Transcript Slide 1

Adams-Ross
Debate
Questions for Mr. Ross
1. What do you do on the sabbath and what passages authorize these
activities?
2. Where does the New Testament (or Old Testament, for that matter) teach
that parts of the Old Covenant were done away with while parts of it were
not?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
2
Questions for Mr. Ross
3. How could the sabbath, according to Exodus 31.17, be a sign between God
and Israel if all the other nations were included too?
4. Why do you insist on keeping the sabbath while not insisting on the penalty
for not keeping the sabbath and what passages are used to justify this
inconsistency?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
3
Questions for Mr. Ross
5. In light of Mark 7.18 and Acts 10.9–16, why are those in the
Church of God 7th Day for-bidden from eating pork, squirrel, rabbit,
catfish, colas, chocolate, and coffee; what passages are used to
justify these things; and who decides to choose these laws while
leaving animal sacrifices alone?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
4
Proposition
• The Scriptures teach that the first day of the week as a day of worship
is enjoined on God’s people in this age of the world
Affirm: Stan Adams, New Testament
Christian
Deny: Robert L. Ross, Church of God 7th
Day
http://www.WordAndSword.com
5
Proposition Defined
• ‘Scriptures’: the Bible, the Old and New Testaments, the word of God
• ‘teach’: the word of God says or concludes something, instruct
• ‘first day of the week’: Sunday
• ‘a day of worship’: certain worship has been ordained for that day
http://www.WordAndSword.com
6
Proposition Defined
• ‘enjoined’: commanded, required, binding
• ‘God’s People’: Christians
• ‘this age of the world’: commonly called Christian age, as opposed to the
Patriarchal or Jewish age; the age that began with the reign of Christ on the
1st Pentecost after his resurrection
http://www.WordAndSword.com
7
The Sabbath Under Moses
• Exodus 20.8, Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
• Clearly this day, the seventh day of the week, the sabbath day, was a
special day to the Israelites under the Law of Moses
• We are not debating this
• But, what became of this day in Christ?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
8
Romans 7.1–7
• 1 Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them
that know the law,) how that the law hath dominion over a man as long as he liveth? 2 For the
woman which hath an husband is bound by the
law to her husband so long as he liveth; but if the
husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of
her husband. 3 So then if, while her husband
liveth, she be married to another man, she shall
be called an adulteress: but if her husband be
dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no
adulteress, though she be married to another
man.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
9
Romans 7.1–7
• 4 Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become
dead to the law by the body of Christ; that ye
should be married to another, even to him who
is raised from the dead, that we should bring
forth fruit unto God. 5 For when we were in the
flesh, the motions of sins, which were by the
law, did work in our members to bring forth fruit
unto death. 6 But now we are delivered from
the law, that being dead wherein we were held;
that we should serve in newness of spirit, and
not in the oldness of the letter.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
10
Romans 7.1–7
• 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin?
God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by
the law: for I had not known lust, except the
law had said, Thou shalt not covet.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
11
Romans 7.1–7
• 1 … the law … the law … 2 … the law … 4 … the law … 5 … the law … 6
… the law … 7 … the law … the law … the law had said, Thou shalt not
covet.
• Q: What is ‘the law’ in this context?
• A: It clearly includes the 10 Commandments, including the 4th
Commandment—‘Remem-ber the sabbath day to keep it holy.’
http://www.WordAndSword.com
12
Romans 7.1–7
• Q: What does Paul say about our relation-ship to ‘the law,’ that
includes keeping the sabbath, in Christ?
• 2 … loosed from the law … 3 … free from that law … 4 … my brethren,
ye also are become dead to the law … 6 … now we are delivered from
the law, that being dead wherein we were held ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
13
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 1 Do we begin again to commend our-selves? or need we, as
some others, epistles of commendation to you, or letters of commendation from you? 2 Ye are our epistle written in our hearts,
known and read of all men: 3 Forasmuch as ye are manifestly
declared to be the epistle of Christ ministered by us, written not with
ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not in tables of stone, but in
fleshy tables of the heart.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
14
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 4 And such trust have we through Christ to God-ward: 5 Not that we
are sufficient of ourselves to think any thing as of ourselves; but our
sufficiency is of God; 6 Who also hath made us able ministers of the
new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter
killeth, but the spirit giveth life.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
15
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 7 But if the ministration of death, written and engraven in stones,
was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not stedfastly behold
the face of Moses for the glory of his countenance; which glory was
to be done away: 8 How shall not the ministration of the spirit be
rather glorious? 9 For if the ministration of condemnation be glory,
much more doth the ministration of righteousness exceed in glory.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
16
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 10 For even that which was made glorious had no glory in this
respect, by reason of the glory that excelleth. 11 For if that which is
done away was glorious, much more that which remaineth is
glorious. 12 Seeing then that we have such hope, we use great
plainness of speech: 13 And not as Moses, which put a vail over his
face, that the children of Israel could not stedfastly look to the end of
that which is abolished:
http://www.WordAndSword.com
17
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 14 But their minds were blinded: for until this day remaineth the
same vail untaken away in the reading of the old testament; which
vail is done away in Christ. 15 But even unto this day, when Moses is
read, the vail is upon their heart. 16 Nevertheless when it shall turn
to the Lord, the vail shall be taken away.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
18
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 3 … tables of stone … 7 … written and engraven in stones … the
children of Israel could not stedfastly behold the face of Moses for
the glory of his countenance … 14 … the old testament ….
• Q: What is Paul discussing in this context?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
19
Exodus 34.29–35
• 29 And it came to pass, when Moses came down from mount Sinai
with the two tables of testimony in Moses' hand, when he came
down from the mount, that Moses wist not that the skin of his face
shone while he talked with him. 30 And when Aaron and all the
children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and
they were afraid to come nigh him. …
http://www.WordAndSword.com
20
Deuteronomy 5.22
• 22 These words [the 10 Commandments, vv6–21] the Lord spake
unto all your assembly in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of
the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice: and he added
no more. And he wrote them in two tables of stone, and delivered
them unto me.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
21
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• 3 … tables of stone … 7 … written and engraven in stones … the
children of Israel could not stedfastly behold the face of Moses for
the glory of his countenance … 14 … the old testament ….
• Q: What is Paul discussing in this context?
• A: The 10 Commandments, including ‘Remember the sabbath day, to
keep it holy’
http://www.WordAndSword.com
22
2 Corinthians 3.1–16
• Q: What does Paul say about the 10 Com-mandments, that includes
keeping the sabbath, in Christ?
• 6 … the letter killeth … 7 … the ministration of death, written and
engraven in stones … 8 … done away … 9 … ministration of condemnation … 11 … done away … 13 … that which is abolished … 14 …
done away in Christ ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
23
Colossians 2.13–17
• 13 And you, being dead in your sins and the
uncircumcision of your flesh, hath he quickened
together with him, having forgiven you all
trespass-es; 14 Blotting out the handwriting of
ordinances that was against us, which was
contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing
it to his cross ….
• 16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or
in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new
moon, or of the sabbath days: 17 Which are a
shadow of things to come; but the body is of
Christ.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
24
Colossians 2.13–17
• Q: What is ‘the handwriting of ordinances’?
• 16 … therefore … in meat, … drink, … holyday, ... new moon, … sabbath
days ….
• A: Law of Moses, including sabbath
• cf. Ephesians 2.15, Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the
law of command-ments contained in ordinances ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
25
Colossians 2.13–17
• 16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of
an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days ….
• Q: Were these the weekly sabbaths or some special ‘sabbath feasts’?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
26
1 Chronicles 23.29–31
• Col 2.16: … in meat, or in drink [daily], or … an
holyday [yearly], or of the new moon [monthly],
or of the sabbath days [weekly] ….
• 1 Chr 23.29–31: … for meat offering …; And to
stand every morning …, and likewise at even
[daily]; And to offer all burnt sacrifices unto the
Lord in the sabbaths [weekly], in the new
moons [monthly], and on the set feasts [yearly],
… continually before the Lord ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
27
2 Chronicles 2.4
•Col 2.16: … in meat, or in drink [daily], or …
an holyday [yearly], or of the new moon
[monthly], or of the sabbath days [weekly]
….
•2 Chr 2.4: Behold, I build an house to … God,
… for the burnt offerings morning and
evening [daily], on the sabbaths [weekly],
and on the new moons [monthly], and on
the solemn feasts [yearly] …. This is an
ordinance for ever to Israel.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
28
2 Chronicles 8.13
•Col 2.16: … in meat, or in drink [daily], or …
an holyday [yearly], or of the new moon
[monthly], or of the sabbath days [weekly]
….
•2 Chr 8.13: Even after a certain rate every day
[daily], offering according to the
commandment of Moses, on the sabbaths
[weekly], and on the new moons [monthly],
and on the solemn feasts [yearly], three
times in the year, ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
29
1 Chr 23
Daily
Weekly
meat, morn. sabbaths
& evening
2 Chr 2:4
morning &
evening
sabbaths
new
moons
2 Chr 8:13 every day
sabbaths
new
moons
solemn
feasts
morning &
2 Chr 31:3 evening
sabbaths
set feasts
Hos 2:11
sabbaths
new
moons
new
moons
new
moon
Col 2:16
meat &
drink
sabbath
days
http://www.WordAndSword.com
Monthly
new
moons
Yearly
set feasts
solemn
feasts
feast days
holyday
30
Colossians 2.13–17
• 16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink [daily], or in
respect of an holyday [yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of the
sabbath days [weekly] ….
• Q: Were these the weekly sabbaths or some special ‘sabbath feasts’?
• A: Clearly these are the weekly sabbaths!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
31
Colossians 2.13–17
• Q: What does Paul say happened to these commandments, including
weekly sabbaths, in Christ?
• 14 Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, …
and took it out of the way, nailing it to the cross ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
32
The Sabbath Under Moses
• Exodus 20.8, was a special day to Israelites
• So, what became of this day in Christ?
• Rom 7, loosed from, freed from, dead to, delivered from
• 2 Cor 3, done away, done away, abolished, done away in Christ
• Col 2, blotted out, took out of the way, nailed to the cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
33
Now What?
• Clearly the keeping of the sabbath as a special day for God’s people
was done away with in Christ
• If the sabbath is no longer a special day to God’s people, what day is
a special day?
• First, let’s consider why the sabbath was special to God’s people of
Moses’ age
http://www.WordAndSword.com
34
Deuteronomy 5.12–15
• 12 Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the
Lord thy God hath commanded thee. 13 Six days
thou shalt labour, and do all thy work: 14 But
the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy
God: in it thou shalt not do any work, …. 15 And
remember that thou wast a servant in the land
of Egypt, and that the Lord thy God brought
thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a
stretched out arm: therefore the Lord thy God
commanded thee to keep the sabbath day.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
35
Deuteronomy 5.12–15
•Q: Why did Moses say the Lord commanded the
Israelites to keep the sabbath day?
•A: Because the Lord had brought them out of
Egypt and delivered them from bondage
•Consider this event in its context of Exodus 14–15
http://www.WordAndSword.com
36
Exodus 14.13, 30
• 13 And Moses said unto the people, Fear ye not, stand still, and see
the salvation of the LORD, which he will shew to you to day: for the
Egyptians whom ye have seen to day, ye shall see them again no
more for ever. …
• 30 Thus the Lord saved Israel that day out of the hand of the
Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon the sea shore.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
37
Exodus 15.13, 16
• 13 Thou in thy mercy hast led forth the people which thou hast
redeemed: thou hast guided them in thy strength unto thy holy
habitation. …
• 16 Fear and dread shall fall upon them; by the greatness of thine arm
they shall be as still as a stone; … O Lord, till the people pass over,
which thou hast purchased.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
38
Deuteronomy 5.12–15
•Q: Why did Moses say the Lord commanded the
Israelites to keep the sabbath day?
•A: Because the Lord had brought them out of
Egypt and delivered them from bondage
•Consider this event in its context of Exodus 14–15
•A: Because the Lord had saved, redeemed, and
purchased them from bondage
•Sound familiar? It should
http://www.WordAndSword.com
39
Corresponding Day in NT?
• Again, with the sabbath day being removed, is there a corresponding
day in the NT?
• First, the gospel writers clearly and pains-takingly identify the first
day of the week, the day after the sabbath day, our Sunday, as the
day in which Jesus was raised from the dead
http://www.WordAndSword.com
40
Matthew 28.1–10
• 1 In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn
toward the first day of the week, came Mary
Mag-dalene and the other Mary to see the
sepulchre. 2 And, behold, there was a great
earthquake: for the angel of the Lord descended
from heaven, and came and rolled back the stone
from the door, and sat upon it. … 5 And the angel
answered and said unto the women, Fear not ye:
for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified.
6 He is not here: for he is risen, as he said. Come,
see the place where the Lord lay. 7 And go
quickly, and tell his disciples that he is risen from
the dead ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
41
Mark 16.1–9
• 1 And when the sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome,
…. 2 …very early in the morning the first day of
the week, they came unto the sepulchre at the
rising of the sun. … 4 And when they looked, they
saw that the stone was rolled away: …. 5 And
entering into the sepulchre, they saw a young
man sitting on the right side, .... 6 And he saith
unto them, Be not affrighted: Ye seek Jesus of
Nazareth, which was crucified: he is risen; he is
not here: behold the place where they laid him. …
9 Now when Jesus was risen early the first day of
the week, ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
42
Luke 24.1–10
• 1 Now upon the first day of the week, very early
in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre,
bringing the spices which they had prepared,
and certain others with them. 2 And they found
the stone rolled away from the sepulchre. 3 And
they entered in, and found not the body of the
Lord Jesus. 4 And it came to pass, as they were
much perplexed thereabout, behold, two men
stood by them in shining garments: 5 And as
they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to
the earth, they said unto them, Why seek ye the
living among the dead? 6 He is not here, but is
risen ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
43
John 20.1–18
• 1 The first day of the week cometh Mary
Magdalene early, … unto the sepulchre, and seeth
the stone taken away from the sepulchre. … 11 …
Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and
as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the
sepulchre, 12 And seeth two angels … where the
body of Jesus had lain. 13 And they say unto her,
Woman, why weepest thou? … 14 And when she
had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw
Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus. 15
Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou?
whom seekest thou? … 16 Jesus saith unto her,
Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him,
Rabboni; which is to say, Master. …
http://www.WordAndSword.com
44
Corresponding Day in NT?
• First, the gospel writers clearly and pains-takingly identify the first
day of the week, the day after the sabbath day, our Sunday, as the
day in which Jesus was raised from the dead
• After the gospels we then see many references to the resurrection of
Jesus
http://www.WordAndSword.com
45
Corresponding Day in NT?
• Why was the sabbath special to the Jews?
• Deut 5, because the Lord had saved, redeemed, and purchased them from Egyptian
bondage
• Why is the first day of the week special to those in Christ under the NT?
• Gospels, Acts 13; Romans 6; 10, because the Lord was raised on the first day and thereby
we can be saved, redeemed, and set free from the bondage of sin; not possible under Law
of Moses
http://www.WordAndSword.com
51
Special Days of OT and NT
• Exod 20.8, sabbath special day under Moses
• Rom 7; 2 Cor 3; Col 2, sabbath removed from being a special day for God’s
people
• Gospels, Acts 13; Rom 6; 10, first day of the week becomes special day for
God’s people
• But what about worship on this day?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
52
Acts 20.7
• 7 And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came
together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart
on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
53
Sabbath and Sunday in Acts
• After the sabbath was removed as the special day of God’s people, it
is mentioned a few times in Acts
• Many days are mentioned in Acts, but only the sabbath day and the
first day of the week are specified
• Why? What was Luke’s point?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
54
Sabbath and Sunday in Acts
• The sabbath day is specified in Acts 13, 17, 18:
• It is specified as a day when Jews, not disciples of Christ, assembled
• These Jews, not disciples, met in synagogues
• Paul did meet with them, but for the purpose of reasoning with them in order to
persuade them to become disciples of Christ
• Many of these Jews, who met in synagogues on the sabbath, rejected Paul, rejected
Christ, and persecuted Christians
http://www.WordAndSword.com
55
Sabbath and Sunday in Acts
•In other words, after the sabbath was nailed to the
cross, and no longer a special day, it is identified with
Jews, not Christ’s disciples; the synagogue, not the
assemblies of Christ’s disciples; rejection of Christ
and persecution of his disciples!
•Is this really the kind of people you want to be
associated with, Mr. Ross?!
•After Acts the only time the sabbath is mentioned is
in Colossians 2, where Paul said it was blotted out,
taken out of the way, and nailed to the cross!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
56
Sabbath and Sunday in Acts
•After the sabbath day is mentioned for the last time
and after Paul turns his attention away from the
Jews and toward the Gentiles (18.6), Luke specifies
the day in which the disciples of Christ assembled to
worship him
•Acts 20.7, upon the first day of the week, when
the disciples came together to break bread …
http://www.WordAndSword.com
57
1 Corinthians 16.1–2
• 1 Now concerning the collection for the saints, as I have given order
to the churches of Galatia, even so do ye. 2 Upon the first day of the
week let every one of you lay by him in store, as God hath prospered
him, that there be no gatherings when I come.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
58
Points from 1 Corinthians 16.1–2
• ‘[F]rom the very beginning, the Lord’s church
has had regular meetings on the first day of the
week. That this was the church’s general
practice is evident from the fact that the
churches of Galatia as well as the church of
Corinth were commanded to prepare the
collection on this day of the week.’
• cf. 1 Cor 4.17, Paul taught the same thing in all
of the churches
http://www.WordAndSword.com
59
Points from 1 Corinthians 16.1–2
• ‘The command that the collection be taken on the first
day of the week cannot be harmonized with the interpretation that this refers to every member setting aside
some money at his own home. If this was to be done in
the privacy of one’s own home, why was a special day
mentioned for doing it? The only logical reason that can
be given for specifying a particular day is that this was
the regular day on which the congre-gation assembled
for worship. Hence, Paul command-ed that a collection
be taken at that assembly.’
• Mike Willis, Paul’s First Epistle to the Corinthians (Fairmount: Cogdill Foundation, 1979), 599.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
60
Revelation 1.10
• 10 I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and heard behind me a great
voice, as of a trumpet, ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
61
Points from Revelation 1.10
• The first day of the week took on the special meaning of belonging to
the Lord
• It was the day in which he was resurrected
• The day in which he was declared to be the Son of God—Ps 2.7; Acts 13.33;
Rom 1.3–4
• The day in which his churched was established —Acts 2; cf. Lev 23.15–16
http://www.WordAndSword.com
62
Points from Revelation 1.10
• Acts 20.7, the first day of the week was when his disciples assembled to eat his
Supper
• The only 2x the word kyriakos is used in the Greek OT (LXX) or the NT is in Rev
1.10, where it is speaks of ‘the Lord’s Day,’ and in 1 Cor 11.20, where it speaks of
‘the Lord’s Supper’
• The Lord’s Supper and the Lord’s Day are both unique and belong to the Lord
http://www.WordAndSword.com
63
Points from Revelation 1.10
• On the Lord’s Day (Sunday, the first day of the week) the Lord’s people, who are
in the Lord’s Kingdom, come together around the Lord’s Table to eat the Lord’s
Supper to pro-claim the Lord’s death until the Lord’s return!
• Rev 1.10; Acts 20.7; 1 Cor 10.21; 11.20, 26
http://www.WordAndSword.com
64
Sunday, a Day of Worship in NT
• Acts 20.7, Christ’s disciples assemble to eat the Lord’s Supper and to feast on
his word
• 1 Cor 16.1–2, Christ’s disciples assemble to ‘lay by in store’ for the Lord’s work
• Rev 1.10, the Lord’s Day is a special day that belongs to the Lord and his
people
• Sunday, first day of the week, is a day of wor-ship for God’s people in this age of
the world!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
65
Sunday, a Day of Worship in NT
• Exod 20.8, sabbath special day under Moses
• Rom 7; 2 Cor 3; Col 2, sabbath removed from being a special day for God’s
people
• Gospels, Acts 13; Rom 6; 10, first day of the week became a special day for
God’s people
• Acts 20.7; 1 Cor 16.1–2; Rev 1.10, first day of the week is a day of worship for
God’s people in this age of the world!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
66
Answering
Arguments
http://www.WordAndSword.com
67
Mr. Ross’s Arguments
•The sabbath was given to Adam and patriarchs
•The sabbath in Law of Moses said to be perpetual
•The sabbath observance by Gentiles prophesied of
•The sabbath was observed by Jesus
•The sabbath was observed by Paul
•The sabbath, according to history, was observed by
disciples of Christ for the first few centuries
•The sabbath, according to history, was removed
and changed to Sunday by Constantine
http://www.WordAndSword.com
68
Sabbath Given to Adam / Patriarchs ???
•Gen 2.3, And God blessed the seventh day,
and sanctified it: because that in it he had
rested from all his work which God created
and made.
•Where is the command to Adam to keep the
sabbath day?!
•Where is the penalty for Adam or the
patriarchs not keeping the sabbath day?!
•Where is there any example of Adam or any
of the patriarchs keeping the sabbath?!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
69
Sabbath Given to Adam / Patriarchs ???
Patriarchal Age
Jewish Age
Gospel Age
No sabbath
command
The sabbath
command
No sabbath
command
No sabbath
example
The sabbath
example
No sabbath
example
No sabbath
penalty
The sabbath
penalty
No sabbath
penalty
2500+ years
1500 years
2000 years
Deut 5.3
Exod 31.12–18
Col 2.14–17
http://www.WordAndSword.com
70
Sabbath Given to Adam / Patriarchs ???
• Absolutely no reference, zero, from any source, sacred or secular,
that mentions the keeping of the sabbath before Exodus 16!
• You may want to argue from silence, but I’m going to take my stand
with the Bible!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
71
Sabbath in LoM Perpetual ???
•Exod 31.16, Wherefore the children of Israel shall
keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.
•The context of this passage does NOT teach what
you claim it teaches
•Even this verse clearly says it was to be observed by
“the children of Israel” “throughout their
generations”; nothing about Gentiles or Christians
http://www.WordAndSword.com
72
Sabbath in LoM Perpetual ???
• Let’s examine the context of the paragraph, vv12–18
• v13, speak … unto the children of Israel; not Gentiles
• v13, my sabbaths ye [Israel] shall keep; not Gentiles
• v13, it is a sign between me and you; not Gentiles
• cf. example of the sign of engagement or wedding ring
• v13, throughout your [Israel’s] generations; not Gentiles
• v13, the LORD … doth sanctify you [Israel]; not Gentiles
• And that’s just verse 13!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
73
Sabbath in LoM Perpetual ???
• Let’s examine the context of the paragraph, vv12–18
• v14, ye [Israel] shall keep the sabbath; not Gentiles
• v14, everyone [in Israel] that defileth it shall surely be
put to death; but not among Gentiles
• v14, that soul shall be cut off from among his people
[of Israel]; nothing about Gentiles
• Similar statements in v15
http://www.WordAndSword.com
74
Sabbath in LoM Perpetual ???
• Let’s examine the context of the paragraph, vv12–18
• v18, he gave unto Moses … two tables of testimony,
tables of stone, written with the finger of God
• 2 Cor 3, tables of stone … written and engraven in
stones … [given] Moses … which [were] … done away …
done away … abolished … done away in Christ
• What does Paul say about the perpetuality of the
sabbath? It was ‘abolished … done away in Christ’!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
75
Sabbath in LoM Perpetual ???
• If perpetual means what you say it means, what about:
• The perpetuality of burnt offerings, Exod 29.42?
• The perpetuality of incense, Exod 30.8?
• The perpetuality of atonement, Exod 30.10?
• The perpetuality of washing hands/feet, Exod 30.21?
• The perpetuality of first fruits, Lev 23.13?
• The perpetuality of meat offering, Lev 6.18?
• The perpetuality of oil for lamps, Lev 24.3?
• The perpetuality of fringes, Num 15.38?
• The perpetuality of pentecost, Lev 23.21?
• The perpetuality of feast of tabernacles, Lev 23.41?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
76
Isaiah 56.6–7
• 6 Also the sons of the stranger, that join
themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to
love the name of the Lord, to be his servants,
every one that keepeth the sabbath from
polluting it, and taketh hold of my covenant; 7
Even them will I bring to my holy mountain, and
make them joyful in my house of prayer: their
burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be
accepted upon mine altar; for mine house shall
be called an house of prayer for all people.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
77
Gentile Sabbath Prophesied ???
• Isa 56.6–7, Also the sons of the stranger, that
join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to
love the name of the Lord, to be his servants,
every one that keepeth the sabbath …
• Context is not dealing with what the Gentiles
will be doing in the future, but rather the
strangers who would keep the covenant current
at that time, which included burnt offerings and
sacrifices
• To bind sabbath here, must bind sacrifices!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
78
Gentile Sabbath Prophesied ???
• Isa 58.12–14, … and call the sabbath a delight …
• Where is there anything in the context that says
this is what Gentiles would do in the future?
• v14 clearly speaks of ‘the heritage of Jacob thy
father,’ obviously the context is dealing with
Israel and their need to repent!
• Nothing here about Gentiles keeping the
sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
79
Gentile Sabbath in OT ???
• Can the Gentile observance of the sabbath be found anywhere in the
OT?
• It is not found in Genesis
• It is not found in the Law of Moses (Exodus)
• It is not found in the prophets (Isaiah)
Gentile observance of the sabbath is not found anywhere in the Old
Testament!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
80
Jesus and the Sabbath
•Argument: Jesus kept the sabbath, therefore
his disciples today must keep the sabbath
•Gal 4.4, But when the fulness of time was
come, God sent forth his Son, made of a
woman, made under the law …
•Yes, Jesus kept the sabbath because he lived
under the law of Moses!
•Col 2.14–16, but he ended this law in the
cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
81
Jesus and the Sabbath
•Yes, Jesus kept and commanded the sabbath
•He also was circumcised on the 8th day, Luke 2.21
— do sabbatarians bind 8th day circumcision?
•He also commanded to offer gifts (animals) on the
altar, Matt 5.23–24 — do sabbatarians?
•He also commanded everything taught by Moses
to be observed, Matt 23.2 — do sabbatarians?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
82
Jesus and the Sabbath
•Mark 2.27–28, The sabbath was made for man,
and not man for the sabbath; Therefore the Son of
man is Lord also of the sabbath.
•In the context Jesus is addressing misapplications
of the sabbath commandment under Moses
•Nothing—zero, nada, zilch, in this context about
disciples keeping the sabbath after the cross!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
83
Paul and the Sabbath
• Yes, Paul and the sabbath are mentioned together in Acts 13, 17, and
18; but why?
• Was this when the disciples of Christ assembled together to worship
him?
• Or does Luke mention the sabbath in con-nection with Paul for some
other reason?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
84
Paul and the Sabbath
• The sabbath day is specified in Acts 13, 17, 18:
• It is specified as a day when Jews, not disciples of Christ, assembled
• These Jews, not disciples, met in synagogues
• Paul did meet with them, but for the purpose of reasoning with them in order to
persuade them to become disciples of Christ
• Many of these Jews, who met in synagogues on the sabbath, rejected Paul, rejected
Christ, and persecuted Christians
http://www.WordAndSword.com
85
Paul and the Sabbath
•In other words, after the sabbath was nailed to the
cross, and no longer a special day, it is identified with
Jews, not Christ’s disciples; the synagogue, not the
assemblies of Christ’s disciples; rejection of Christ
and persecution of his disciples!
•Is this really the kind of people you want to be
associated with, Mr. Ross?!
•After Acts the only time the sabbath is mentioned is
in Colossians 2, where Paul said it was blotted out,
taken out of the way, and nailed to the cross!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
86
Paul and the Sabbath
•After the sabbath day is mentioned for the last time
and after Paul turns his attention away from the
Jews and toward the Gentiles (18.6), Luke specifies
the day in which the disciples of Christ assembled to
worship him
•Acts 20.7, upon the first day of the week, when
the disciples came together to break bread …
http://www.WordAndSword.com
87
Jesus, Paul, and the Sabbath
• Argument: since Jesus and Paul kept the sabbath,
then Christians should keep the sabbath
• Jesus kept the sabbath because he was born and lived
under the law, Gal 4.4! But he took the sabbath away
and nailed it to his cross, Col 2.14
• Paul’s connection with the sabbath in Acts does not
teach that disciples of Christ assembled for worship
on the sabbath; it teaches that Jews met in
synagogues on the sabbath and rejected Christ
• Neither the examples of Jesus or Paul teach that
Christians are to keep the sabbath today
http://www.WordAndSword.com
88
Sabbath and Early Church
• Argument: history shows that the early church met on the sabbath,
not Sunday
• I challenge you to cite one example of any local church in the first
two centuries that rejected Sunday in favor of sabbath worship
• What does history really say?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
89
Sabbath and Early Church
The Didache is a collection of teachings for
Christians and churches dated to 70–120 AD
14:1, And coming together on the Lord’s day
[kuriakēn] of the Lord, break bread ….
Translation: Rick Brannan, The Apostolic Fathers in English (Bellingham,
WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
cf. Acts 20:7, Upon the first day of the week, when
the disciples came together to break bread ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
90
Sabbath and Early Church
Ignatius, an elder of the church in Antioch, wrote
several letters dated to 98–110 AD
Magnesians 9:1, [I]f those who lived in ancient
customs came to newness of hope, no longer
keeping the Sabbath but living according to the
Lord’s day [kuriakēn], on which our life also arose
through him and his death, (which some deny) ….
Translation: Rick Brannan, The Apostolic Fathers in English (Bellingham,
WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
91
Sabbath and Early Church
Philip Schaff, eminent scholar of ‘church history’:
The celebration of the Lord’s Day [which he later
identified as Sunday] in memory of the resurrection
of Christ dates undoubtedly from the apostolic age.
Nothing short of apostolic precedent can account for
the universal religious observance in the churches of
the second century. There is no dissenting voice.
Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the Christian Church,
electronic ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910), 2.5.60.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
92
Sabbath and Early Church
• Argument: history shows that the early church met on the sabbath,
not Sunday
• What does history really say?
• Mr. Ross, history affirms my proposition; it does nothing for yours!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
93
Sabbath and Constantine
•Argument: Constantine, a semi-pagan
emperor, changed the day of worship from
the sabbath to Sunday in honor and worship
of pagan gods
•Mr. Ross, if you’re going to quote history, you
really need to try to be a little more accurate
•This is indeed a common argument
•What did Constantine actually say?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
94
Constantine’s Edict of AD 321
On the venerable Day of the Sun let the magistrates and
people residing in cities rest, and let all workshops be
closed. In the country, however, persons engaged in
agriculture may freely and lawfully continue their pursuits; because it often happens that another day is not so
suitable for grain-sowing or for vine-planting; lest by
neglecting the proper moment for such operations the
bounty of heaven should be lost. (Given the 7th day of
March, Crispus and Constantine being consuls each of
them for the second time.)
Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the Christian Church,
electronic ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910), 3.7.75, n692.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
95
Sabbath and Constantine
•Argument: Constantine, a semi-pagan
emperor, changed the day of worship from
the sabbath to Sunday in honor and worship
of pagan gods
•Mr. Ross, where did Constantine say that?
•Constantine’s edict actually does just the
opposite of what you claim—it affirms that
Sunday, not the sabbath, was the day already
held in high esteem by the early church!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
96
Sabbath and History
•Argument: history shows that the early church
worshiped on the sabbath and that the day of
worship was changed to Sunday by Constantine
•Just the opposite! History shows the early church
worshiped on Sunday and not the sabbath
•History shows that Constantine said nothing that
changed the day of worship from sabbath to Sunday
http://www.WordAndSword.com
97
What Else, Mr. Ross?
•Nothing in the Old Testament, either in Genesis,
the Law of Moses, or the prophets, says a word
about Gentiles keeping the sabbath
•Nothing in the Gospels, Acts, or the NT epistles
says a word about Christians keeping the sabbath
•History teaches the early church from the very
beginning worshiped God on Sunday, the first day
of the week, and not the sabbath
No argument, sacred or secular, proves your proposition that God’s people in
this age of the world are to keep the sabbath!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
98
Additional
Slides
http://www.WordAndSword.com
99
The Issue Is NOT
• Were the Israelites / Jews commanded to keep the Sabbath under
the Law of Moses
• Did New Testament Christians or apostles ever assemble or do any
teaching on the Sabbath or any other day of the week
http://www.WordAndSword.com
100
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when Jesus was resurrected!
• Matt 28:1–10, end of the sabbath, … toward the first day of the week … Jesus
… is risen!
• Mark 16:1–9, the sabbath was past, … the first day of the week … Jesus … is
risen; … Jesus was risen … the first day of the week
http://www.WordAndSword.com
101
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when Jesus was resurrected!
• Luke 24:1–10, the first day of the week … he … is risen
• John 20:1–18, the first day of the week … Jesus standing
http://www.WordAndSword.com
102
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when Jesus appeared to many as the resurrected Lord
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mary Mag., Mark 16:8–11; John 20:11–18
The other women, Matt 28:9–10
2 disciples, Mark 16:12–13; Luke 24:13–32
Peter, Luke 24:33–35
The 12 (-Thomas), Mark 16:14; Luke 24:36–43; John 20:19–25
The 12 (the next Sunday), John 20:26–31
http://www.WordAndSword.com
103
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when Christ was declared to be the Son of God!
• Psalm 2.7, I will declare …, Thou art my Son; This day have I begotten thee
• Acts 13.33, God … hath raised up Jesus …; as it is written in the second
psalm, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.
• Paul said this prophecy was fulfilled when Jesus was resurrected
http://www.WordAndSword.com
104
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when Christ was declared to be the Son of God!
• Psalm 2.7, I will declare …, Thou art my Son; This day have I begotten thee
• Romans 1.4, And declared to be the Son of God … by the resurrection from
the dead
• What day was Jesus resurrected? Sunday
• He was declared the Son of God on Sunday!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
105
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when all the events in Acts 2 occurred, being the day of
Pentecost
• Pentecost always fell on a Sunday
• Lev 23:15–16, the morrow after the sabbath, …. Even unto the morrow after
the seventh sabbath shall he number fifty days ….
• Always on the day after a sabbath = Sunday
• ‘fifty’ in LXX is pentēkonta = Pentecost
http://www.WordAndSword.com
106
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when all the events in Acts 2 occurred, being the day of
Pentecost
• Holy Spirit given fulfilling Joel’s prophecy on Sunday, Joel 2:28–32; Acts 2:1–
4, 16–21
• The church, mountain of the Lord’s house, established on Sunday, Isa 2:2–3;
Acts 2:17
• Christ crowned as king on his throne on Sunday, Zech 6:13; Acts 2:29–36
http://www.WordAndSword.com
107
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when all the events in Acts 2 occurred, being the day of
Pentecost
• The New Law went into effect as the word went forth from Jerusalem on
Sunday, Isa 2:3; Luke 24:47–49; Acts 2 (cf. Jer 31:31–34)
• First gospel sermon proclaiming Jesus as Son of God preached on Sunday,
Acts 2:22–36
http://www.WordAndSword.com
108
Sunday, a Special Day in NT
• Sunday was when all the events in Acts 2 occurred, being the day of
Pentecost
• 3,000 souls, the first fruits of gospel harvest, added to the church on Sunday,
Lev 23:17; Acts 2:41, 47
• The ‘beginning’ of the church was on Sunday, Acts 11:15; 2:1–4
http://www.WordAndSword.com
109
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• 1 Cor 11:17–34, Paul said the church was to come together to eat the
Lord’s Supper
• Esp. note vv17, 18, 20, 33, 34, all say ‘come together’ ‘in the church’
(v18)
• cf. 1 Cor 14:23, 26
• But when was this assembly to occur?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
110
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• Acts 20:6, Paul and his companions stayed in Troas for seven days,
despite being in a hurry to get to Jerusalem (cf. 20:16; 21:4)
• Why the delay?
• What did they do for the seven days?
• Only ONE thing is mentioned!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
111
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• Acts 20:7, And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples
came together to break bread ….
• ‘break bread’ = Lord’s Supper, cf. 1 Cor 10:16; 11.23–24; Matt 26.26
& parallels
• This is NOT a common meal; didn’t stay for seven days to eat a
common meal
http://www.WordAndSword.com
112
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• 1 Cor 11:17ff, church in Corinth to eat the Lord’s Supper when they
came together
• When was the church supposed to do this?
• Acts 20:7, church in Troas came together on Sunday to eat the Lord’s
Supper!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
113
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• 1 Cor 4:17; 7:17; 16:1, Paul taught the same things in all churches
• Every church is to assemble to eat the Lord’s Supper on Sundays!
• Does your church eat the Lord’s Supper, Mr. Ross? If so, on what day?
And what passage do you use for authority?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
114
Sunday, Day of Assembly
& Special Worship in NT
• 1 Cor 16:1–2, concerning the collection … I have given orders to the
churches of Galatia, … so do ye. Upon the first day of the week let every
one of you lay by him in store ….
• This collection was something to be done in all the churches (cf. 1 Cor 4:17;
7:17), making it a religious service
• This religious service for churches was to conducted on Sundays!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
115
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Rev 1:10, I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and heard behind me a
great voice ….
• What does this mean, ‘the Lord’s day’?
• The word (kuriakós) is not a regular possessive word, as in day of the
Lord, but rather an adjective describing something that belongs to
the Lord
http://www.WordAndSword.com
116
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• It is a completely different expression than the phrase “day of the
Lord” in 2 Peter 3:10; 1 Thess 5:2 (2 Thess 2:2 ASV) and the similar
OT expressions
• Only used one other time in the NT, in 1 Cor 11:20, where it refers to
the Lord’s Supper
http://www.WordAndSword.com
117
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• However, there is a special day that John refers to as ‘the Lord’s Day,’
so what day was especially connected with the Lord?
• The first day of the week, Sunday!
• All of our previous points have emphasized this fact, Sunday was
special to the Lord
http://www.WordAndSword.com
118
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord was raised from the dead, Matthew
28:1 & parallels
• Sunday was the day the Lord was declared to be the Son of God,
Psalm 2:7; Acts 13:33; Romans 1:4 w/ Matthew 28:1, etc.
• Sunday was the day the Lord was first preached as being the Savior,
Acts 2
http://www.WordAndSword.com
119
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s church was established, Acts 2; 11:15
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s people re-membered his death in the
eating of the Lord’s Supper, Acts 20:7; 1 Cor 11:17ff
• The Lord’s Day is the day the Lord’s Supper is to be eaten!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
120
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s people col-lected funds for his work,
1 Cor 16:1–2
• No other day of the week held the same significance for the Lord and
his people
• The Bible shows the Lord’s Day is Sunday
• But let’s consider the meaning and usage of this word John used in
Revelation 1:10
http://www.WordAndSword.com
121
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
BDAG: [kuriakós, ē, on] pertaining to
belonging to the Lord, the Lord’s … the Lord’s
Supper 1 Cor 11:20. … the Lord’s day … i.e.
certainly Sunday (so in Modern Greek …) Rv
1:10. … For this … Didache 14:1. … Gospel of
Peter 9:35; 12:50. … observe the Lord’s day
(opposed [to the sabbaths]) Ignatius to the
Magnesians 9:1 ….
[BDAG] A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Early
Christian Literature. 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2000).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
122
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
TDNT: It [kuriakós] occurs twice in the NT: 1 C.
11:20 …, and Rev. 1:10. … The Lord’s Day takes
its significance from the resurrection of Christ.
The [kuriakós] … became the day when the
congregations assembled, Ac. 20:7; Did. 14.1
…. John’s Gospel emphasises that Jesus rose
on the first day of the week, Jn 20:1, 19, 26 ….
Gerhard Kittel, et al., eds. Theological Dictionary of the New
Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 1964–).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
123
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Little Kittel: kyriakós. This adjective, meaning
“of the lord or owner,” occurs in the NT in
1 Cor 11:20 and Rev. 1:10 for the Lord’s
Supper and the Lord’s Day. … As regards the
latter, the day of Christ’s resurrection takes on
special significance (cf. Jn. 20:1; Acts 20:7;
1 Cor. 16:2). [cont.]
http://www.WordAndSword.com
124
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Little Kittel: kyriakós. … Already the first day is
important to Judaism as the day when
creation began, and it becomes a special day
of Christian assembly as the beginning of a
new aeon.
Geoffrey W. Bromiley, ed. Theological Dictionary of the New
Testament: Abridged in One Volume (Grand Rapids, MI: W. B.
Eerdmans, 1985).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
125
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Robertson: Rev. 1:10. … On the Lord’s Day ….
the Christians … take this term, already in use,
and apply it to the first day of the week in
honour of the Lord Jesus Christ’s resurrection
on that day (Didache 14, Ignatius Magn. 9). …
It has no reference to hēmera kurio (the day of
judgment, II Pet. 3:10).
A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (Nashville, TN:
Broadman Press, 1933).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
126
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Vincent: Rev. 1:10. … On the Lord’s day (en
kuriakē hēméra). … The first day of the week,
the festival of the Lord’s resurrection. Not …
the day of judgment … (2 Thess 2:2); … (2 Pet.
3:10); or … (Philip. 2:16) ….
Marvin Richardson Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1887).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
127
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Zodhiates: kuriakós; fem. kuriakē, …. Belonging to
a lord or ruler. Only in 1 Cor. 11:20; Rev. 1:10 as
belonging to Christ, to the Lord, having special
reference to Him. Hence, Kuriakē, which came to
mean Kuriakē Hēméra, the “Day of the Lord,”
what we call Sunday. It was kept in commemoration of Christ’s resurrection (John 20:19–23; Acts
20:7; 1 Cor. 16:2 [see Rev. 1:10]).
Spiros Zodhiates, The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament
(Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 2000).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
128
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• The next few charts contain quotes from nonbiblical ancient documents that were contemporary with John’s writing of Revelation
• These are the documents referred to in the
definitions from the lexicons in previous charts
• These quotations are simply used to show that
the word John used in Rev 1:10 (kuriakē) was in
common use and clearly meant Sunday
http://www.WordAndSword.com
129
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
•“The Gospel of Peter” in the Akhmîm
papyrus “was a narrative gospel of the
synoptic type which circulated in the mid-1st
century under the authority of the name
Peter.”
Paul Allan Mirecki, “Peter, Gospel of” in vol. 5, The Anchor Yale
Bible Dictionary, ed. David Freedman (New York: Doubleday,
1992), 278.
•Other scholars date it to 70–150 AD
•The Gospel of Peter describes the crucifixion
and resurrection of Jesus from the dead
http://www.WordAndSword.com
130
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Gos. Pet. 9:35, Now on the night when the
Lord’s Day [hē kuriakē] was drawing on, as the
soldiers kept guard by two and two ….
Gos. Pet. 12:50, Now at dawn on the Lord’s
Day [tēs kuriakēs] Mary Magdalene, a female
disciple of the Lord … took with her her
female friends, and came to the sepulchre
where He was laid.
Translation: H. B. Swete, The Akhmîm Fragment of the Apocryphal
Gospel of St. Peter (London: MacMillan and Co., 1893).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
131
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
The Didache is a collection of teachings for
Christians and churches dated to 70–120 AD
14:1, And coming together on the Lord’s day
[kuriakēn] of the Lord, break bread ….
Translation: Rick Brannan, The Apostolic Fathers in English
(Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
cf. Acts 20:7, Upon the first day of the week,
when the disciples came together to break
bread ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
132
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Ignatius, an elder of the church in Antioch,
wrote several letters dated to 98–110 AD
Magnesians 9:1, [I]f those who lived in
ancient customs came to newness of hope, no
longer keeping the Sabbath but living
according to the Lord’s day [kuriakēn], on
which our life also arose through him and his
death, (which some deny) ….
Translation: Rick Brannan, The Apostolic Fathers in English
(Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
133
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Philip Schaff, eminent scholar of ‘church
history’:
The celebration of the Lord’s Day [which he later
identified as Sunday] in memory of the
resurrection of Christ dates undoubtedly from the
apostolic age. Nothing short of apostolic
precedent can account for the universal religious
observance in the churches of the second
century. There is no dissenting voice.
Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the Christian
Church, electronic ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910),
http://www.WordAndSword.com
2.5.60.
134
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Sunday in modern Greece
Eastern Europe phrasebook. 4th2ed.
(Footscray, Victoria, Australia:
nd [Day]
Lonely Planet Publications, 2007), 175.
3rd [Day]
4th [Day]
5th [Day]
Preparation [Day], Mk 15.42
Sabbath, Mk 15.42; 16.1–2
Lord’s [Day], Mk 16.2; Rev 1:10
http://www.WordAndSword.com
135
Sunday Proposition
• Sunday is a special day to NT Christians
• Mt 28; Mk 16; Lk 24; Jn 20 | Ps 2:7; Acts 13:33; Rom 1:4 | Joel 2; Isa 2; Zech 6; Acts 2
• Sunday is a day of worship for NT Christians
• 1 Cor 11:17–34; 14:23, 26; Acts 20:6–7 |
1 Cor 16:1–2; 4:17; 7:17
• Sunday is the Lord’s Day for NT Christians
• Rev 1:10; Mt 28; Mk 16; Lk 24; Jn 20; Acts 20:7
http://www.WordAndSword.com
136
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT Binding
Great Britain
United States of America
• Murder is illegal
• Theft is illegal
• Perjury is illegal
• Must pay taxes
• Subject of the Queen
• Murder is illegal
• Theft is illegal
• Perjury is illegal
• Must pay taxes
• ???
http://www.WordAndSword.com
137
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT Binding
Ezekiel 20:10–12, Wherefore I caused them
[house of Jacob/Israel, v5; cf. v13] to go forth
out of the land of Egypt, and brought them
into the wilderness. And I gave them my
statutes, and shewed them my judgments,
which if a man do, he shall even live in them.
Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be
a sign between me and them, that they might
know that I am the Lord that sanctify them.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
138
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT Binding
Nehemiah 9:13–14, Thou camest down also
upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them [our
fathers, v9] from heaven, and gavest them
right judgments, and true laws, good statutes
and commandments: And madest known unto
them thy holy sabbath, and commandedst
them precepts, statutes, and laws, by the
hand of Moses thy servant ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
139
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT Binding
Old Covenant
New Covenant
• Adultery is sin
• Murder is sin
• Theft is sin
• Lying is sin
• Keep the Sabbath
• Adultery is sin
• Murder is sin
• Theft is sin
• Lying is sin
• ???
http://www.WordAndSword.com
140
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v. Sunday
Exodus 17
Numbers 20
• No water to drink, v1
• Take thy rod, v5
• Smite the rock, v5
• Moses did so, he smote the
rock, v6
• Moses is faithful
• No water, v2
• Take the rod, v7
• Speak to the rock, v8
• Instead, Moses
smote the rock, v11
• Moses failed to believe /
sanctify God, punished, v12
http://www.WordAndSword.com
141
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v. Sunday
Old Covenant / Israel
New Covenant / Christians
• Remember the sab-bath day,
Exod 20:8
• Keep my sabbaths, Lev 19:3, 30;
26:2
• Keep the sabbath day, Deut
5:12
• Sabbath given to Israel, Neh
9:13–14
• Lord raised on
Sunday, John 20:1
• Disciples met on Sunday, Acts
20:7
• Churches met on Sunday, 1 Cor
16:1–2
• Lord’s Day, special day, Sunday,
Rev 1:10
http://www.WordAndSword.com
142
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v. Sunday
Old Covenant / Israel
New Covenant / Christians
• When Israel kept the sabbath,
faithful
• When Israel failed to keep the
sabbath, punished, Num 15:36
• When God’s people worship him
on the Lord’s Day, faithful
• When God’s people fail to
worship him on the Lord’s Day,
pun-ished, Heb 10:24–31
http://www.WordAndSword.com
143
Acts 20:7–10, Resurrection Theme
• v7, 1st day of the week, when Jesus was resurrected (cf. John 20:1)
• v7, to eat the Lord’s Supper (lit. ‘break bread’), memorial of Jesus’
death and resurrection (cf. 1 Cor 11:23–27)
• vv9–10, Eutychus raised from the dead
http://www.WordAndSword.com
144
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• Sabbath NOT mentioned before Exodus 16
• Sabbath was only made known at Mt. Sinai after leaving Egypt,
Nehemiah 9:13–14, meaning it was NOT known prior to then
• In Exodus 16:4–5, 22–30, God tested whether or not they would keep
his laws with the first mention of the sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
145
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• The sabbath of Exodus 16 was not the same as the sabbath of Exodus
20 and following because the penalty of violating the latter was
death (Exod 31:13–17) and the violators in Exodus 16 were not put to
death (v27ff)
• Again the sabbath of Exodus 16 was given as a test; it was something
new!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
146
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• The people of Israel were NOT familiar with the sabbath before
Exodus 16
• Exod 16:22–23, the rulers of Israel didn’t know what the Sabbath was about,
had to be told
• Exod 16:27, others in Israel didn’t yet realize they weren’t supposed to work
on the sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
147
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• Events of Numbers 15:32–36 show that Israel was not familiar with
the sabbath and that it was something NEW for them
• A man violated the sabbath, picked up sticks
• They recently learned it was wrong, but were confused about what to do
with the man
• God had to tell them what to do, because the sabbath was NEW, they were
learning about it
http://www.WordAndSword.com
148
Not Known/Made Known to Fathers
• In Deut 5:3 Moses said the covenant with the Sabbath (vv12–15) was
not made known to ‘our fathers,’ meaning Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
(1:8)
• In Nehemiah 9:9–14, the Levites (v5) said God made known the
covenant with the Sabbath to ‘our fathers,’ meaning those God
brought out of Egypt to Mt. Sinai
http://www.WordAndSword.com
149
Deut 5.3: Who Are ‘Our Fathers’?
•1:8, your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
•6:10, thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to
Jacob
•9:5, thy fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
•29:13, thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to
Jacob
•30:20, thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to
Jacob
http://www.WordAndSword.com
150
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the sabbath
• v2, God made this covenant with ‘us’
• Us = ‘all Israel … O Israel’ (v1)
• This covenant was not made with any other nations past, present, or future
• This covenant was not made with Gentiles
http://www.WordAndSword.com
151
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the sabbath
• v2, God made this covenant in Horeb
• cf. Exod 3:1, 12; 19:1–2; Num 10:33
• God did not make this covenant in Eden with all people, but at Horeb with
Israel alone
• God did not make this covenant before Horeb, but with Israel who alone was
at Horeb
http://www.WordAndSword.com
152
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the sabbath
• v3, God did NOT make this covenant with ‘our fathers’
• ‘our fathers’ = Abraham, Isaac, Jacob (1.8)
• God did NOT make this covenant with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Adam and Eve, nor
with anyone else prior to Israel!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
153
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the sabbath
• v6, ‘brought thee out … of Egypt’ = covenant made with Israel, NOT
Gentiles and NOT ALL people
• vv12–15, covenant incl. 10 Commandments
http://www.WordAndSword.com
154
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the sabbath
• v15b, ‘therefore the Lord they God com-manded thee to keep the
Sabbath’
• Why is the ‘therefore’ ‘there for’?
• v15a, BECAUSE they (Israel) were a servant in Egypt & God brought them (Israel)
out of Egypt
• Keeping the sabbath was NOT given to others who were not delivered by God
from Egypt!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
155
Deut 5:1–22 Summary
• God made a covenant that included ‘keep the
sabbath day to sanctify it’
• He made this covenant only with Israel,
NOT with any other nation or people
• He made this covenant at Mt. Horeb,
NOT before and NOT in the Garden of Eden
• He did NOT make this covenant with the fathers:
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, or Adam
• He made this covenant with those he brought out
of Egypt, NOT with any other nation or people
http://www.WordAndSword.com
156
Argument: God Never Changes
• No one denies this fundamental truth!
• This is NOT the issue!
• The issue IS has God made different covenants with and given
different commandments to different people in different ages?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
157
Argument: God Never Changes
• Gen 2:15, God commanded Adam to ‘dress’ and ‘keep’ the Garden of
Eden
• Using my opponents reasoning: Adam is the father of all people, therefore
this is a universal commandment—ALL people are required to ‘dress’ and
‘keep’ the Garden
• Does my opponent practice or teach this?
• Notice how Adam was NOT commanded to ‘keep’ the sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
158
Argument: God Never Changes
• Gen 6:14, God commanded Noah to build an ark of gopher wood,
etc.
• Using my opponents reasoning: Noah is the father all people today (Gen 9:1),
therefore this is a universal commandment—ALL people are required to build
an ark
• Is my opponent currently engaged in such a building project and teaching
others to do so?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
159
Argument: God Never Changes
• Exod 31:16, the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe
the sabbath throughout their generations ….
• cf. Deut 5:3; Nehemiah 9:13–14
• This commandment was given to ‘the children of Israel’ and NOT to Gentile
peoples
• Just like the command to ‘keep’ the Garden was given to Adam and the
command to build an ark was given to Noah; NOT to us today
http://www.WordAndSword.com
160
Colossians 2:16
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an
holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days
• Question: what are the ‘sabbath days’?
• Are they the weekly sabbath or special annual festival sabbaths?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
161
Colossians 2:16
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an
holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days
• Some contend the plural ‘sabbath days’ means Paul only referred to
special annual sabbaths, and not to the weekly sabbath
• What saith the Scripture?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
162
Colossians 2:16
• Exodus 31:12–18
•
•
•
•
v13, my sabbaths ye shall keep
v14, ye shall keep the sabbath therefore
v15, the seventh [day] is the sabbath / day
v16, the sabbath (2x)
• sabbaths = the sabbath day
• Col 2:16, sabbath days = weekly sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
163
Colossians 2:16
• Matthew 12:1–13
• vv5, 10, 12, sabbath days
• vv1, 2, 5, 8, 11, 12, sabbath day
• sabbath days = sabbath day
• Col 2:16, sabbath days = weekly sabbath
http://www.WordAndSword.com
164
Col 2:16 / 1 Chron 23:29–31
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink [daily], or in respect of an holyday
[yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of
the sabbath days [weekly] ….
And to stand every morning …, and likewise at
even [daily]; And to offer all burnt sacrifices
unto the Lord in the sabbaths [weekly], in the
new moons [monthly], and on the set feasts
[yearly], … continually before the Lord ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
165
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 2:4
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink [daily], or in respect of an holyday
[yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of
the sabbath days [weekly] ….
Behold, I build an house to … God, … for the
burnt offerings morning and evening [daily],
on the sabbaths [weekly], and on the new
moons [monthly], and on the solemn feasts
[yearly] …. This is an ordinance for ever to
Israel.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
166
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 8:13
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink [daily], or in respect of an holyday
[yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of
the sabbath days [weekly] ….
Even after a certain rate every day [daily],
offering according to the commandment of
Moses, on the sabbaths [weekly], and on the
new moons [monthly], and on the solemn
feasts [yearly], three times in the year, ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
167
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 31:3
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink [daily], or in respect of an holyday
[yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of
the sabbath days [weekly] ….
[A]lso … for the burnt offerings, … for the
morning and evening [daily] burnt offerings,
and the burnt offerings for the sabbaths
[weekly], and for the new moons [monthly],
and for the set feasts [yearly], as it is written
….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
168
Col 2:16 / Hosea 2:11
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink [daily], or in respect of an holyday
[yearly], or of the new moon [monthly], or of
the sabbath days [weekly] ….
I will also cause all her mirth to cease,
Her feast days [yearly], her new moons
[monthly], and her sabbaths [weekly],
and all her solemn feasts.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
169
1 Chr 23
Daily
Weekly
meat, morn. sabbaths
& evening
2 Chr 2:4
morning &
evening
sabbaths
new
moons
2 Chr 8:13 every day
sabbaths
new
moons
solemn
feasts
morning &
2 Chr 31:3 evening
sabbaths
set feasts
Hos 2:11
sabbaths
new
moons
new
moons
new
moon
Col 2:16
meat &
drink
sabbath
days
http://www.WordAndSword.com
Monthly
new
moons
Yearly
set feasts
solemn
feasts
feast days
holyday
170
Colossians 2:14–17
Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances
that was against us, which was contrary to us,
and took it out of the way, nailing it to his
cross ….
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in
drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new
moon, or of the sabbath days: Which are a
shad-ow of things to come; but the body is of
Christ.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
171
Colossians 2:14–17
• What was in the handwriting of ordinances?
• [daily] meat and drink, [yearly] holydays, [monthly] new moons, [weekly]
sabbaths
• What happened to these things?
• Weekly sabbaths were blotted out
• Weekly sabbaths were taken away
• Weekly sabbaths were nailed to the cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
172
Colossians 2:14–17 Summary
• Jesus, ‘blotting out the handwriting of ordinances, … took it out of
the way, nailing it to his cross’; this included the weekly ‘sabbath
days’ (v16)
• So what happened to the weekly sabbath?
• Weekly sabbaths were blotted out
• Weekly sabbaths were taken away
• Weekly sabbaths were nailed to the cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
173
Deut 5:1–22 & Col 2:14–17
• Deut 5: God gave the sabbath to Israel, who he brought out of Egypt, at
Mt. Horeb, NOT to their fathers, NOT to the Gentiles, NOT in the Garden
of Eden
• Col 2: when Jesus died on the cross weekly sabbaths were blotted
out, taken away, and nailed to his cross; they are no more
http://www.WordAndSword.com
174
Jesus Kept the Sabbath
• No one denies this; this is NOT the issue
• Gal 4:4, Jesus lived under the Old Law
• Heb 9:17, the Law of Christ only went to effect AFTER he died
• Col 2:14–17, when he died sabbaths were blotted out, taken away,
nailed to his cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
175
Jesus Did Not End Old Law ???
• Matt 5:17, Jesus came not to destroy, but to fulfill the Old Law
• Argument: Jesus did not end the Old Law
• Col 2:14, Jesus took Old Law out of the way
• Eph 2:15, Jesus abolished the Old Law
• Rom 10:4, Jesus fulfilled the Old Law in that he ‘is the end of the law’
http://www.WordAndSword.com
176
Jesus Gave ALL NT in Gospels
• Argument: Jesus had to reveal everything in his will before his death
• John 16:12–16, Jesus still had ‘many things to say unto’ the apostles
that the Holy Spirit would ‘speak of’ after his death
• 1 Cor 14:37, Paul wrote ‘commandments of the Lord,’ including
11:17–34; 16:1–2
http://www.WordAndSword.com
177
Paul Kept the Sabbath
• Argument: Paul, as an apostle, kept the Sabbath
in worshiping God
• No one denies Paul visited synagogues on some
sabbaths; this it not the issue
• Where did Paul eat Lord’s Supper on the sabbath?
• Acts 9:20, 22; 17:1–4, Paul taught on the sabbath
and ‘confounded the Jews … proving that this is
very Christ’; some believed and left synagogue!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
178
Sabbath & Acts 15
•Discussion not only about circumcision, also
about keeping ‘the law of Moses,’ vv5, 21, 24
•Paul dissented and disputed the need to keep
the Law of Moses, v2
•Peter said they should not ‘put a yoke upon
the neck of the [Gentile] disciples’ by
teaching them to keep the Law of Moses, v10
http://www.WordAndSword.com
179
Sabbath & Acts 15
•James said ‘that we trouble not them …
Gentiles’ by teaching them to keep the Law of
Moses, v19
•The apostles and elders at Jerusalem never
commanded anyone to teach that the
Gentiles keep the Law of Moses, v24; 16:4
•It seemed good to the Holy Ghost, apostles,
elders at Jerusalem not to burden the
Gentiles with keeping the law of Moses, v28
http://www.WordAndSword.com
180
Sabbath & Galatians
• The Law of Moses, including the sabbath, is the topic of Galatians,
3:17, 19; 4:25
• How does Paul describe you who want to keep the Law of Moses
today?
•
•
•
•
•
Christ shall profit you nothing, 5:2
You are a debtor to do the whole law, 5:3
Christ is of no effect unto you, 5:4a
Ye are fallen from grace, 5:4b
Paul wishes you were ‘cut off,’ 5:12
http://www.WordAndSword.com
181
Sabbath, Acts 15, Galatians
__ N __
? Y
__ N __
Y
__ N __
? Y
Opponent
• Circumcision
• Sabbath
• Law of Moses
Who’s Right???
Acts 15
• Paul
• Peter
• James
• Apostles
• Elders
• Holy Ghost
__
 N __ Y
__
 N __ Y
__
 N __ Y
__
 N __ Y
__
 N __ Y
__
 N __ Y
‘Let God be true, but every man a liar,’ Rom 3:4
http://www.WordAndSword.com
182
Lord’s Supper = Annual ???
• Argument: the Lord’s Supper may be eaten on
Sunday, Acts 20:7, but this was only once a year
on the 14th day of the 1st month
• The annual event in Law of Moses that occurred
the 14th day of the 1st month was the Passover
and the feast of unleavened bread, Exod 12
• According to Acts 20:6 this had already occurred
when the disciples in Troas came together on the
first day of the week to eat the Lord’s Supper
http://www.WordAndSword.com
183
Between Cross & Pentecost
Old President/New Pres.
Old Law / New Law
• Election Day, Nov
• Cross of Jesus
• Old President voted out • Old Law nailed to cross
• New President voted in • New Law commissioned
• Inauguration Day, Jan 20
• Pentecost
• Old President no longer
• New President in office
• Old Law no longer
• New Law proclaimed
http://www.WordAndSword.com
184
Between Cross & Pentecost
Last Will and Testament
New Testament
• Death of person
• Some days pass
• Reading and execution of their
last will and testament
• Death of Jesus
• Some days pass
• Reading and execution of his
testament
http://www.WordAndSword.com
185
Sabbath: 60x in 55vv (KJV)
•Argument: sabbath mentioned more than the
first day of the week / Sunday / Lord’s Day
•50x in Gospels, people still under Law of
Moses
•9x in Acts; 1x length of journey; 8x Paul
persuading Jews to accept Christ and his day!
•1x in Romans–Revelation! in Col 2:16 Paul
teaches weekly sabbaths were blotted out,
taken out, and nailed to the cross
http://www.WordAndSword.com
186
Sabbath: 60x in 55vv (KJV)
•Argument: sabbath mentioned more than the
first day of the week / Sunday / Lord’s Day
•Sin: 220x in 185vv (KJV NT)
•Godly/Godliness: 52x in 26vv (KJV NT)
•Does this make sin more important than godliness or mean we should sin instead of practice
godliness? If not, why not?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
187
Law of Moses from Angels?
•Acts 7:53; Gal 3:19; Heb 2:2 all allude that
the Law of Moses was delivered by angels
• Why is this? Is this stated in the OT???
•Deut 33:2 (LXX), And he said: ‘The Lord
came from Sinai / and displayed himself to
us from Seir / and made haste from Mount
Paran together with myriads of Kadesh, /
from his right, angels with him.’
The Lexham English Septuagint, ed. Rick Brannan, Ken M. Penner,
Israel Loken et al. (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
http://www.WordAndSword.com
188
First Day of Week
• Feast of Pentecost, Lev 23.15–16
• Resurrection of Jesus, Luke 24.1, 13, 21, 46
• Holy Spirit Baptism on Pentecost, Acts 2.1–4
• Beginning of the church, Acts 2.41–42, 47
• Lord’s Supper observance in Troas, Acts 20.7
• Collection of the saints, 1 Cor 16.1–2
• John’s vision of the Lord, Rev 1.10–20
http://www.WordAndSword.com
189
Proposition
• The Scriptures teach that the seventh day of the week as a Christian
Sabbath is enjoined on God’s people in this age of the world
Affirm: Robert L. Ross, Church of God 7th
Day
Deny: Stan Adams, New Testament
Christian
http://www.WordAndSword.com
190
Sabbath Given ONLY in Jewish Age
Patriarchal Age
Jewish Age
Gospel Age
No sabbath
command
The sabbath
command
No sabbath
command
No sabbath
example
The sabbath
example
No sabbath
example
No sabbath
penalty
The sabbath
penalty
No sabbath
penalty
2500+ years
1500 years
2000 years
Deut 5.3
Exod 31.12–18
Col 2.14–17
http://www.WordAndSword.com
191
Do You Believe the OT, Mr. Ross?
• In the Old Testament God said he would one day do away with the
Old Covenant and replace it with a New
• Jeremiah 31.31–34
http://www.WordAndSword.com
192
Jeremiah 31.31–34
• 31 Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a
new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of
Judah: 32 Not according to the covenant that I made with
their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring
them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they
brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the Lord:
33 But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the
house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my
law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will
be their God, and they shall be my people. 34 And they shall
teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his
brother, saying, Know the Lord: for they shall all know me,
from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the
Lord: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their
sin no more.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
193
Do You Believe the OT, Mr. Ross?
• Jeremiah 31.31–34, new covenant, not like the covenant that God
made with the Jews when he brought them out of Egypt
• Q: what covenant did God make with the Jews when he brought
them out of Egypt?
• A: the covenant that included the 10 Com-mandments, Exodus 20;
Deuteronomy 5
http://www.WordAndSword.com
194
Exodus 20.2, 8
• 2 I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of
Egypt, out of the house of bondage. … 8 Remember the sabbath day,
to keep it holy.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
195
Deuteronomy 5.2, 12–15
• 2 The Lord our God made a covenant with us …. 12 Keep the sabbath
day to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee. … 15
And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that
the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and
by a stretched out arm: therefore the Lord thy God commanded thee
to keep the sabbath day.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
196
Do You Believe the OT, Mr. Ross?
• Jeremiah 31.31–34, new covenant, not like the covenant that God
made with the Jews when he brought them out of Egypt
• Exod 20; Deut 5, clearly this covenant included the sabbath
• Q: when was the Old Covenant replaced with a New Covenant?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
197
Hebrews 8.7–13
• 7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place
have been sought for the second. 8 For finding fault with them, he
saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new
covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah: 9 Not
according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day
when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt;
…. 13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old.
Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
198
Do You Believe the OT, Mr. Ross?
• Jeremiah 31.31–34, new covenant, not like the
covenant that God made with the Jews when he
brought them out of Egypt
• Exod 20; Deut 5, clearly this covenant included
the sabbath
• Hebrews 8.7–13, the Old Covenant was done
away with and replaced with the New Covenant
of Jesus Christ (context of chaps. 7–10)
• I believe the Old Testament, Mr. Ross. It looks
like you don’t believe the Old Testament or the
New!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
199
‘Dawn’ Does NOT Mean ‘Evening’
•Mr. Ross makes the argument that ‘dawn’ in
Matthew 28.1 means ‘evening,’ and that it
was actually Saturday evening when the first
day of the week began, according to Jewish
time
•No one in this audience believes ‘dawn’ =
‘evening’; everyone knows ‘dawn’ = morning
•But let’s compare the parallel accounts in the
other gospels, Mark 16.1ff; Luke 24.1ff
http://www.WordAndSword.com
200
Mark 16.1–9
• 1 And when the sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome,
…. 2 …very early in the morning the first day of
the week, they came unto the sepulchre at the
rising of the sun. … 4 And when they looked, they
saw that the stone was rolled away: …. 5 And
entering into the sepulchre, they saw a young
man sitting on the right side, .... 6 And he saith
unto them, Be not affrighted: Ye seek Jesus of
Nazareth, which was crucified: he is risen; he is
not here: behold the place where they laid him. …
9 Now when Jesus was risen early the first day of
the week, ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
201
Luke 24.1–10
• 1 Now upon the first day of the week, very early
in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre,
bringing the spices which they had prepared,
and certain others with them. 2 And they found
the stone rolled away from the sepulchre. 3 And
they entered in, and found not the body of the
Lord Jesus. 4 And it came to pass, as they were
much perplexed thereabout, behold, two men
stood by them in shining garments: 5 And as
they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to
the earth, they said unto them, Why seek ye the
living among the dead? 6 He is not here, but is
risen ….
http://www.WordAndSword.com
202
‘Dawn’ Does NOT Mean ‘Evening’
•Mr. Ross does ‘the rising of the sun’ (Mark 16.2)
mean evening or morning?
•Mr. Ross does ‘early in the morning’ (Luke 24.1)
mean evening or morning?
•I challenge you to find one example in all of human
history, sacred or secular, where anyone ever used
the word ‘dawn’ to talk about the evening
•Or else give up this foolish argument!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
203
Additional Questions
• Do you eat the Lord’s Supper?
• If so, when do you eat it and what passages authorize this day to eat
the Lord’s Supper?
• How often do you eat the Lord’s Supper and what passages authorize
this frequency?
• Why do you eat the Lord’s Supper and what passages give this
reason?
http://www.WordAndSword.com
204
What Does Remember Mean?
•Argument: the Lord told the Jews to
‘Remember the sabbath …’ in Exodus 20.8;
this clearly points back to Genesis 2 and
clearly states the sabbath is for all people,
Jew and Gentile!
•cf. ‘remember’ in Exodus 13.3
http://www.WordAndSword.com
205
Exodus 13.3
• 3 And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which ye
came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of
hand the Lord brought you out from this place: there shall no
leavened bread be eaten.
• [Clearly this remembering was to be done in the future as they
reflected on this day.]
http://www.WordAndSword.com
206
What Does Remember Mean?
• Argument: the Lord told the Jews to ‘Remember
the sabbath …’ in Exodus 20.8; this clearly points
back to Genesis 2 and clearly states the sabbath
is for all people, Jew and Gentile!
• Exodus 13.3, remember in the future
• Even if it meant looking back, which it doesn’t,
where is the sabbath mentioned prior?
• It is only mentioned one time prior to Exodus 20
http://www.WordAndSword.com
207
Exodus 16.22–30
• 23 And he said unto them, This is that which the Lord
hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath
unto the Lord: bake that which ye will bake to day, and
seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth
over lay up for you to be kept until the morning. … 25
And Moses said, Eat that to day; for to day is a sabbath
unto the Lord: to day ye shall not find it in the field. 26
Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which
is the sabbath, …. 29 See, for that the Lord hath given
you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth
day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his
place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.
30 So the people rested on the seventh day.
http://www.WordAndSword.com
208
What Does Remember Mean?
•Again, if ‘remember’ in Exodus 20.8 means to look
back, which it doesn’t, then must refer to Exodus
16, but this passage shows that the sabbath was
something brand new to the Jews!
•See charts 145–147
•Therefore, we still don’t have Gentiles included in
the sabbath keeping!
•And there is absolutely no reference to the sabbath
prior to Exodus 16!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
209
What Does Remember Mean?
•Regarding Genesis 2, see charts 69–71
•The sabbath is not mentioned in Genesis
•There is no command to keep the sabbath
•There is no penalty for not keeping the sabbath
•There is no example of keeping the sabbath!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
210
What Does Remember Mean?
•Argument: the Lord told the Jews to
‘Remember the sabbath …’ in Exodus 20.8;
this clearly points back to Genesis 2 and
clearly states the sabbath is for all people,
Jew and Gentile!
•Exodus 13.3, remember in the future
•Exodus 16, first and only mention of sabbath
prior to Exodus 20
•Genesis 2, zero mention of the sabbath or its
penalty and no examples!
http://www.WordAndSword.com
211