Transcript FiBL
Organic Agriculture Worldwide www.fibl.org Graphs from the 2009 edition of ‚The World of Organic Agriculture‘ Helga Willer, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland March 10, 2009 www.fibl.org, www.organic-world.net Frick, 01.01.2007 www.fibl.org How to quote Please always quote the sources as given in the individual slides. The 2009 edition of 'The World of Organic Agriculture' should be cited as: Willer, Helga and Lukas Kilcher (Eds.) (2009) The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2009. FiBL-IFOAM Report. IFOAM, Bonn; FiBL, Frick; ITC, Geneva If a name is given under a graph please quote both the original source as given under the graph and the full article in which it was published in ‚The World of Organic Agriculture 2009‘. For the table of contents see www.organic-world.net/contents2009.html Details on the sources and data providers for the 2009 FiBL/IFOAM survey are available at www.organicworld.net/fileadmin/documents/data-sheets-public/world-oforganic-data-sources.pdf Further information is available at www.organic-world.net www.fibl.org The global organic survey The global survey on organic farming is carried out by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM. Numerous experts from more than 140 countries are contributing data Since 2008 the data collection activities have been supported under a project of the International Trade Centre ITC and the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO. NürnbergMesse, the organisers of BioFach Fair, have supported the survey and the yearbook since 2000. Since 2000 the latest figures have been presented annually at the BioFach Fair in Nuremberg, of which IFOAM is the patron. www.fibl.org Yearbook ‚The World of Organic Agriculture‘ The yearbook 'The World Organic Agriculture' is a joint project of the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL) and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). The yearbook, apart from the statistics collected in the frame of the global organic survey, documents recent developments and trends in global organic farming. Numerous experts on organic farming contribute to this global yearbook NürnbergMesse, the organisers of BioFach Fair, has financially supported this yearbook and the data collection since 2000. Since 2008, the data compilation published in the book, has been financially supported by the International Trade Centre ITC and the Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs SECO. www.fibl.org Organic agriculture worldwide 2007 Source: FiBL and IFOAM 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in the countries of Africa 2007 Source: IFOAM and FiBL 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in the countries of Asia 2007 Source: FiBL 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in the countries of Europe 2007 Source: FiBL and ZMP 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in the countries of Latin America 2007 Source: FiBL 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in North America 2007 Source: FiBL 2009 www.fibl.org Land under organic management (ha) in the countries of Oceania 2007 Source: FiBL 2009 Organically managed land by geographical region 2007 6.8% 2.7% 37.6% 8.9% Oceania Europe Latin America Asia 19.9% North America www.fibl.org Africa 24.1% Source: FiBL and IFOAM 2009 The ten countries with most organically managed land 2007 12.02 Australia 2.78 www.fibl.org Argentina Brazil 1.77 USA (2005) 1.64 China 1.55 Italy 1.15 India 1.03 Spain 0.99 Uruguay (2006) 0.93 Germany 0.87 0 2 4 6 8 10 Million hectares Argentina, US and Uruguay: Only fully converted areas Source: FiBL and IFOAM 2009 12 14 www.fibl.org Conversion status of organically managed land 2007 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Africa Asia Europe Fully converted Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 Latin America North America In conversion Oceania Status unknown World The ten countries with the highest shares of organic land 2007 Liechtenstein 29.7% Austria 13.4% Switzerland 11.0% www.fibl.org Latvia 9.8% Italy 9.1% Czech Rep. 8.9% Estonia 8.8% Sweden 8.0% Samoa 7.8% Timor Leste 7.0% 0% 5% 10% Source: FiBL/IFOAM 2009 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 2005 26.8 2004 32.2 30.7 2002 17.4 2001 30.8 30.4 www.fibl.org 5 19.9 19.6 10 11.0 15 21.0 20 29.2 25 25.7 22.2 30 29.9 26.5 35 14.8 Million hectares Development of organically managed agricultural land and organic wild collection areas 1999-2007 (Revision date: 2009/02/23) 2006 2007 0 1999 2000 Agricultural land 2003 Wild collection areas, including bee keeping Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 2000-2009 10 11.0 15 17.4 20 32.2 2005 30.8 2004 19.9 25.7 25 29.2 30 29.9 35 14.8 Million hectares Development of organically managed agricultural land 1999-2007 (Revision date: 2009/02/23) www.fibl.org 5 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 2000-2009 2006 2007 Organic producers by geographical regions 2007 Africa 1.0% 0.6% 17.5% Asia 43.5% Latin America Europe 18.3% North America www.fibl.org Oceania 19.2% Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 The ten countries with the largest numbers of organic producers Uganda 206'803 India 195'741 Ethiopia 165'560 Mexico 128'819 Tanzania 90'222 Italy 43'159 Peru 36'093 www.fibl.org Greece 23'769 Zambia 20'000 Austria 19'997 0 50'000 100'000 Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 150'000 200'000 250'000 Land use in organic agriculture by geographical region 2007 100% 90% 80% Agricultural land, no details 70% Other 60% Permanent grassland 50% 40% Cropland, no details 30% Permanent crops 20% 10% Arable land 0% www.fibl.org Africa Asia Europe Latin North Oceania World America America Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 Organic wild collection areas by geographical region 2007, total 30.7 million ha 8.6% 1.1% Europe 32.6% Africa Latin America 26.4% Asia www.fibl.org North America 31.3% Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 The ten countries with the largest organic wild collection areas and bee pastures 2007 www.fibl.org Finland Brazil Zambia Namibia India Serbia Bolivia China Argentina Morocco 7.40 6.18 5.37 2.80 1.77 1.28 1.03 0.76 0.60 0.55 0 1 2 3 4 5 Million hectares Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 6 7 8 The ten developing countries with most organically managed land 2007 Argentina 2.78 Brazil 1.77 China 1.55 India 1.03 Uruguay 0.93 Mexico 0.39 Uganda 0.30 www.fibl.org Ukraine 0.25 Tunisia 0.15 Ethiopia 0.14 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Million hectares Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 2.0 2.5 3.0 The ten developing countries with the highest shares of organic land 2007 Samoa 7.8% Timor Leste 7.0% Uruguay 6.2% Vanuatu 6.1% Sao Tome and Prince 5.0% Montenegro 4.8% Solomon Islands 4.3% Mexico 2.9% www.fibl.org Uganda 2.3% Argentina 2.2% 0% 2% Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 4% 6% 8% 10% Land use of organically managed land in developing countries 6.8% Permanent grassland 8.1% Agricultural land, no details 40.2% 11.7% Permanent crops Cropland, no details www.fibl.org Arable land 33.2% Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2009 Organic data collection systems by geographical region 2007 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% www.fibl.org Africa Asia Europe No collection system Government collection system Source: FiBL & /IFOAM 2009 Latin America North America Oceania Private collection systems Distribution of global revenues by region 2007 and The global market for organic food and drink: Market growth 1999-2007 50 45 www.fibl.org 43% 54% Revenues in billion US Dollars 3% 40 35 30 25 46.1 20 33.2 15 10 Europe 5 North America 0 Others Source: Organic Monitor 2009, Sahota 2009 15.2 20.9 25.5 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 The countries with most certification bodies 2008 www.fibl.org Japan US Germany South Korea China Spain Canada Brazil Italy India UK Austria 60 57 32 32 29 27 21 20 16 13 10 9 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Number of certification bodies Source: Organic Standard/Grolink, Rundgren 2009 28 Number of certication bodies/shares of the regions 2008 48 Europe 11 10 Asia 177 78 North America www.fibl.org Latin America & Caribbean Oceania 157 Source: Organic Standard/Grolink, Rundgren 2009 Africa Start year of organic certification among 481 certifcation bodies 40% 34% 35% 29% 30% 25% 22% 20% 15% 12% 10% www.fibl.org 5% 3% 0% Before 1985 1985-1990 1991-1996 1997-2002 Start year of organic certification Source: Organic Standard/Grolink, Rundgren 2009 2003-2008 Temperate fruit: Use of temperate organic fruit, berry and grape area 2007 Grapes Temperate fruit/nuts/berries, no details Pome fruit 121.8 45.3 37.9 Stone fruit 33.8 Temperate fruit, no details 33.6 www.fibl.org Temperate berries 11.4 Strawberries 2.8 Temperate fruit, other 2.7 0 25 50 75 1'000 hectares Source: FiBL and Washington State University 2009; Granatstein et al. 2009 100 125 Temperate fruits/berries/grapes: Share by country 2007 24% Italy Turkey 39% France USA www.fibl.org 13% Spain Others 9% 7% 8% Source: FiBL and Washington State University 2009 Granatstein et al. 2009 Development of organic farming Uganda 2001 to 2007 250'000 300'000 200'000 150'000 50'000 296'203 246'767 100'000 125'000 150'000 182'000 200'000 100'000 50'000 0 0 2001 2002 2004 2006 Land area Producers Source: Nogamu 2008, see Bouagnimbeck 2009 2007 Producers 250'000 122'000 www.fibl.org Organic land area (ha) 350'000 Development of Organic Farming in India 2002-2007/08 250'000 150'000 100'000 50'000 /0 8 0 7 20 06 /0 6 20 05 /0 5 20 04 /0 4 /0 20 03 20 02 /0 3 0 www.fibl.org 1'030'311 432'259 200'000 200'000 20 07 73'500 400'000 114'037 600'000 37'050 Land area (hectares) 800'000 185'937 Hectares Producers 1'000'000 Producers 1'200'000 Source: SOEL/FIBL and APEDA (2004/05-2007/08), see Kumar Menon 2009 34 Development of the organic and certified in-conversion land in Europe 1985-2007 8 7.5 5.9 6 6.2 6.4 5.2 5 4.3 3.7 4 3 3 2.3 2 1 7.8 6.9 7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 1 1.4 1.8 Source: FiBL, Aberystwyth University, ZMP, see Willer 2009 20 07 20 05 20 03 20 01 19 99 19 97 19 95 19 93 19 91 19 89 19 87 0 19 85 www.fibl.org Land area in million hectares 9 www.fibl.org Land use in organic agriculture in the countries of Europe 2007 A lbania A ustria B elgium B o snia Herzego vina B ulgaria Cro atia Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Esto nia Faro er Islands Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxemburg M acedo nia, FYR M alta M o ldo va M o ntenegro Netherlands No rway P o land P o rtugal Ro mania Russian Federatio n, Serbia Slo vak Republic Slo venia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey UK Ukraine 0% A rable land Cro pland, no details 20% 40% 60% P ermanent cro ps A gricultural land, no details 80% 100% P ermanent grassland Source: FiBL, ZMP 2009, Willer 2009, Schaack 2009 36 Turnover with organic food in Europe: Distribution by country 2007; sales in million Euros 3'771 5'300 789 www.fibl.org 1'870 1'900 2'557 Source: Aberystwyth University, FiBL, ZMP See Padel/Schaack/Willer 2009 Germany UK France Italy Switzerland Rest The European Market: The countries with the highest sales 2007 Germany 5.30 UK France 2.56 1.90 Italy 1.87 Switzerland 0.79 Austria 0.74 www.fibl.org Spain Denmark 0.60 0.58 Netherlands 0.50 Sweden 0.49 0 1 2 3 4 Sales in billion Euros Source: Aberystwyth University, FiBL, ZMP See Padel/Schaack/Willer 2009 5 6 The European Market: The countries with the highest shares of organic products 2007 Denmark 6.0 Austria Switzerland 5.3 4.6 Sweden 4.3 Luxemburg 3.3 Germany 3.1 Netherlands Belgium 2.0 1.9 France 1.2 www.fibl.org Norway 1.0 0 1 2 3 4 Market share in % Source: Aberystwyth University, FiBL, ZMP See Padel/Schaack/Willer 2009 5 6 7 The European Market: The countries with the highest per capita consumption 2007 Denmark 106 Switzerland Austria 105 89 Luxemburg 86 Liechtenstein 86 Germany 64 Sweden UK 53 42 Italy 32 www.fibl.org Netherlands 30 0 20 40 60 80 100 Annual per capita consumption in Euros Source: Aberystwyth University, FiBL, ZMP See Padel/Schaack/Willer 2009 120 www.fibl.org Marketing channels of organic products in Europe Malta Poland Spain Italy Greece France Slovakian The Netherlands Portugal Germany Hungary Luxembourg Belgium Czech Republic Austria Cyprus Croatia Great Britain Sw itzerland Slovenia Romania Bulgaria Denmark Finland Norw ay Sw eden 0% 16 4 80 20 73 7 20 75 5 25 55 20 35 57.5 7.5 39 37 24 40 40 20 43.4 42.8 13.8 45 52 3 49 28 23 50 34 16 60 38 2 60.6 30.6 8.8 63 8 29 65 18 17 75 25 75 20 5 75.3 12.9 11.8 75.7 15.1 9.2 77.5 17.5 5 80 5 15 80 10 10 80 5 15 84 7 9 85 15 90 10 20% General retail trade 40% 60% 80% Specialised retailers 100% Other Source: Specialised Organic Retail Report Europe 2008, Ekonzept/ORA, Schaer 2009 41 Latin America: Growth of the organically managed land area 200-2007, the leading countries 2007 6 Uruguay 4 6.0 1.77 0.93 5.0 5.1 0.39 Dominican Rep. 0.12 Peru 0.12 Nicaragua 0.07 Ecuador 0.05 Bolivia 0.04 Colombia 0.04 3 2 1 0 0 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 www.fibl.org 2.78 Mexico 5.2 4.8 5 6.4 Brazil 5.8 7 3.9 Million hectares Argentina Source: FiBL 2009, Garibay & Ugas 2009 1 2 Million hectares 3 Latin America: Organic banana area 2007 (includes in-conversion) Ecuador 20'033 Dominican Rep. 14'953 Peru 5'092 Costa Rica 3'409 Mexico 238 Guatemala 72 Panama 22 www.fibl.org Jamaica 7 0 5'000 10'000 15'000 Hectares Source: FiBL 2009, Garibay & Ugas 2009 20'000 25'000 Latin America: Organic sugarcane area 2007 (includes in-conversion land) Paraguay 16'930 Argentina 6'346 Cuba 5'196 Colombia 2'534 Mexico 866 Ecuador 459 Costa Rica 286 www.fibl.org Peru 68 0 5'000 10'000 Hectares Source: FiBL 2009, Garibay & Ugas 2009 15'000 20'000 Latin America: Organic cocoa area 2007 (includes in-conversion land; includes cocoa areas associated with other crops ) Dominican Rep. 79'401 Ecuador 22'308 Mexico 16'366 Peru 14'407 Panama 4'850 Nicaragua 1'546 www.fibl.org Costa Rica 390 Jamaica 30 Colombia 26 0 10'000 20'000 30'000 40'000 50'000 60'000 70'000 80'000 90'000 Hectares Source: FiBL 2009; Garibay & Ugas 2009 Latin America: Organic coffee area (including in-conversion land) 2007 www.fibl.org Mexico Peru Colombia Dominican Rep. Nicaragua Guatemala Ecuador Cuba El Salvador Costa Rica Panama Jamaica 239'763 72'174 16'036 11'661 10'875 7'246 4'323 3'807 3'743 1'713 40 2 0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000 250'000 300'000 Hectares Source: FiBL 2009, Garibay & Ugas 2009 Colombia : Development of organic agriculture 2002-2008 34'609 45'125 www.fibl.org 20'000 28'009 30'000 25'000 Hectares 40'000 44'297 45'647 50'000 50'760 60'000 2007 2008 10'000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Programa Nacional de Agricultura Limpia, Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Colombia, 2008 47 Colombia: Use of fully converted organic and certified in-conversion cropland 2007 610 ha; 2% 2'534 ha; 10% Coffee Other permanent crops Tropical and subtropical fruit Sugarcane 3'704 ha; 14% 3'729 ha; 14% www.fibl.org Other cropland 16'036 ha; 60% Programa Nacional de Agricultura Limpia, Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Colombia, 2008, see Escobar 2009 50'000 Transition 0 24'000 www.fibl.org 10'000 16'400 20'000 11'000 30'000 29'752 40'000 62'262 60'000 Fully converted 52'161 70'000 40'211 Ecuador: Development of the organically managed area* 2001-2007 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 * Including aquaculture and wild collection areas Source: GTZ Ecuador, see Rovayo/Lehmann 2009 49 Ecuador: Area under organic production by main products 2007 25'000 Hectares 20'000 15'000 10'000 www.fibl.org 5'000 0 2004 2005 Cocoa Shrimp 2006 2007 Banana Coffee Data provided by accredited organic certifiers in Ecuador., comiled by GTZ Ecuardor; Elaboration: Rovayo/Lehmann 2009 50 Crops grown in organic agriculture in Mexico 2007 12% Coffee 5% Vegetables 6% Tropical and subtropical fruit www.fibl.org 10% Cocoa 67% Source: CIIDRI – CIESTAAM, see Gomez Cruz et al. 2009 Other US: Organic food sales 1997-2006 2.5% 2.8% 3% 2.2% 3'594 4'286 www.fibl.org 1997 1998 11'902 8'625 5'000 6'100 0.8% 0.9% 7'360 1.1% 1.2% 10'000 10'381 1.4% 13'831 1.6% 16'718 1.9% 5'039 Turnover 15'000 2% 1% 0 0% 1999 2000 2001 Turnover in million US Dollars 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Share of total market (%) Source: Organic Trade Association OTA: Manufacturer Survey 2007, Greenfield. MA, www.ota.com; see Haumann 2009 Share of total market 20'000 USA: Development of the number of organic farms 1992-2005 www.fibl.org 3'000 2'000 3'536 8'493 8'021 8'035 5'021 4'000 4'060 5'000 4'856 6'000 7'323 6'592 7'000 6'949 8'000 3'587 Number of organic farms 9'000 1'000 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Source: USDA 2009, www.ers.usda.gov/Data/Organic, see Haumann 2009/ USA: Development of the organic land area (converted area only) 1992-1995 1.64 1.8 0.54 0.37 0.40 0.3 0.39 0.78 0.85 0.6 0.72 0.9 0.89 1.23 1.2 0.38 Organic land area (million ha) www.fibl.org 1.5 0.0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Source: USDA 2009, www.ers.usda.gov/Data/Organic/, see Haumann 2009 Canada: Percentage of purchases that are organic 2008 11% 80 - 100% 2% 26% 11% 50 - 80% 30 - 50% <30% <20% www.fibl.org 20% Little to none 30% Source: Organic Trade Association and Canadian Organic Growers 2009; see Holmes/Macey 2009 Canada: Reasons for buying organic 2.6% 1.7% Family health 6.0% 34.9% Personal health Environment GMOs 32.8% Taste www.fibl.org Just trying it out 22.1% Source: Organic Trade Association and Canadian Organic Growers 2009; see Holmes/Macey 2009 100'000 Land (ha) 20 06 20 04 20 02 20 00 19 98 19 96 19 94 19 92 www.fibl.org 0 Farms Soure: Canadian Organic Growers 2009, see Holmes & Macey 2009 4'000 3'500 3'000 2'500 2'000 1'500 1'000 500 0 Farms 3'782 556'273 3'566 546'184 3'618 530'919 3'670 485'288 3'317 3'236 3'120 2'321 1'932 1'830 1'724 391'135 200'000 1'355 300'000 1'239 400'000 1'510 500'000 1'174 Land area (ha) 600'000 2'981 Canada: Development of the land under organic management (excluding in-conversion land) and the number of organic farms www.fibl.org 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% Share of total agr. area (%) 12'023'135 12'345'314 11'766'768 12'128'386 11'249'212 3.0% 6'201'195 14'000'000 12'000'000 10'000'000 8'000'000 6'000'000 4'000'000 2'000'000 0 5'293'732 Land area (ha) Development of organic agriculture in Australia 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Organic/In-conversion land area (ha) Share of total agricultural land (%) Source: AQIS and Ecolanduse Systems 2009 58 New Zealand: Exports by market 2007; total: 120.4 million NZD 4% 5% 1% Europe North America 5% Japan 12 % 46 % Korea Other Asia Australia www.fibl.org Other 27 % Source: Grice, J., Cooper, M., Campbell, H. and Manhire, J. The State of the Organic Sector in New Zealand, 2007- Summary Report. Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment: University of Otago. (2007). Available at www.csafe.org.nz/Organics%20Summary%20Report.pdf New Zealand: Exports by product category in million NZD 2007; total: 120.4 million NZD 4.0 3.9 2.2 Fresh Fruit & Vegetables 6.1 Meat and Wool 7.0 Dairy products 8.9 Processed food Honey 88.4 Wine and beverages www.fibl.org Other Source: Grice, J., Cooper, M., Campbell, H. and Manhire, J. The State of the Organic Sector in New Zealand, 2007- Summary Report. Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment: University of Otago. (2007). Available at www.csafe.org.nz/Organics%20Summary%20Report.pdf Organic land area in the Pacific region 2006 0% 2% 4% 6% Vanuatu 8'996 Samoa 7'243 Solomon Islands 3'628 Papua New Guinea www.fibl.org 2'497 Niue 159 Fiji 100 Hectares 8% 0 2'000 4'000 6'000 8'000 10'000 Organic area (ha) Share of agricultural land (% ) Source: Survey among the organic certifiers by Karen Mapusua, Women in Business, Samoa, see Mapusua 2009 61 Contact FiBL/IFOAM Survey www.fibl.org Helga Willer, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL Ackerstrasse, 5070 Frick,Switzerland [email protected], www.fibl.org Hervé Bouagnimbeck International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM, Africa Office Charles-de-Gaulle-Str. 5, 53113 Bonn, Germany [email protected], www.ifoam.org Contact Yearbook and website www.fibl.org Helga Wille Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL Ackerstrasse 5070 Frick,Switzerland [email protected] www.fibl.org