Transcript Computer Architectures

計算機組織
Computer Organization
Textbook
Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software
Interface,
David A Patterson and John L. Hennessy,
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,
Fourth edition, 2010
References
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
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Computer System Organization & Architecture,
by William Stalling, Prentice Hall, April/19/2009 8th edition
Computer System Architecture & Organization,
by John P. Hayes, McGRAW-HILL International Editions, 1998.
Computer System Organization & Architecture,
by John D. Carpinelli, Addison Wesley, 2001.
修計算機組織有何用途?
1. 增加各類計算機組織設計知識，包括：
Server (Cloud Computing), PC、Notebook、
Tablet (Ex: iPad)、Embedded System、PDA 、
Smart TV (Ex: iTV) 、Smart Phone (Ex: iPhone)
提升就業競爭力
2. 提升VLSI SoC設計視野
3. 研究所考試科目
4. 其他，例如創意思考練習，設計新的計算機
組織，例如：平板電腦
Computer Performance
CPU Speed/Core : Thread/CPU Organization
System Bus Speed/IO Bus Speed
Cache Speed/Cache Size/Cache Organization
Main Memory Speed/Memory Size/Memory
Organization
Disk Speed/Disk Size/Disk Organization
Display Interface Speed
Network Interface Speed
Interface Speed/USB 2.0 or 3.0?
User Interface Speed/Touch Panel/Speech
Recognition
Software performance/Operating System
Design Consideration of
Computer Systems
User, Operation, Application, Compatibility
Cost
Performance
Power Consumption/Heat Dissipation
Weight/Size
Technology
Maintenance
Computer Organization
Course Requirements
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Two tests (10% & 10%),
Midterm & Final (40% & 40%): Contents, Examples,
Exercises
Project: 1. Paper Survey and Report: 5 %, Due date:
2012/06/04

2. Design, Implementation Project and
Report: (5%~30%), Due date:
2012/06/18
Attending: 5%
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Course Path
Introduction to Computer Science, Logic
Design
Computer Organization
Computer Architecture
Advanced Computer Architecture
Performance Analysis of Computer Systems
Course highlights
Computer Abstractions and Technology
Instructions: Language of the Computer
Arithmetic for Computers
The Processor: Datapath and Control
Large and Fast: Exploiting Memory Hierarchy
Storage and Other I/O Topics
Multicores, Multiprocessors, and Clusters
Computer Organization &
Architectures
Computer organization includes issues
such as control signals (how the
computer is controlled), signaling
methods between the units, interfaces
between the computer and peripherals,
and memory types.
Computer organization encompasses all
physical aspects of computer systems.
Computer Organization &
Architectures
Computer architecture includes many
elements such as instruction sets and
formats, operation codes, data types, the
number and types of registers, addressing
modes, main memory access methods, and
various I/O mechanisms.
Computer architecture directly affects the
logical execution of program.
Computer Organization &
Architectures
The distinction between computer
organization and computer architecture is not
clear-cut.
People in the fields of computer science and
computer engineering hold differing opinions
as to exactly which concepts pertain to
computer organization and which pertain to
computer architecture.
In fact, neither computer organization nor
computer architecture can stand alone. They
are interrelated and interdependent.
Computer Engineering
Computer Engineering: The field of knowledge
that includes the design of computer hardware
systems.
Computer engineering is offered as a degree in
several colleges and universities.
The Computer Engineering program combines
the best of electrical engineering and computer
science. Students learn the fundamentals of
circuits, systems, and software associated with
the design of programmable systems as used for
general purpose computing, communications,
control, or signal processing.
Computer Science
Computer Science: A scientific discipline
that focuses on the theoretical aspects of
improving computers and computer
software.
Core Computer Engineering
Courses
CSEE W4119: Computer networks
CSEE W4140: Networking lab
CSEE W4180: Network security
CSEE W4823: Advanced logic design
CSEE W4824: Computer organization and architecture
CSEE W4825: Digital systems design
CSEE W4840: Embedded systems design
CSEE W4861: Computer-aided design of digital systems
CSEE E6180: Modeling and performance evaluation
EECS E6340: Advanced Computer Architecture
COMS E6181: Advanced internet services
COMS W6831: Sequential logic circuits*
COMS W6832: Topics in logic design theory
CSEE W6847: Distributed embedded systems
ELEN E4321: VLSI circuits
ELEN E4332: VLSI design lab*
ELEN E4702: Digital communications
ELEN E4810: Digital signal processing
ELEN E4830: Digital image processing
ELEN E4896: Music signal processing
ELEN E6321: Advanced digital electronic circuits
ELEN E6761: Computer communication networks, I
ELEN E6762: Computer communication networks, II*
ELEN E6850: Visual information systems
ELEN E6860: Advanced digital signal processing
What is computer Organization and
architecture about?
General purpose computer (Server (Cloud Computing),
PC, Notebook, Tablet PC, ...? Digital TV Set
(iTV) ,LCD, SoC, OS, Software, User Interface,…) vs.
Special Purpose computer (PDA, Smart phone, Digital
Camera, Electronic Book and Dictionary, Embedded
Information Appliances,…
Chips or SoC ? (Applications, Cost, Size, Performance,
Power Consumption,…)
Non-ASIC ( Application-Specific IC)
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Sequential and Parallel
ASIC – Parallel dominated
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VLSI array architectures
DSP, Image, Network applications,…
Generic computer organization
A Special Computer System
Block diagram of the photo-card reader
(Special computer organization
Embedded computer systems)
PC
Image Processing Unit
USB2.0
PHY
Register
Zoom-out
module
MPU(8051)
Zoom-in
module
USB2.0
bridge
DataSW
JPEG_dec
module
Strip
module
mem_ctrl
module
OSD
Memory Card
Interface
CF
Card
SM
Card
SD/MMC
Card
Rotate
module
Video Out
module
TV out
SDRAM
(4MW)
A Special Computer System:
Block Diagram of Digital TV Hardware
Audio Amp 5W
TDA8944
Line In
Multimedia Tuner
Head
Phone
Sound Processor
MSP 3450 G
Line Out
SIF
SIF
Audio
Speaker
EEPROM
Philips Tuner Module
System uC, OSD, Teletext
SDA 5550M
SCART
CVBS
CVBS
Y/C
CVBS
Video, de-interlacer, PIP
VSP9407B
RGB, FB
Scalar
DPS9450A
Digital
RGB
Control
LVDS
THC63LV
DVD / STB 480i analog YCrCb
digital YCrCb ITUR 656
DC Power
VGA
ADC
SG9883
OSD
Digital
Layer Architecture of Digital TV Software
Applications
Layer 5
API
Layer 4
Driver Functions
Layer 3
Register Transfer
Layer 2
I2cBus
Layer 1
Hardware (IC)
Office Hours:
Mon. 10:00~12:00
Tue. 10:00~12:00
Wed. 10:00~12:00
Sat. 15:30~17:30
or appointment by e-mail: [email protected]
Office: SF719
The Main Stream of Electronic and
Computer Industries (2010~2015)
Digital Contents (Database, Multimedia Data Base,
Cloud Computing, Virtual PC, Thin Client PC, Tablet
PC, Smart Phone,…)Broadband Networks 
Digital TV Sets (Notebook and TV) Smart TV
(iTV) 3D Digital TV  ???
Information Applications: TV Applications, Games,
Telephone, Internet, Web-Services, E-mail, Banking, ECommerces, Facebook…
Notebook and Digital TV sets (iTV) include Software,
OS, CPU, DSP Processor, Memory, I/O, LCD, SoC
(VLSI), Touch Panel, 3D User Interfaces,…
Others,…
Project Topics
Notebooks
Web Servers, Cloud Computing, Streaming Media
Servers,…
PDA & Celluar Phone, Mobile Computing,…
LCD TV, Digital TV, Smart TV, iTV…
Digital Still Camera, MP 3 Player…
Information Home Appliances Embedded Microcomputers,…
RISC CPU Design Variable-Clock-Rate Microcomputer
Design , or DSP instruction set design
Design and Implementation of an Embedded Remote
Electrocardiogram System Multiplexed or Noise Reduction
(CPU, DSP Processors, I/O, …)
Design and Implementation of a Remote Electronic Experiment
System Integration Design of H/W and S/W
Others
Project
Four-week meeting
The first report (2012/03/13)
The second report (2012/04/03)
The third report (2012/05/15)
The fourth report (2012/06/18)
研究資料收集和閱讀
IEEE論文資料庫:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/dynho
me.jsp
http://etds.ncl.edu.tw/
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
www.amazon.com
研究資料收集和閱讀
www.lib.ntu.edu.tw
www.lib.nthu.edu.tw
www.lib.nctu.edu.tw
www.lib.fju.edu.tw
www.ibm.com
www.intel.com
www.microsoft.com
計算機組織PowerPoint和研究資
料收集
電機系計算機系統實驗室網頁
http://cs.ee.fju.edu.tw/
電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和
專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽
全國微電腦應用系統設計製作競賽
96學年度
題目：嵌入式任意波形產生器之觸控操作
介面設計與建構
獲得研究所組第二名(第一名從缺)
隊員姓名：林新恩、鄧涵、趙偉淳
97學年度
參賽：努力獎
電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專
題生參加計算機系統設計競賽
全國微電腦應用系統設計製作競賽
98學年度
題目：嵌入式人體呼吸偵測系統設計與建構。
獲得研究所組佳作，獲頒教育部獎狀。 2009/10/17
隊員姓名：李文太、李宗翰、謝子立
電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和
專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽
全國嵌入式軟體設計競賽
95學年度
題目：具備視訊串流及監控功能的嵌入式系統
進入決賽(60隊/200隊)
隊長: 徐瑞伯
隊員: 鄧涵
林新恩
電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和
專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽
全國嵌入式軟體設計競賽
96學年度
題目：嵌入式電子量測系統之觸控操作介面
設計與建構。本隊獲得佳作和產學應用獎，
獲頒教育部獎狀。2008/07/09 (20隊/200隊)
隊長:
隊員:
林新恩
鄧涵
古義德
趙偉淳
電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和
專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽
參加「第八屆旺宏金矽獎」，題目：嵌
入式熱感串流影像擷取系統之性能提升。
本隊獲得應用組「優勝獎」，獲頒獎金
和獎狀。2008/07/29
隊長:
隊員:
鄧涵
林新恩
古義德
沈理斯
為什麼需要選修專題實驗?
選修專題實驗增進電子資訊實驗能力
提升就業競爭力
選修專題實驗增進研究所階段研究能力
基礎豐富研究所階段研究成果提升就
業競爭力
選修專題實驗是有趣的事，可以實現自己
想做研究實驗
選修專題實驗增加團隊合作研發練習機會
計算計系統實驗室-專題實驗
如果你還沒有選修專題實驗，歡迎再加選
計算計系統實驗室-專題實驗
加選步驟:
1. 討論題目 (地點：SF 719)
Mon. 10:00~12:00
Tue. 16:30~18:00
Wed. 10:00~12:00
2. 考慮決定後填選和簽定專題實驗單
學校加選程序
2011 年全球行動電腦(平板電腦、筆記型電腦、
小筆電)出貨量為 2 億 7690 萬台，年成長率
達到 27%
根據預估， 2011 年全球行動電腦出
貨量為 2 億 7690 萬台，年成長率達
到 27% 。其中，筆記型電腦出貨量
將可達 1 億 8800 萬台，年成長率為
13% ，而平板電腦出貨量將可達
6400 萬台，年成長率達 213% 。至
於，迷你筆記型電腦或稱為小筆電，
年成長率呈現衰退 20.9% ，出貨量
剩下 2480 萬台。
預估至 2017 年行動電腦(平板電腦
Tablet、筆記型電腦 Notebook、小筆
電 Netbook)將可接近 8 億台
全球平板電腦出貨量於 2010 年時只有 2
千多萬台，可是到了 2017 年將預估可達
到 3 億 6 700 萬台，佔所有行動電腦出貨
量的 46% 。
預估至 2017 年行動電腦(平板電腦、筆記
型電腦、小筆電)將可接近 8 億台的水準
，也就是說，每一年行動電腦都是以兩
位數字的成長率進行往前衝。
共勉的話
努力的學習態度決定專業的成就高度
練習創意思考、提升專業設計能力、語文能
力、管理溝通能力、
請修課同學務必多次閱讀課本和做課本習題
(請每週使用6~9小時閱讀 計算機組織)