INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY Chapter 2 Matter

Chemistry is the study of … • • ….

Matter Matter

is anything that takes up space and has mass.

• Light and sound are NOT matter!!

MATTER IS MADE UP OF… • …

Atoms

• Democritus –Greek philosopher –“atomos” –Smallest particles –Indivisible ??

What Does an Atom Look Like?

• Atoms are too small to see with the eye, but if we could see them, they would look like this….

• But we can see GROUPS of atoms.

Groups of Atoms are Called… • …

Elements

• An

element

is made of only one type of atom.

• Notice all the atoms are the same!

• Examples: Anything on the Periodic Table; Hydrogen; Gold

The Periodic Table of Elements There are 109 elements – Some man-made • A system of organizing elements

Elements can combine to form… •

…Compounds & Molecules

•

Compounds (Molecules)

contain

MORE THAN ONE ELEMENT

(more than one type of atom) and are

BONDED

(attached)!

• Example: Water •

Chemical Formulas

represent compounds/molecules • Examples: H 2 O

Pure Substance • A

Pure Substance

something that

IS BONDED

so it

CANNOT BE SEPARATED

smaller parts.

into is • Either all atoms are the same, or the atoms are bonded!

• Example: • Elements & Compounds

Mixture • Pure substances like elements and compounds can be mixed together. These

MIXTURES CAN BE SEPARATED

from each other.

• Here’s what a mixture looks like on the atomic level: • This is a mixture of Hydrogen and Oxygen!

Identify these as Element or Compound. Which are Pure Substances? Mixtures?

A B C D

A Element Pure B Compound Pure C 2 Elements Mixture D 2 Elements Mixture

How Can You Separate A Mixture?

• Time for a practice W.S. and then a take home LAB on separating mixtures!  