Risk Assessment

 Introduction • Objectives – Appreciate the Legal Requirements for Risk Assessment – Describe the Benefits of Risk Assessment – Define Hazards – Evaluate Risk – Identify Risk Controls

Risk Assessment

 Introduction • What is Risk Assessment?

– A practical, systematic approach to identifying hazards & evaluating the extent of risk taking into account existing precautions

Risk Assessment

 Introduction • Legislation – Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 – Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 – Health & Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999

Risk Assessment

 Introduction • Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 ( Regulation 3) – Every employer shall make a suitable and sufficient assessment of: – the risks to the health & safety of his employees to which they are exposed whilst they are at work; and – the risks to the health & safety of persons not in his employment arising out of, or in connection with, the conduct by him of his undertaking

Risk Assessment

 Definitions • Hazard – Something that has the potential to cause harm to persons, property, plant or equipment

Risk Assessment

 Definitions • Risk – The likelihood that the harm will arise coupled with the consequences

Risk Assessment

 Definitions • Risk Evaluation – Cost Benefit Analysis of Risk Control Risk Time Cost Effort

Risk Assessment

 Planning For Risk Assessment • Classification of Work Activities – Geographical Areas Inside & Outside – Stages in Production Process – Planned & Reactive Work – Defined Tasks (e.g. fork lift driving)

Risk Assessment

 Planning For Risk Assessment • Gathering Information – Type of Tasks & Duration/Frequency – Locations Where Work is Carried Out – Who Carries Out the Task – Others Who May Be Affected (contractors, visitors etc.) – Training Records – Safe Systems of Work – Managers & Employees – Technical Experts

Risk Assessment

 Planning For Risk Assessment • Gathering Information – Services Used (e.g. compressed air, electric, hydraulics) – Types of Plant & Machinery Being Used – Manufacturers/Suppliers Information on Use & Operation – Statutory Inspection Requirements (e.g. lifting equipment) – Inspection, Test & Maintenance Schedules – Size, Shape, Surface Character & Weight of Materials That Might be Handled – Distances & Heights That Materials Have to be Manually Transported

Risk Assessment

 Planning For Risk Assessment • Gathering Information – Substances Being Used or Encountered – Physical Form of Substances (e.g. fume, dust, liquid etc.) – Contents of Substance Data Sheets – Applicable Legislative Requirements (ACOP’s etc.) – Industry Best Practice & British Standards – Current Control Measures (e.g. guarding, extraction) – Accident/Incident/Ill Health Data

Risk Assessment

 Identifying Hazards • • • Is There a Source of Harm?

Who or What Could be Harmed?

How Could Harm Occur?

Risk Assessment

 Hazard Classification • • • • Slip/Trip/Fall Fall From Height Hand/Power Tools Handling

Risk Assessment

 Hazard Classification • • • • Machinery Fixed/Flying/Falling Objects Transport Electricity

Risk Assessment

 Hazard Classification • • • • Chemicals Noise/Vibration Fire/Explosion Hot Surfaces

Risk Assessment

 Hazard Classification • • • • Confined Spaces/Lone Working Lighting Thermal Environment Repetitive Working

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • • • Exposure Likelihood Consequence

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Exposure – Highly Infrequent (< once per annum) – Quite Infrequent (annually/biannually) – Frequent (quarterly/monthly) – Quite Frequent (weekly/daily) – Highly Frequent (continuous daily)

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Likelihood – Highly Unlikely (practically impossible) – Quite Unlikely (conceivable but very unlikely) – Likely (conceivable and could possibly happen) – Quite Likely (almost certain to happen) – Highly Likely (certain to happen)

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Consequence – Minor Injury/Ill Health ( minor cuts, abrasions etc.) – Injury/Ill Health (burns, sprains, minor fractures etc.) – Serious Injury/Ill Health (breaks, WRULD’s, deafness etc.) – Major Injury/Ill Health (amputations, cancer, multiple breaks etc.) – Fatality (one or more fatalities)

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Factors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence – Individual – knowledge/skills – training – experience – attitude – risk perception – mental/physical condition & capability

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Factors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence – Task – workload/work patterns – equipment/tools – process – guarding/controls – environment – maintenance regime

Risk Assessment

 Determining Risk • Factors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence – Task – PPE – emergency arrangements – training/information/instruction – procedures – supervision – communications

Risk Assessment

 Risk Control • Hierarchy of Controls – Prevention – Engineering – Policy/Procedural

Risk Assessment

 Risk Control • Hierarchy of Control Measures – Prevention Controls – eliminate use of substance, material, plant or equipment – replace with less hazardous substance, material, plant or equipment – exclude non essential personnel

Risk Assessment

 Risk Control • Hierarchy of Control Measures – Engineering Controls – enclose process – automate all or part of the process – use local exhaust ventilation – fit guarding – implement inspection & test regime – implement preventative maintenance

Risk Assessment

 Risk Control • Hierarchy of Control Measures – Policy/Procedural Controls – reduce exposure (e.g. job rotation) – written safe system of work – regular workplace inspections – emergency arrangements – pre-employment medicals – health surveillance programme – use of PPE (last resort)

Risk Assessment

 Risk Assessment Forms Hazard Form Risk Form Risk Level Indicator Risk Level Control Corrective Form Manual Handling COSHH DSE

Risk Assessment

 Risk Review • • • • Will the Controls Lead to an Acceptable Level of Risk?

Will Any New Hazards be Created?

Has the Most Cost Effective Solution Been Chosen?

Will the Controls be Used?

Risk Assessment

 Benefits of Risk Assessment • Reduction in Injuries & Ill Health • • • • Reduction in Lost Time Reduction in Claims Reduction in Insurance Premiums Improved Employee Morale

Risk Assessment

 Benefits of Risk Assessment • More Efficient Processes • • • • Increased Productivity Customer Satisfaction Prestige Legal Compliance