Transcript Chapter 29
Chapter 29 Eisenhower: Moderate Republican Section 1: The Republicans Return Election of 1952 Eisenhower’s Presidency New Foreign Policy The War in Indochina Meeting at the Summit Biography of Eisenhower Election of 1952--Democrats Democrats had been in office for the last 20 years Korean War Inflation China Adlai Stevenson Election of 1952--Republicans Republicans chose Eisenhower Nickname Promised to end the war in Korea Won the Presidency easily President Eisenhower’s Win Eisenhower’s Presidency Characteristics John Foster Dulles Demobilization Massive Retaliation H- Bomb Explodes Brinkmanship Definition Benefits Dangers War in Indochina (1st) Three Countries Other Names Ho Chi Minh French vs. Communist Vietnamese US’s actions Geneva Conference The Division of Vietnam Divided into two in 1954 Northern half would be Communist Southern half would be free under the former emperor Bao Dai. First Indochina War Video Clip Pactomania Definition SEATO METO Meeting at the Summit Stalin dies in 1953 Nikita Khrushchev Peaceful coexistence Video Clip of Khrushchev Spy Planes US wanted to inspect other countries from the air. Soviet Union rejected it US sent spy planes anyway U2 Everybody’s New Deal Chapter 29 Section 2 Section 2 Dynamic Conservatism Reduce Government Activities Public vs. Private Power The Farm Problem Fall of McCarthy Election of 1956 Dynamic Conservatism • • • • • Democratic Fears Liberal towards people Conservative about spending public money Continue New Deal programs Attempt to move the federal government out of other areas Reducing Government Activities Budget Taxes Government Control Compromise of Oil Deposits Public vs. Private Power Dams in Idaho – President supported private ownership The TVA – Kept it owned by the federal government but from getting any larger The Farm Problem Overproduction Farmers vs. Output Benson Agricultural Act “Soil Bank Plan” Results of these efforts The Moderate Republican Social Security Minimum wage Other Programs HEW—Dept of Health, Education and Welfare Oveta Culp Hobby The Fall of McCarthy Suspension of government employees McCarthy’s accusations Televised Hearings Censure—a formal reprimand The Election of 1956 Eisenhower and Nixon (R) vs. Stevenson and Kefauver (D) Eisenhower won easily due to his popularity and the nation’s prosperity However, the Republicans lost to the Democrats in both houses of Congress because the people favored democratic policies. Chapter 29 Section 3 The Declaration of Independence Enacted: July 4, 1776 “We hold these truths to be self evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…” Second-Class Citizens Under the Jim Crow Laws, many different things were segregated: • water fountains • restaurants • bathrooms • movie theaters • even cemeteries! Plessy vs. Ferguson • Ruling: Separate but equal is constitutional • Thurgood Marshall So, What & Who Lit the Modern Civil Rights Movement Match? • 1954 ~ U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education • 1955 ~ Rosa Parks The South Resists • “Southern Manifesto”— document protesting the Brown vs. Board decision • They would use “massive resistance” against it. Southern states oppose the Brown vs. Board of Education decision Central High School Orval Faubus “Little Rock Nine” “I Have a Dream…” • Who: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. • What: Non-violent, motivational protest speech • When: August 28, 1963 • Where: Washington D.C. • Attendance: 250,000 people • Event called: March on Washington D.C. After the 1950s…. • • • • • • Freedom Riders of 1961 James Meredith 1962 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Malcolm X is assassinated 1965 Black Panthers 1966 Voting Rights Act Difficulties Abroad Section 4 Mrs. Hauber Coexistence “Peaceful Coexistence” East Berlin and Hungary Problems in the Middle East 1952 Egypt became independent 1954--Gamal Abdel Nassar Israel War Between Israel and Egypt War between Israel and Egypt over Suez Canal Soviet Involvement Britain and France’s involvement US does not help UN Resolution Developing Missiles Robert Goddard V-2 Rocket Operation Paperclip E. Sputnik First satellite to orbit the earth Launched by Russia on October 4, 1957 Sputnik Sputnik II—sent a dog “Laika” into space Vanguard Rocket First US rocket Was a failure 2 months later Explorer I orbited the earth National Defense Education Act The government paid people to go to college for Math or Science We needed people to help the NASA Program NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration established in 1958 US Space Program More Problems in the Middle East Nassar had ties to Soviet Union Importance of oil Eisenhower Doctrine Actions of US and British forces Easing Tensions Goodwill Tour Eisenhower and Khrushchev exchange visits Settled their Berlin issue through negotiations Eisenhower Steps Down Warned Americans that they had to be prepared with vast military forces and enormous factories Retired to Gettysburg, PA Next President : JFK