Transcript Europeans in Tamilnadu

Govt. of Tamilnadu
Department of School Education
Bridge Course 2011-2012
Class VIII -History
Europeans in Tamilnadu
•
•
•
•
•
Coming of the Portuguese
Coming of the Dutch
Coming of the English
Coming of the Danes
Coming of the French
Coming of the Portuguese
• Vasco-da-gama reachedCalicut on thewestern
coast of India, in 1498
• Francisco-de-Almeida (1505-1509)
• He wanted to makethe portuguese, the masters
of Indian Ocean . This policy is knownas
the “Blue Water Policy”
• Alfonso de Albuquerque (1509-1515)
• In 1510, he captured Goa which became their
headquaters in India.
• Why they are defeated
Coming of the Dutch
• The Dutch traders came from Holland
• Towns such as Karaikal, Pulicat and
Nagapattinam on the East coast were
captured by them
• Why they are defeated
Coming of the English
• The English East India Company was launched
on 31st December 1600 to trade with india
• In 1640, Fort St.George was made as their
Headquarters in the East.
• In 1654 Madras became the headquarters of
all the British possessions in the East
Coming of the Danes
• The Danish East India Company was
established in 1616 in Denmark
• Their merchants were not prominent
• They lost their influence as well as interest
Coming of the French
• The French East India Company was founded
in the year 1664
• In 1701 Pondicherry became the headquarters
• The French occupied Mahe on the Malabar
coast in 1725 and Karaikalin 1739, from the
Marathas of Tanjore .
Conclusion
• The English established their supremacy in
Madras,Calcutta, and Bombay
• This resulted in the outbreak of carnatic wars
• English-French rivalry
The first carnatic war(French won)
The second carnatic war(British won)
The third carnatic war(British won)
• Success of English in tamilnadu
 best co-operation among their governors
 No one was able to compete with them
 Super naval power
 Private east India company
VIII Std
HISTORY
FREEDOM STRUGGLE
•
•
•
•
Puli Thevan
Veerapandiya Kattabomman
Marudhu brothers
Vellore Mutiny 1806
Puli Thevan
• He is one of the earliest opponents of
the British rule in South India
• Nelkatumseval is chiefly memorable as having
been in the eighteenth Century stronghold of
the redoubtable Puli Thevar
• Puli Thevan War in 1757 at Nelkatumseval
Veerapandiya Kattabomman
Veerapandiya Kattabomman
• He was also known as Kattabomman was an 18th
century Palayakarrar('Polygar') chieftain from
Panchalankurichi of Tamil Nadu
• He was born
to JagaveeraKattabomman and Arumugattammal on
January 3, 1760 and his brother was Oomai thurai
• Kattabomman refused to pay his dues and for a long
time refused to meet Jackson Durai
• Kattabomman refused to meet the Collector and a fight
broke out.
• Kayatharu, where Kattabomman was executed has
remained a place of political pilgrimage.
Marudhu Brothers
• Ramnad king to assign them to serve the Sivaganga state army
• Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu ruled Sivagangai, Tamil
Nadu towards the end of the 18th century
• The Marudhu brothers were trained in native martial arts
at Surankottai which traditionally served as a training centre for the
Ramnad state army
• Marudhu Pandiyars Battles against the British
• They were very great administrators
• They were infamously hanged on October 24, 1801.
Vellore Mutiny 1806
• Vellore Mutiny was the first instance of a
Largescale and violent mutiny by Indian sepoys
against the British
• The sepoy dress code changed in November 1805.
• Some revolting soldiers were sent to Fort St. George
• There master plan for attack on british was defeated
before commencement of war
• Though it was subsided it made a revolution among
the Indian kings
HISTORY
Social and Economic Conditions Under
British
• Zamindari system
• Rywotari System
• Mahalwari System
Zamindari system
• Introduced in early British period
• Zamindars collected the rents of land through
different intermediate collectors. As a result of
such practice there had been creation of
multilevel ranks of collector under the
Zamindar
• This revenue system accounted for 57 per
cent of cultivated area in the country.
Rywotari System
• The Rywotari system was introduced in
Madras Presidency in 1792 and in Bombay
Presidency in 1817-18
• The system covered nearly all the southern
states and many western states of India
• The Rywotari system covered nearly 38 per
cent of the cultivated area in India
Mahalwari System
• The Mahalwari system was introduced
between 1840 and 1850
• In this system the entire village constituted
revenue settlement as collective unit
• This system is considered to be most
convenient and appropriate instrument for
social development.
• The System was not extensive and included
only 5 per cent of the cultivated land in India.
Conclusion
• Common people remained poor but
Zamindars and mirasudars lived a lavished life
• Village people cannot pay tax
• so the british government constructed many
dams and did irrigational facilities
• But the main plan of british is to market their
product
• They are least bothered about Indian poverty
THE END