Transcript Indoor Air Quality - American Industrial Hygiene Association

Indoor Air Quality
Trina Redford
Industrial Hygienist
National Naval Medical Center
IH Services North
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview of Indoor Air
Quality, including the various factors that
can impact an office-type building.
Objective (Cont’d)
To familiarize participants with typical
health complaints, environmental
measurements collection and remedial
actions .
Terms
Building Related Illness-Diagnosable
illness whose symptoms can be identified
and whose cause can be be directly
attributed to airborne building pollutants
(e.g., hypersensitivity pneumonitis or
Legionnaire’s disease)
Terms
 Sick Building Syndrome(Tight Building
Syndrome) Used to describe situations in which
building occupants experience acute health and
/or comfort effects that appear to be linked to the
time spent in a particular building.
 No specific illness can be identified.
 Complaints may be localized in a particular room
zone or widespread throughout the building.
Four Elements of IAQ Dilemma
Source
HVAC
Pathway
Occupants
Sources Indoor Air
Contaminants
Contaminated outdoor air
Emissions from nearby sources
Moisture or standing water promoting
excessive microbial growth
Equipment
Human Activities
Housekeeping Activities
Source of Indoor Air
Contaminants
Human activities
Maintenance Activities
Building Components and Furnishings
Unsanitary conditions and water damage
Chemicals released by building
components
Other Sources
HVAC SYSTEM DESIGN AND
OPERATION
Provides thermal comfort.
Distributes adequate amounts of outdoor
air.
Isolates and removes odors and
contaminants through pressure control,
filtration and exhaust fans
Targeted groups of IAQ
Dilemma
Allergic or asthmatic individuals.
People with respiratory disease.
People whose immune system are
suppressed due to chemotherapy, radiation
therapy, disease or other causes.
Contact lens wearers.
Component of a HVAC System
 Outdoor intakes
 Mixed-air plenum and
 Return air system
outdoor air control
 Air filter
 Heating and cooling coils
 Humidification and
dehumidification
equipment
 Supply fan
 Ducts
 Terminal device
air outlet
 Self-contained heating or
cooling unit
 Control
 Boiler
 Cooling tower
 Water Chiller
 Exhaust or relief fans and
Types of Symptoms and
Complaints
 Headache
 Sneezing
 Fatigue
 Cough
 Shortness of breath
 Dizziness
 Sinus congestion
 Nausea
 Eye, nose and throat
irritation
 Skin irritation
Conducting and IAQ
Investigation
Collect and Review Existing Records
Conduct a Walkthrough Inspection
Collect Detailed Information
Instruments and Methodology
Used for IAQ
Thermal Comfort-Temperature, Relative
Humidity
Tracking Air Movement with Chemical
Smoke
CO2 as a indicator of good ventilation.
Measuring Airflow
Estimating Outdoor Air Quantities
Instruments and Methodology
Used for IAQ
Air Contaminant Concentrations
Biological Contaminants
Airborne Dust
Combustion Products
Regulatory Requirements
OSHA-General Duty Clause
OPNAVINST 5100.23F
ASHSHARE 62-1999 Ventilation for
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
Summary
 A healthy indoor environment is one
which the surroundings contribute to the
productivity, comfort and sense of health
and well being.
A healthy environment may be achieved by
proper building maintenance and
communication.