasing Information Importance Increasing User Base

Specialist

Non-Tactical Military PMR Cellular Fixed Telephony Police and Security Customs and Excise Fire and Ambulance Mineral Extraction Transport and Utilities Business and General Commerce Consumer

Comms Technology – New Positioning

Increasing Information Importance Increasing User Base Non-tactical Military (COTS) PMR TETRA Cellular - GSM Fixed Telephony Police and Security Customs and Excise Fire and Ambulance Mineral Extraction Transport and Utilities Business and General Commerce Consumer

TETRA for Emergency Services

• Disasters – both natural and man-made • Major Incidents/ fires • Incidents • RTA

(Road Traffic Accidents)

• Routine policing

TETRA for Utilities

• Storms • Floodings • Earthquakes • Maintenance of power-lines and gas pipes

TETRA for Transportation

• Road closures/ diversions due to scheduled or unscheduled events, e.g. RTA, roadwork, public demonstration, etc.

• Timetable changes • Security alerts • Address queries (taxis) • Track-to-train (railways)

Urgency & Importance of Info

‘Life or Death’ High (non routine) Low-to Medium (routine)

DECT GSM

TETRA

Non-urgent <1 min Urgent <10 sec Immediate <1 sec Time-criticality of call set-up

TETRA spectrum efficiency

200kHz bandwidth GSM Half-rate GSM (future) PMR 25 kHz PMR 12.5 kHz APCO25 (US) Tetrapol TETRA

200 kHz carrier 8 channels 200 kHz carrier 16 channels 25 kHz channel 8 channels / 200 kHz 12.5 kHz channels 16 channels / 200 kHz 25 kHz carrier 4 channels / carrier 32 channels / 200 kHz

Traffic Flows for Cellular

20% of PSTN Calls are PSTN initiated MOBILE NETWORK REGION A PSTN/ ISDN PSTN Calls 85% Inter-Region Calls - 5% MOBILE NETWORK REGION B Intra- Region Calls - 10% 80% of PSTN calls are mobile-initiated

Traffic Flows for PMR

<1% of PSTN Calls are PSTN initiated MOBILE NETWORK REGION A PSTN/ ISDN PSTN Calls- 5% Inter-Region Calls - 5% MOBILE NETWORK REGION B Intra- Region Calls - 90% 60% of Intra-Region Calls are to and from a Despatcher

TETRA Codec - Block Diagram

analogue speech 4.567 kbps Channel Encoding Three levels of bit stream protection FEC 7.2 kbps Importance Factor 4.567 kbps Channel Decoding Bad Frame Flag 7.2 kbps

TETRA-GSM Codec Comparison

2 1 4 3 0

MOS 4

MOS=Mean Opinion Score TETRA GSM

Excellent quality : Imperceptible impairment MOS 3 annoying Good quality : Just perceptible impairment, but not

Codec Performance

Comparison with analogue FM

Low background noise Quality High background noise

FM TETRA

Range

TETRA Codec

Comparison with analogue FM

ETSI demo 2 phrases Analogue 2 phrases TETRA Quality 1 2 3 4 Male Female Male Female Moderate C/N Moderate C/N Poor C/N Poor C/N 1 & 2 3 & 4 FM TETRA Range

Mobile Communications Convergence

Mobile Phones Notebooks Pagers with email PDAs with RF modems

TETRA and Other Standards

Features TETRA GSM DECT APCO25 Traffic Channel (kHz) Wide Area Coverage (WAC) Inherent Ease of Duplex Telephony Services PMR Services Priority & Pre-emption Call set-up Time < 0.5 sec Group & Broadcast Call Queued Call Comprehensive Security Terminal Autonomy (DMO) Robust Low-rate Codec Concurrent Voice & Data 6.25

           

25

  

166.6

 

12.5

       

TETRA and Tetrapol

• Tetrapol based on Matracom - 1986 technolgy developed for French MoI • Proprietary technology developed by Matra whilst developing ETSI Standard with others • Named Tetrapol after ETSI named TETRA • Attempt to have it adopted by ETSI as standard in 1998 comprehensively rejected • Today still a single source proprietary technology of EADS

TETRA and GSM-R

•Taiwan High Speed Rail –Top speed 300 KM/hr.

• In competition with GSM-R TETRA won the Contract

TETRA and GSM-R (2)

Cologne-Frankfurt • 177 km • 47 km tunnels • 56 base stations From GSM-R to TETRA x 2 x 2.5

x 0.5

Taiwan HSR • 347 km • 120 km tunnels • 26 base stations • 3,2 Km coverage average x 4 • 13,3 Km coverage average

Source: http://www.cellular-news.com/story/7331.shtml

Up to 4 times better coverage with TETRA than GSM-R

TETRA and GPRS/ 3G Push-To-Talk

• Proposal for adding Push-to-Talk (PTT) facility to GPRS and 3G • Aimed at the recreational / family use, e.g.

–

Family holidays, camping, shopping, mother-to-child safety • Low Qality of Service

– –

Expected call setup around 5 sec. & message delay 1-3 sec. Limited group size

» No Supplementary Services like Late Entry, DGNA, Ambience Listening, discreet Listening, –

Standard GSM security • Threat?

– –

Delays by the non-informed decision makers Extra opportunities for Consultants!

TETRA and GSM

• Use of GSM network is an attractive alternative to rolling out a new nationwide network for Emergency Services • So far it has been rejected in all countries that have considered it • This has not prevented several others still going through the same process, e.g.

– – – –

Norway (GSM-R; Telenor; Nexia) Sweden (Rakel; Stelacon) Germany (Vodaphone) Denmark (UMTS)

TETRA and GSM

• GSM-BOS is a proposal by Vodafone Germany to upgrade their GSM network to meet the needs of Emergency Services • Success crucially depends on: 1. Ability to push several key items through ETSI standardisation and fast

• ADCI (Advanced Data Call Items) • Connectivity Server Interfaces

2. Availability of professional dual-mode GSM-TETRA DMO terminals • Similar to ill-fated GSM-Pro promoted by Ericsson for several years

TETRA and GSM-BOS

DMO * Connectivit y Server ASCI features (incl. GSM-R and GSM 2+) and ADCI

Public GSM Network

ASCI = Advanced Speech Call Items;

ADCI = Advanced Data Call Items; DMO = TETRA

TETRA and CDMA

• CDMA is a broadand technology designed for hi volume consumer cellular market • Minimum roll-out requires 2 x 1.25MHz for initial CDMA carrier (same frequency used in every cell) provides 25-30 voice channels • Additional 2 x 1.25MHz per additional CDMA carrier • 2 CDMA carriers plus guard bands will require around 2 x 3 MHz Guard Band Guard Band

CDMA Carrier #1 CDMA Carrier #2

Narrowband Channels Narrowband Channels

1.25 MHz 200 kHz 1.25 MHz

Approx 3 MHz

TETRA and CDMA

• According to Lucent:

– –

Lower frequencies are the key to reducing the costs • They are looking for support to have the 400 MHz range recognised by the ITU as an identified 3G band • Some addaptations were made for PAMR market • Appears to be the strategy for getting into European cellular market ”by the backdoor”

–

The world needs more economical 3G solution for rural coverage East Europe

• As a replacement technology for the old analogue NMT –

West Europe

• Changing Dolphin licence for TETRA PAMR

TETRA Market Opportunities - @LIS • @LIS is ALiance for the Information Society • 4-year programme launched by EC • Total budget of 77.5M€ • TETRA is ETSI partner on its stand at Futurecom 2003 • TETRA MoU plans to hold series of workshops & seminars in 2004/5 • The only multivendor technology for PMR in Latin America

TETRA Market Opportunities - @LIS PMR Technologies Marketed in Latin America TETRA APCO iDEN MPT 1327 LTR Tetrapol EDACS

•

TETRA marketing activity started only recently

TETRA In a Nutshell

TETRA is cellular + because, in addition to mobile telephony (voice and data) : • TETRA enables time-critical non-routine, communication to the professionals operating in closed-user-groups, • TETRA offers a wide range of PMR services and higher levels of security & encryption • TETRA is designed to operate in the critical situations that require highly dependable secure, robust and resilient - equipments and systems.

TETRA - 4WD / SUV of Mobile Comms

.. the toolbox for the professionals

Conclusions

• • • •

TETRA is following GSM experience that has shown that standardisation & globalisation are the key ingredients for success of any technology Growing threat to safety and security of public is increasingly demanding the use of professional, robust & resilient communication equipments and systems, like TETRA - designed for the task TETRA standard has propelled the PMR and PAMR onto the centre stage of the Global Mobile Communications.

With addition of Release 2 TETRA will, for the foreseeable future, continue to compliment Cellular.

Thank you!

Thank You

For more information on TETRA please visit www.tetramou.com

www.etsi.org