Transcript Basic Botany - University of Wisconsin–Extension

Woody Plants
PLANT DETECTIVES
Directions
• Consider the information presented in each
scenario
– What is useful?
– What is not useful?
– What is missing?
• Based on the information provided determine
a possible solution for the client
• Use an IPM approach for each of your answers
Goal
• Based on information provided by client,
determine possible cause(s) and present range
of solutions client can choose.
– You are NOT telling the client what to do
– You are educating the client on the control
options available
What you need:
• N3959 or other access to publications
When you see these:
• After you have come up
with your own answers,
listen to our suggested
reply to the client.
• Click on these icons
when you see them in
the presentation.
– Must be connected to
the internet
Vegetables
PLANT DETECTIVES
Scenario 1
Mr. Garcia focused his efforts in his vegetable garden this
year on growing the best tomatoes ever. He carefully
weeded around each, staked and trimmed and tied the
plants, and watered regularly until he had to go visit his
mother in another state for 2 weeks. While he was gone, the
person who was supposed to
take care of his garden didn’t
bother to water and it didn’t rain.
He was furious when he came
home to find big dark spots on
the bottom of the biggest fruits.
Scenario 1
• What do you think this is?
• Using an IPM strategy, what advice would you give Mr.
Garcia for dealing with this problem?
Photo by Ohio State University
Discuss these questions before
continuing to answer on next slide
Photo by University of Massachusetts
Scenario 1
Blossom end rot on tomato
– http://hort.uwex.edu/articles/ blossom-end-rot
• A physiological disorder
• Caused by lack of calcium (low
levels in soil or impeded uptake)
• Alternating soil moisture
extremes can promote this
Photo by University of Georgia
Scenario 1
Management options include:
• Avoid too much or too little water
• Mulch to retain soil
moisture
• Avoid damaging roots
Scenario 2
Mrs. Rose Budde decided it would be
nice to have some vegetables, so put in
a small garden in one of her raised
beds. She had Mr. Budde bring in a few
wheelbarrow loads of compost from
the farmette across the street and
watched him rototill it in. She then
planted her seeds and transplants in
neat rows, set up the sprinkler to water
them, and got on with her life. A few
weeks later she was dismayed to see
almost nothing but low-growing,
fleshy-leaved plants she hadn’t planted.
Scenario 2
• What plant do you think
this is?
• Using an IPM strategy, what
advice would you give Mrs.
Budde for dealing with this
problem?
Discuss these questions before
continuing to answer on next slide
Scenario 2
Purslane
http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7461.html
http://wimastergardener.org/sites/wimastergardener.org/
files/Portulaca_oleracea.pdf
• A fast-growing annual with
succulent leaves and stems
• Seed remains viable in the soil for
years
Scenario 2
Management options include:
• Hand pull
• Try to remove when small, before flowering
• Remove plants from the area (they can re-root
and seeds will continue to mature)
Scenario 2
Management options include:
• Eat them! Purslane is edible and is even sold as a
vegetable in places.
Scenario 3
Mr. Bob Bugg hasn’t been
able to grow a head of
cabbage worth eating for two
years. The plants start off
great but end up chewed to
shreds by the time harvest
comes around. When asked,
he recalls seeing white
butterflies fluttering about
the garden.
Scenario 3
• What do you think the problem is?
• Using an IPM strategy, what advice would you
give Mr. Bugg for dealing with this problem?
Discuss these questions before
continuing to answer on next slide
Scenario 3
Imported Cabbageworm
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http://learningstore.uwex.edu/Caterpillar-Pests-of-Cole-Crops-P565.aspx
Velvety green caterpillars
Up to an inch long
Blend in with the plant
White butterfly is adult
stage
Scenario 2
During the Horticulture Update prior to you receiving
Bob’s inquiry, Phil said there were many reports of
imported cabbageworm butterfly sightings from all
around the state.
http://fyi.uwex.edu/wihortupdate/
Soon after the butterflies
are seen eggs are laid on
crucifers. Once the larvae
hatch they will start eating
the plants.
Keep up to date on current pest
issues by listening to the live or
archived weekly programs!
Scenario 3
Management options include:
• Remove eggs
• Floating row cover to exclude
egg-laying butterflies
• Bt
• Insecticides
• Cultivars
• Parasitoids
Scenario 3
Two other caterpillars cause similar damage
• Diamondback moth
– Much smaller caterpillar
– Small, day-flying moth
• Cabbage looper
– Caterpillar is larger, “inches”
– Non-descript brown, nocturnal moth
– Generally occurs late in the season
Scenario 4
• Mr. Szejn brought you
his soil test results for
his vegetable garden.
• He needs to know if he
needs to buy a special
fertilizer or use what he
already has in the
garage.
Scenario 4
• His soil test results:
Scenario 4
Fertilizer #1
• Water soluble
• 15-30-15
Fertilizer #2
• Slow release
• 5-2-0
Scenario 4
Fertilizer #3
• Slow release
• 32-0-10
Fertilizer #4
• Slow release
• 30-0-4
Scenario 4
• Are any of his current fertilizers appropriate for
use in his vegetable garden?
• Using an IPM strategy, what advice would you
give for amending his vegetable garden’s soil?
Discuss these questions before
continuing to answer on next slide
Scenario 4
Management options include:
• Add compost annually
• Use appropriate fertilizers, as needed
Scenario 4
• Mr. Szejn states he has
access to horse manure
from a friend’s farm and
wonders if that is OK to
add?
–
http://www.cmg.colostate.edu/gardennotes/242.pdf