Transcript Slide 1
Amber Burgess, Registered Dietitian Wilson County Health Department Dietary Supplements FDA Definition A dietary supplement is a product taken by mouth that contains a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet. The "dietary ingredients" in these products may include: vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, glandulars, and metabolites. Dietary supplements can also be extracts or concentrates, and may be found in many forms such as tablets, capsules, softgels, gelcaps, liquids, or powders. They can also be in other forms, such as a bar, but if they are, information on their label must not represent the product as a conventional food or a sole item of a meal or diet. Whatever their form may be, DSHEA places dietary supplements in a special category under the general umbrella of "foods," not drugs, and requires that every supplement be labeled a dietary supplement. Source: http://www.fda.gov/Food/DietarySupplements/ConsumerInformation/ucm110417.ht m#what Nutraceuticals Definition of a Nutraceutical:"Food, or parts of food, that provide medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease." (Dr. Stephen DeFelice, Foundation for Innovation in Medicine) Nutraceutical Categories: Dietary Supplements including botanicals: Vitamins, minerals, co-enzyme Q, carnitine Gingsing, Gingko Biloba, Saint John's Wort, Saw Palmetto Functional Foods: Oats, bran, psyllium and lignin's for heart disease and colon cancer Prebiotics - oligofructose for control of intestinal flora Omega-3 milk in prevention of heart disease Canola oil with lowered triglycerides for cholesterol reduction Stanols (Benecol) in reduction of cholesterol adsorption Medicinal Foods: Transgenic cows and lactoferrin for immune enhancement Transgenic plants for oral vaccination against infectious diseases Health bars with added medications Source: http://www.clemson.edu/NNC/what_are_nutra.html Dietary Supplements Problems that can occur with supplements • Interactions with other medications • Overdoses/Toxicity • Your current state of health (treatments for cancer and other health issues) • Can exacerbate some conditions • Again interfere with other medications for treatment Drug Interactions • Herbal and nutritional supplements may interact unfavorably with prescription drugs. • Nutritional supplements recommended for nervous system and brain function such as 5-HTP or St. John's Wort, should not be recommended for those taking prescription antidepressants. • “Vitamin C should not be taken with aspirin, as it can irritate the stomach and limit absorption. Minerals should be taken in proper proportions to prevent unfavorable interactions; large amounts of zinc may deplete the body of the mineral copper, while too much calcium adversely affects the magnesium levels in the body. Balanced mineral supplements are recommended to alleviate these interactions.” Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Nutritional+Supplements Megadosing More is better? • Not necessarily…some supplements contain several times over the maximum absorbable dose per pill. • Wastes money – What your body doesn’t absorb gets excreted in the urine. • Can build up toxicity – mostly with fat soluble vitamins. Megadosing Calcium Supplementation • Most provide anywhere from 500-1500mg per tablet • Human body can only absorb about 500mg of calcium at a time • Type of calcium makes a difference also • Calcium citrate vs. Calcium carbonate Megadosing • For adults, the recommended dietary reference intake for Vitamin C is 65 to 90 milligrams (mg) a day, and the upper limit is 2,000 mg a day. • Megadoses of Vitamin C supplements may cause: • Diarrhea • Nausea • Vomiting • Heartburn • Abdominal bloating and cramps • Headache • Insomnia • Kidney stones Source: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vitamin-c/AN01801/ Diabetes and Supplements There are supplements that have been researched as complimentary therapy to the standard drug treatments for diabetes. Some of those supplements include: Vitamin D & Calcium Garlic Coenzyme Q10 Chromium Omega 3 fatty acids Magnesium Source: http://www.dlife.com/diabetes-food-and-fitness/dietary_supplements Dietary Supplements Don't substitute dietary supplements for any medications If you’re considering using a dietary supplement in place of drugs, consult your health care provider first. And remember, just because it is “natural” doesn’t mean it’s gentler or more beneficial to your body. Many supplements contain active ingredients that have strong biological effects and their safety is not assured. (See article from cancer society.) Source: http://www.helpguide.org/life/supplements_dietary_nutritional_herbal.htm Dietary Supplements • There are many different supplementary products • • • • available Focus on key health issues and why it may be beneficial to take supplements Research the supplements you are interested in taking Weigh the pros and cons Discuss with your Medical Doctor before taking any supplements! Nutritional Supplements/Meal Replacements • Non Diabetic • Boost • Ensure • Carnation Instant Breakfast • Store Brands • “Diabetic Friendly” • Glucerna • Boost Glucose Control Diabetic Friendly Meal Replacements • Meal Bars • Snack Bars • Meal Replacement Shakes • Snack Shakes Diabetic Friendly Meal Replacements • Uses of Diabetic Meal Replacements: • To provide a source of calories and nutrition during times where you would tend to skip meals for various reasons. • These products provide better glucose control over the regular versions and prevent sharp spikes in blood sugar.