Women in the Navy Today

Comparison to Total Force

Officers Women 7,767 (14.7%) Men 45,131 Enlisted 43,382 (15.0%) 246,014 Total 51,149 (14.9%) 291,144 Total 52,988 289,396 342,293

Includes FTS

As of Jan 09

Women in the Navy Today

Women as % of All Officers

70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 MEN WOMEN % of Total Inventory 15.0% 14.5% 14.0% 13.5% 13.0% 12.5% 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 Fiscal Year 03 04 05 06 07 08 12.0%

Women in the Navy Today

Comparison to Total Force by Rank

100% Enlisted 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Men E1-E3 E4 Women E5 E6 E7-E9 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% ENS LTJG Men LT Officers LCDR Women CDR CAPT ADM

Women occupy much smaller percent of top Officer and Enlisted pay grades.

Women in the Navy Today

Percentage of Officer Women vs. Men

50.0% 45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% M ed /N ur se Su rf ac e A vi at io n 46% of all Women Officers are in Health Care Occupations (Medical, Dental, and Nursing). While women are growing in URL communities, the majority are junior officers.

H R /IP In te l/C ry pt o LD O /C W O Su pp ly ED O /C E C JA G Sp ec W ar Sp ec O ps Su bs Women Men

Includes FTS

As of JAN 08

O-8 *O-7 O-6 O-5 O-4

Navy JAG Corps Officers - Current Status

Minority Gender

Grade JAG Corps Inventory Majority: 640 (84%) Minority: 122 (16%) Better than Navy?

(Navy %)

JAG Corps Inventory Male: 540 (71%) female: 222 (29%) Better than Navy? (Navy %)

0/2 = 0% 1/2 = 50% (Selectee) 7/64 = 11% 18/126 = 14% 36/188 = 19% No (4%) Yes (4%) Yes (9%) Same (15%) No (21%) 0/2 = 0% 0/2 = 0% 13/64 = 20% 31/126 = 25% 58/188 = 31% No (5%) No (5%) Yes (12%) Yes (13%) Yes (13%) O-1, O-2 & O-3 60 of 380 = 16% *Includes O-6 acting as AJAG (CIVLAW) No (22%) 120/380 = 32% Yes (17%)

Women in the Navy Today

Growth with URL Over Time

*Represents warfare qualified women only, trainees not included 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Women have continued to grow within the SWO community at a higher rate than Pilots or NFOs. However, they also have a lowest propensity to retain at 11% vs 35% for female aviators.

96 581 497 416 242 352 256 273 163 125 106 288 183 673 312 217 783 324 222 792 317 232 838 323 231 829 334 210 '98 '99 Pilots '00 '01 '02 '03 Naval Flight Officers '04 '05 '06 '07 Surface Warfare

Officer Retention by Community

Female vs. Male Officers

40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% U R L Women (1,401) RL Women (1,131) Men (17,436) Men (4,965) Source: N104 Continuous Continuation Rate 3 to 12 YOS, 30SEP06 S ta ff Women (4,294) Men (10,920)

Unique to the Military?

• " … (t)he more high profile the position you hold, the less time and energy you typically have to devote to your personal life simply because of the tasks and responsibilities associated with that type of job. A senior tenured professor at a top business school once delivered a speech in which she stated, 'You can be a tenured Ivy League business school professor and have a husband and a dog, but you can't have kids. You can have a husband, a dog, and kids, but then you will most likely not be a tenured professor at a Top Ten business school.' In her opinion, attaining and maintaining a tenured professorship in an Ivy League MBA program requires so much time and energy that there is little left over for more than a dog and a husband."

Women in the Navy and U.S. Workforce

The Opt-Out Revolution: Push and Pull Factors

Why do Women Leave? Push/Pull Factors:

Change in Careers Degree/Training Health Felt Stalled in Career Eldercare Career Not Satisfying Spouse 3% 7% 9% Children 0% 10%

Sources: Center for Work-Life Policy (2005)

20% 23% 24% 29% 32% 30% 40% 45% 50%

Women in the Navy and U.S. Workforce

Impact on Society’s Primary Caregivers

Primary Child Care and Household Responsibilities High-Achieving Men and Women

51% Shop for Groceries 7% 50% Prepare Meals 9% 45% Clean the House 5% 67% Organize Activities for Children 3% 57% Take Time Off for Child Sickness 9% Help with Homework 0% 37% 9% 20% 40% 60% 80% Women Men

“ 40% of highly qualified women with spouses felt their husbands created more work around the house than they perform.” -Hewlett, HBR 2005 Source: National Parenting Association

Female Officer Retention

What is the Navy doing differently?

Army Mobility & Family Support

• 21 days adoption leave • Co-Location = 50 miles or 1 hour driving • Operational Deferment = 6 months

USAF

• 21 days adoption leave • Operational Deferment = 6 mo., request to 8

USMC USCG

• 21 days adoption leave • Paternity Leave = 10 days • Operational Deferment = 6 months • 21 days adoption leave • Temporary Separation Program • Co-Location = 300 miles • Operational Deferment = 6 months

Navy

• 21 days adoption leave • Career Intermission (“Off-On Ramp”) Program • Telecommuting Program • Co-Location = 250 miles • Operational Deferment = 12 months

Service Specific Policies

• Combat exclusion precludes service in most operationally demanding MOS • Half of assignments after 03 are changes in officer MOS • Primarily land-based deployers • Support squadrons rotate schedules • No fixed tour or rotation lengths • Combat exclusion precludes service in most operationally demanding MOS • Limited number of afloat billets at 18% (vs. Navy 40%).

• After first operational tour, lateral transfer expected due to lack of afloat billet opportunities • New officer accessions required to enter URL communities with few exceptions • URL career path less flexible than other service career paths

Impact of Policy Changes on Retention

Sabbatical & Operational Deferment

How would an “Off-On Ramp” or Sabbatical influence your desire to “Stay Navy?” Enlisted Officer Women

38

Men

34

Women

54

Men

30 Motivate me to remain in the Navy Have no impact on my motivation to remain in the Navy Motivate me to leave the Navy 53 8 57 9 42 3 65 5

How does the Navy’s change in operational deferment policy from 4 to 12 months influence your desire to “Stay Navy?” Women Enlisted Men Women Officer Men

Motivates me to remain in the Navy 49 12 48 10 Has no impact on my motivation to remain in the Navy Motivates me to leave the Navy 49 2 76 13 50 2 80 10