Transcript WESCANA Regional Water Programme

Conjunctive ground/surface
water/watershed management to secure
livelihoods in Marj Sanour, Jenin
Governorate
November2007-December 2010
REWARD Programme
Palestine
INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE
Project Setting
The “Conjunctive Ground/ Surface Water/ Watershed
Management to Secure Livelihoods in Marj Sanour, Jenin
Governorate” Project, is one of the demonstration projects
within the REWARD Programme initiated by the DGCS/
WESCANA Project and supported by the IUCN Water and
Nature Initiative (WANI), funded by DGIS/ The Netherlands.
Up-scaling of methodologies and insights, are realized
through the sub-networks on different water resource systems
of REWARD’s Regional Water Knowledge Network.
2
Jenin Governorate
• In WBG, Marj Sanour watershed
project is implemented in Jenin
governorate.
• Situated at the northern part of the
WB and in the southern part of
Jenin Governorate
• Governorate area about 583 km².
with 258,321 inhabitants.
• It is surrounded by 7 villages:
• Sanour, Aljarba, Meselieh,Serees;
 Seer and Meithaloun .
3
Marj Sanour Socio-economic conditions
• affected socially and
economically by the basin;
26.500
People
4
• entirely dependent on
groundwater for domestic use.
Environment
Marj Sanour is a valley
with good agricultural potential
• surrounded by hills.
• with an altitude range from 350
m up to 365 m ASL.
5
The climate of the area is
characterized by:
• a moderate hot and dry summer and
by a moderate cool and rainy winter;
• average long term rainfall of 540
mm/y;
• important flooding every 3 to 5
years from winter rains and snow.
The flooding situation diagram
Main Water Flow components:
1- Rainfall
2- Water retention on hill slopes
3- Water retention in valley floor
4- Surface run off
5- Evaporation
6- Recharge of the aquifer
7- Seepage of flood water to aquifer
8- Groundwater abstraction by well/ borehole
9- Use of flood water for irrigation
10- Groundwater flow to springs well of
Qabatia and Fari’a
6
Constrains
• Lack of trust and
confidence by locals
• Fragmentation of
landownership, influencing
any decision process
• Low efforts to develop
Decision Support System
7
Project beneficiaries
From the bottom
Communities of Marj area,
stakeholders, farmers, CBOs,
villages, partner NGOs
To the top
Government institutions
Best Practice for
8
Other mountainous area in the region
or in other countries
Project Donors
Project Partners
• IUCN Project Office in
Palestine
• Palestinian Hydrology
Group
• Union of Agricultural
Working Committees
9
Project
Stakeholders
• Ministry of Agriculture.
• Ministry of Local
Government.
• Palestinian Water Authority.
• Environment Quality Affairs.
Project description
Project long term goal:
• to improve rural livelihoods in
watershed areas
through
• To increase agricultural
development areas
effective
ecosystem/watershed
management
and
conjunctive use of
ground and surface water
Purpose: Application of systemic and participatory approaches to
Integrated Water Resources Management to other mountainous area in the
MENA region.
10
Double face problem (scarcity and flooding) originates
from the same root:
 Bad land-use
 Bad Water management in the watershed
11
Summer Season
Scarcity
12
Winter season
Flooding
13
Livelihoods of rural households rescued
in Marj Sanour Watershed
Environmental Hazards
decreased
Productivity of agricultural
land in the valley improved
access to ground water in the region( in Al
Faraa , Qabatia and Marj Sanour area) for drinking
and irrigation increased
Productivity of
agricultural land in the
hills improved
Ground water
depletion reduced
dReduce water
loss by
evaporation
Flooding of valley land in heavy rain seasons
reduced
Ground water
recharge improved
Soil and water conservation of
hilly land improved
Surface (run off) water coming down the hills
reduced
Water retention techniques
improved
Adaptive solutions
implemented to
overcome closed
topography of the
watershed area and
soil impermeability
Long Term Objective Tree
14
Cultivated and
vegetation land
increased
Use and maintenance
of hill terraces
improved
Interest, awareness and capacity among
farmers raised/built and funds made
available to invest in watershed development
Recharge scenario diagram
Main water flow components:
1. Rainfall
2. Water retention on hill slopes
3. Water retention in valley floor
4. Surface run off
5. Evaporation
15
6. Recharge of the aquifer
7. Seepage of flood water to aquifer
8. Groundwater abstraction by well/borehole
9. Use of flood water for irrigation
10. Groundwater flow to springs/wells of Qabatia and Fari'a
Main Assumption
• Improving the productivity of agricultural land
• Increasing water availability, by a conjunctive use of ground
and surface water.
16
Key-Pillars Project Strategy
Better management of scarce water and land resources
through a participatory and stakeholder-led planning process
Empowerment
17
Stakeholder Dialogue
System Tools
System Tools
• A more systemic approach:
• to collect and analyze information
• to planning and decision-making processes
• Under Empowerment. Creating interest/raising awareness. Building
Capacity
• Under Stakeholders’ Multilevel dialogue/,Long term concerted action
• Strong coordination of activities and decision-making
18
Rural livelihoods in Palestinian watershed areas are rescued
Local communities empowered
in WR planning and decisionsmaking and enabled for Plan
implementation
Empowerment of local
communities and local
government agencies
A number of tested community
pilot activities that can contribute
to sustainability of livelihoods
Development and
implementation of
community pilot
projects to test
potential solutions
An operational plan for Marj
Sanour watershed development
that contributes to livelihoods
improvement
Development and
endorsement of a
watershed development
plan for Marj Sanour
as a methodology for
replication
A general methodology for
watershed development
strategizing and decision-making
endorsed by key stakeholders in
Palestine
Development of system
tools (possibly DSS) to
support plan
development
Expected
Results
Project
Purpose
Use of systemic, participatory approaches to Integrated Water
Resources Management for the mountainous area in the MENA
region demonstrated in Marj Sanour watershed
Conducting studies:
water resource
assessment,
environmental
assessments, etc.
Stakeholder consultation and participatory planning and decision-making
Issues Raised
• To involve local people from all surrounding villages in the planning of the
project.
• To facilitate the dialogue between the implementing partners and the Key
Stakeholders.
• To enhance Steering Committee role.
• To review and verify previous studies
20
Progress to Date
• Stakeholder facilitation and establishing an effective
communication system between all stakeholders at
different levels.
• Establishing Project Steering and Technical Advisory
Committees .
• Establishing Community Local Committees.
• Mobilizing watershed communities.
• Promotion for the project idea and increase awareness
of the communities on watershed problems and project
design.
• Agreement on establishing a local watershed
development association concluded
21
Progress to date Cont.
• Conducting Draft Hydrological Assesment Study
• Identification of the physical boundaries of the watershed that depending on the
topographical features of the watershed as a surface water catchment.
• Determination of the sub- catchment within the general watershed and their
areas.
• Classifying and mapping the soil cover in the watershed area. Physical, and
chemical properties of soil was determined.
• Indicating the geological, structural, and geo-morphological built features of the
watershed.
• Identifying the different climatologically parameters.
• Determining the hydrological parameters (runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration
• Describing the hydro-geological characteristics of the different hydro-geological
units depending on their ability of storing and transmitting water.
22
Progress to date Cont.
• Conducting Draft Hydrological Assesment Study Cont.
• Describing the hydraulic properties of the aquifer systems.
• Identifying the groundwater quality and the hydro-chemical type, through the
analyses of different water samples from groundwater wells distributed in the
area.
• Identifying the water quality of flood water,
• Determining the water resources (groundwater wells, cisterns,…) and their
capacity for different purposes (domestic, and agricultural).
• Studying the situation of water related infrastructure.
• Indicating supply, consumption, and demand for the different purposes. Data
of these items were collected by using PRA, and records of local councils.
• Identifying pollution water resources in the area.
23
Progress to date Cont.
• Socio-Economic Assesment Study almost finalized
• investigating the socio-economic characteristics of the Marj Sanour villages
(7 villages )
• Studying the main characteristics of the agricultural production
systems/patterns and agricultural holdings in the Marj area
• Investigating the water availability, access and quality status, and the
attitudes of farmers in this regard.
• Giving insight on the losses caused by the Marj flooding, and
social/economical perceptions vis a vis potential solutions/scenarios for the
flooding problem.
24
Progress to date Cont.
• Identification and development of most appropriate and effective
DSTs techniques
• Building the conceptual Driving Forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response
(DPSIR) framework based on the previous studies and data collected of Marj
sanour watershed.
• (DPSIR framework is presented as a system for organizing information that
emphasizes CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIPS. It is a methodological
framework (or guideline) for decision makers that summarizes key information
(indicators) from different sectors. )
• Defining the list of criteria in different aspects (Socio-economic, Environment
and Economic) to be quantified and then used for Multi criteria analysis (MCA).
• Start building the DSS interface using Visual Studio.Net as a programming
language.
25
THANK YOU
26