Transcript Plumbing Unit

Plumbing Unit
What is a plumbing system?
Plumbing includes
all the piping and
fixtures that
provide water for
drinking, cooking,
bathing, and
laundry; as well as
a means of
disposing of
wastewater.
Putting in a plumbing system takes
a lot of thought………………….
When a house is being built,
plumbers and carpenters must
work together so the frame of the
house is prepared for plumbing to
be put in.
Plumbing can be dangerous, so
there are codes that must be
followed in order to keep
everyone safe.
A code is a set of rules that can be
enforced by law!!!
Codes
Why is it important to follow codes?
 If it is not up to code it will not pass
inspection and will have to be torn
out and redone becoming very costly.
 If it is poorly designed then it will not
work well and owner will be
unsatisfied.
 Could cause wastewater to mix with
potable water if not installed properly.
There are 2 Types of
Plumbing Systems
1) Water Supply System
2) Drainage, Waste, and Venting
(DWV)
Water Supply System
 Distributes
water under pressure
throughout the structure for
drinking, bathing, cooking, and
laundry.
 This is a 2 pipe system.
 One pipe carries cold water, and
the other hot water.
DWV
 Carries
away wastewater and
solid waste from bathrooms,
kitchens, and laundries.
 This subsystem is not under
pressure, and must be properly
vented to prevent wastewater
form entering the drinking water
supply.
Pipe Sizing
 Pipe
is usually identified by the
Nominal size (I.D. and O.D.)
 Common
sizes include ¼”, ½”,
¾”, 1”, 1and1/2”, 2”
Different Types of Pipes and
Tubing
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)
 Polybutylene (PB)
 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
 Black Steel or Galvanized
 Copper Tubing

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride
(CPVC)
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Plastic Supply
Piping
Buff colored
thermoplastic
Light, easy to
handle, resists
cracks
Good for freezing
conditions


Suitable for piping
hot water
Rating of 180
degrees
Fahrenheit and
100 psi
Polybutylene (PB)
 Plastic
Supply Piping
 Flexible, allowing for
easy installation
 Connections made
with compression
fittings
 Also called “Pex”
Acrylonitrile Butadiene
Styrene (ABS)
 Plastic
 Resists
Piping
chemical attack
 Inexpensive
 Joined
with a
one-step
solvent
 Used
commonly for
sewage and
underground
applications
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
 Plastic
Piping
 Has lower
thermal
expansion that
makes long
runs easier to
control
 Joined
with a
two-step
primer/solvent
and suitable
fittings
 Usually used
for cold water
applications
Black Steel and Galvanized
Very strong
 Not used much
anymore
 Wall thicknesses
include standard,
extra heavy, and
double extra
heavy

Copper Tubing
Available in soft,
annealed, or
rigid form
 Resists corrosion
very well
 Very expensive
 Creates a bad
taste if water is
acidic

May leave stains
on valves,
faucets,
fixtures, and
appliances
 Wall thicknesses
include K
(thickest), L, M

What are the differences
between valves, fixtures,
faucets, and fittings?
Valves
Devices that control
the flow of water in
the water supply
system.
They are installed at
certain places on
the lines so that
water can be shut
off easily.
Faucets
Valves that permit
controlled amounts
of water as needed
for use in a building.
They deliver water
to sinks, showers,
and bathtubs, but
can also deliver
water to a hose or
bucket.
Fixtures
Water-using devices
such as sinks, bathtubs,
urinals, stools, showers,
and water heaters.
They are attached to
the plumbing system
and receive water from
the supply system.
Fittings
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Used to connect
pipes of similar or
different types
Adaptors =
connect different
types of pipes
Reducers =
connect different
sizes of pipes

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Elbow = used for
single direction
change
Tee = used for
splitting a line into
2 directions
Fittings
 Coupling
= connects 2 similar
types of pipes
 Union = connects 2 similar types
of pipes and can be opened later
 Plug = used to close a fitting
 Cap = used to close a pipe end
 Nipple = a short piece of pipe