Transcript Slide 1

People and the Planet- topic 3:
3.1 What are the ingredients
of good living spaces?
3.1b) People in different parts of the
world are attracted to live in different
kinds of living space
What is happening in LIC (Lower Income
countries)?
• In LICs rural areas tend to be worse than
their equivalent in HICs
• Life is very hard as there are few jobs, the
jobs there are mainly in farming which is
difficult. Many men leave the rural villages to
find jobs in urban areas where there tend to
be more jobs
• This is known as RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION
• Women get left behind in the villages working
the land in poor conditions.
Lets look at the situation in South Africa, identify the
push and pull factors herehttp://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/why-youngpeople-move-to-cities-in-south-africa/1482.html
RURAL Push factors
• Need to collect water from well
• No sanitation
• Rely on farming to make living but crop failure and drought
impact on ability to make money
• Farm work is hard and they work long hours for little pay
• Few jobs outside of farming
• BUT
• Its not all bad there is strong sense of community and people
can rely on elders of the village to look after children
URBAN Pull factors
• Higher opportunity of employment
• Better services such as piped water
• Sanitation
• Better access to healthcare and closer to education services
• Cushioned from effects of drought and crop failure
• BUT
• Journey home takes several days so family far away
Video Questions on China rural to urban
migration
• Watch the video clip and identify some of the stresses and
strains for the people of rural China
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/cao-fei-and-tong-yanurbanisation-in-china/8006.html
• How many migrant workers are estimated to be in China? Where
do they move from? To?
• Why do they move? What do they often find when they get
there?
• What do the majority end up doing?
• Cao Fei and Tong Yan both 17 What do they want and not want
to do in future?
• What do they think is bad about the jobs their parents do?
• What ould have happened to Fei and Yan if they didn’t have the
school?
• What does Yan wish? How will she get her wish?
What are the impacts of this rural to
urban migration?
• There are not enough houses for all the migrants to
live in, this leads to migrants building own make shift
homes out of any materials they can find they tend to
cluster together in areas uninhabited by urban
dwellers as they are unsafe . These clusters of self
built housing are known as SLUMS/ SQUATTER
SETTLEMENTS. AKA SHANTY TOWNS in Africa,
BUSTEES in India AND FAVELAS in Latin America.
• Services become stretched health, transport pushed
to limit
• There is increased congestion on roads leading to
higher levels of air and noise pollution
The Slums
• They are informal homes (not legal or provided for
living by government)
• Lets see a slum
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8llgvgHxHE
Welcome to Lagos Episode 1 part 1
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AeaQxREumc&featur
e=related part 2 episode 1
Welcome to Lagos Questions
• Lagos is a MEGACITY What does that mean?
• 60 years ago less than
people lived in
Lagos. Now its estimated that around
live there.
• Describe Olusosun rubbish dump, what do you think it
would be like to live and work there?
• Describe Eric’s life? His weekday home, How he takes
care of himself, etc
• How has Joseph used his work to help his family?
Practice Exam Questions
1)
2)
Explain the positives and negatives of rural- urban
migration in LIC and MIC countries (4 marks)
Assess the stresses and strains that arise from
changing your living space (4 marks)
3) Describe
the changes
in the rural
and urban
populations
of China
between
1970and
2030 (2
marks)
Homework
•
•
Research life in a slum
Describe the housing people live in, the jobs they do, what the environment is
like, the problems Slum dwellers face. You can try researching the following
cities
Lagos, Nigeria
• http://www.guardian.co.uk/tv-and-radio/2010/apr/16/welcome-to-lagos-samwollastonb
• http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/lagos-inside-the-ultimatemegacity-1945246.html
• http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/lagos-inside-the-ultimatemegacity-1945246.html?action=Popup&ino=2
• Watch Welcome to Lagos in parts on you tube
Mumbai, India
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/08/south_asia_life_in_
dharavi/html/1.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/world/06/dharavi_slum/html/dharavi_sl
um_intro.stm
http://www.wsws.org/articles/2009/jun2009/mumb-j13.shtml
Watch Slumdog Millionaire
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILycPHwieYk&feature=related watch this
clip
Cape Town, South Africa
Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
What about urban areas in HICs?
• The city with many millions of inhabitants is a recent
phenomenon, it wasn’t until the mid noughties that
humans became a predominantly URBAN species
(Since 2005 more people on Earth have lived in
URBAN as opposed to RURAL areas)
• London was the first city to have a population of
several million in the 2nd half of 19th century
• By 2005 50 cities had a population over 5 million
• Including 20 cities that had over 10 million
inhabitants making them MEGACITIES
The world’s current MEGACITIES
• 1. Tokyo, Japan - 28,025,000
2. Mexico City, Mexico - 18,131,000
3. Mumbai, India - 18,042,000
4. Sáo Paulo, Brazil - 17, 711,000
5. New York City, USA - 16,626,000
6. Shanghai, China - 14,173,000
7. Lagos, Nigeria - 13,488,000
8. Los Angeles, USA - 13,129,000
9. Calcutta, India - 12,900,000
10. Buenos Aires, Argentina - 12,431,000
• 11. Seóul, South Korea - 12,215,000
12. Beijing, China - 12,033,000
13. Karachi, Pakistan - 11,774,000
14. Delhi, India - 11,680,000
15. Dhaka, Bangladesh - 10,979,000
16. Manila, Philippines - 10,818,000
17. Cairo, Egypt - 10,772,000
18. Õsaka, Japan - 10,609,000
19. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - 10,556,000
20. Tianjin, China - 10,239,000
The even newer phenomenon The never-ending
city
• Cities are pushing beyond their limits and are merging into new massive
conurbations known as mega-regions, which are linked both physically
and economically. Their expansion drives economic growth but also leads
to urban sprawl, rising inequalities and urban unrest.
• The biggest mega-regions, which are at the forefront of the rapid
urbanisation sweeping the world, are:
• • Hong Kong-Shenhzen-Guangzhou, China, home to about 120 million
people;
• • Nagoya-Osaka-Kyoto-Kobe, Japan, expected to grow to 60 million
people by 2015;
• • Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo region with 43 million people in Brazil.
• The same trend on an even larger scale is seen in fast-growing "urban
corridors":
• • West Africa: 600km of urbanisation linking Nigeria, Benin, Togo and
Ghana, and driving the entire region's economy;
• • India: From Mumbai to Dehli;
• • East Asia: Four connected megalopolises and 77 separate cities of over
200,000 people each occur from Beijing to Tokyo via Pyongyang and
Seoul.
What’s it like living in the worlds
largest city
• Capsule hotelsbuilt in Tokyo 20
years ago for
businessmen
needing bed for
night if missed
train home, now
being used as
homes for
unemployed
Tokyo dwellers
since Christmas
2009- a result of
the economic
downturn
Japans micro homes
• Japanese homes especially in the largest
city Tokyo are tiny. They need to be as
the city is home to 12.5 million people
and 10% of the entire countries
population.
• Their tiny size is due to a severe lack of
space and the phenomenally high cost of
land, these combine to make very small
high cost homes. See picture on page 12
of textbook
TaskDescribe what life
would be like if you
were the one in the
picture on page 182